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This study may be freely posted on other bbs' and distributed to others provided this leader remains with the study text at all times. ********************************************************************* Samuel 16:13,"Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and annointed him in the midst of his brethren, and the spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward, So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah." The story of David and Goliath is a very familiar story even to little children. We do not want to simply tell a familiar Bible story, but we DO want to show how that David was a type of Jesus Christ. No one is a perfect picture of Christ, but if a child of God lives in such a way as to be pleasing in the sight of God, their life becomes a type of our Savior. David was a prophet, writing prophetic scriptures in Psalms. He was a priest and ministered as a priest in "David's tabernacle" as it was called in the scriptures. David was also a king over Israel. Therefore David sets a picture of Christ as prophet, as priest, and as king. He is known as a "man after God's own heart". That is the kind of person we need to learn how to be. 1 Samuel 17:15,"But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father's sheep at Bethlehem." David was a shepherd from Bethlehem. Christ was a spiritual shepherd. The Bible calls Jesus the "Great Shepherd", the "Chief Shepherd", and the "Good Shepherd". Jesus was born in Bethlehem, and the word Bethlehem means "HOUSE OF BREAD" in the Hebrew language from which David's story is translated. Jesus came to be our "bread of life" SPIRITUALLY (John 6:53-63), and He was presented to us in Bethlehem (the HOUSE OF BREAD). This was not by accident that all of these things portray such beautiful spiritual pictures. They are the result of the fact that God is sovereign and controls all things. God planned even the very place where David would be born. 1 Samuel 17:17, "And Jesse said unto David his son, Take now for thy brethren an ephah of this parched corn, and these ten loaves, and run to the camp to thy brethren;" Jesus was sent by his father to do one thing. That was to take spiritual food to his brethren, the true Israelites, who were scattered as lost sheep amongst the literal house of Israel. The reader should notice how similar this story is to the life of Joseph, who also was a type of Jesus Christ. In fact, Joseph's story gives us more details as to how Jesus was rejected and sold into slavery by His brethren (as Joseph also was). These passages are given to build our faith if we can just realize that before Jesus ever came to this earth and accomplished the task that was set before him, David had lived in a LITERAL sense, a picture of the duty that was set before HIM. Jesus was annointed by the Holy Spirit to become the King of Israel (spiritually) at the age of 30. David became the king of LITERAL Israel at the very same age (30; 2 Samuel 5:4), and reigned for FORTY YEARS. Most people today have failed to notice that the Bible puts together in a very subtle manner a picture of a special "AGE" which lasted from the time Jesus began his ministry, until the time when the TEMPLE OF ISRAEL and the CITY OF JERUSALEM were destroyed exactly FORTY YEARS later. Though we will not have sufficient space to deal with it fully in this book, that FORTY YEAR period is typified by the reign of David and covers a period when the Old Covenant and the New Covenant overlapped one another. This is the reason that Paul spoke of the New Covenant BEGINNING with the death of Jesus (Hebrews 9), and yet over 30 years later he writes that the Old Covenant was about to "vanish away" (Hebrews 8:13, written about 65 A.D.). If people today could only understand this "generation" of time that God allowed LITERAL Israel as a "space of time" in which to repent, it would clear up most of the wrong doctrinal interpretations that originate in the book of Acts, and especially those that people derive from Acts 2:38. Jesus' kingdom is TYPIFIED by David's kingdom, but David's was LITERAL and Jesus' kingdom is SPIRITUAL. We know the Israelites tried to make Jesus a literal king, but he fled from them. Another time he came riding in on the foal of an ass in order to show in type what kind of a kingdom he was trying to set up. The Bible symbolically speaks of the WILD ass as a picture of the FLESH OF MAN. MAN'S FLESH CANNOT BE RIDDEN IN ITS NATURAL STATE AS IT IS UNTAMED. The colt that Jesus was riding on had never been ridden before. It had never been conquered, yet it did not react in a wild manner. It was tamed by the power of God. This is exactly what happens in the life of a person when they get saved. He tames us so that He can "ride around in our lives". Job said mankind is born like a wild asses colt, yet the power of God will enable them to be changed creatures. Certainly Jesus is able to "climb on" and ride on our lives though no one has done so before even as the type pictures. A spiritual kingdom. That was the type of kingdom Jesus was to establish. The Jews would not receive him as such a king. They wanted a literal king, or no king at all. As a result, they turned away his offer of redemption and salvation, so he went to the cross to pay the price for sin, and bore the sins of the "elect" of God. Jesus didn't immediately take the office as king, and David didn't either. Jesus wasn't actually able to take the position of king in men and women's lives until after the day of Pentecost. Some things had to be accomplished first. One of those things, the very first task, was mentioned beginning in Matt. 4:1. Jesus was lead out into the wilderness by the Spirit of God. He was set there before an enemy, to face that enemy and to be tempted 40 days and 40 nights. This enemy Beelzebub, coming as a Satan against Christ, is pictured symbolically by Goliath, throwing out the taunts and the jeers, as David was lead into the wilderness. That is mentioned in 1 Samuel 17:16: "And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days." Satan came and tempted Christ forty days and nights through His flesh before he came into direct conflict in the SPIRIT, as David did with Goliath. Jesus was hungry the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th day, and so on, just like you and I would be. In Hebrews 2nd, 3rd, and 4th chapters, it shows that Jesus had the same nature we do; the nature of Abraham. He didn't take for himself the nature of angels. He was tempted in all points like we are, yet without sin. So we know Jesus got hungry as quickly as we would. Then after 40 days, He faced Satan in His spirit. 1 Samuel 17:28, "And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spake unto the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why camest thou down hither? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know thy pride, and the naughtiness of thine heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle." David's brother's reaction was that of false accusation. He wrongly judged David's motive. David was obeying his father. He was being obedient to the commission that had been given him. That was exactly what happened in the life of Christ. He came to do the will of his father, to bring food to his brethren. But instead of receiving the food, with thanksgiving, they threw out false accusations towards Christ. He came to his own, his own received him not. 1 Samuel 17:29, "And David said, What have I now done? Is there not a cause?", Christ's own words in Psalms 69:4 were "they hate me without a cause". Remember, Jesus was just as human as David was. It hurt his feelings just as much as it hurts yours. We need to realize we will have the same type of experiences today as we try to do good to people. These are not only types of Christ. They also picture the way we need to live to be pleasing in His sight. John tells us that Jesus' own brethren didn't even believe in Him. It is no wonder that David's brethren did not "see" him as their future king. 1 Samuel 17:1, "Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which belongeth to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephesdammim." David found his brethren in Shochoh. That word means entangled or entwined. In type this shows they were entangled with the things of the world. I am not saying that they were doing evil deeds. Jesus taught that the most dangerous things in life are the things that are not wrong in themselves. We allow them to turn us into IDOLATORS when we let them keep us from our SPIRITUAL meal on the word of God. Here is an outline of some of the things that Jesus warns us about. Many people in the religious world today allow these things to keep them out of a TRUE church and to keep them from doing the will of God: (A) THE MARRIAGE RELATIONSHIP: People will let the influence of lost companions prevent them from proving to God that He is first place in their lives. They "give in" rather than to endure the hardship of a difficult marriage, and therefore show God that they are not willing to suffer for the cause of Christ (Luke 14:20, Luke 14:26, 1 Peter 2:20). A marriage will be much better for both if Jesus is FIRST PLACE. (B) MATERIAL POSSESSIONS: People will get so busy as they are blessed with material prosperity that it soon takes much of their time just to keep up with and to take care of the things that they own (Luke 14:18, Mark 10:28-30). (C) INFLUENCE OF RELATIVES: People claim that Jesus is Lord of their life, yet when the relatives have a get-together, or a wedding , graduation , funeral , etc., GOD USUALLY GETS DUMPED INTO LAST PLACE. Many people say, "but I don't want to get my relatives mad at me because I want to be a witness to them". THAT IS ONE OF THE BIGGEST DECEPTIONS THAT THE DEVIL EVER HATCHED. THE REASON THAT PEOPLE DO NOT WANT TO GET THEIR RELATIVES MAD IS BECAUSE THEY ARE SO CLOSE TO THEM. IF PEOPLE WHO PROFESS TO BE SAVED WOULD WORRY AS MUCH ABOUT OFFENDING GOD AS THEY DO ABOUT OFFENDING THEIR RELATIVES THEN THEY COULD BE WITNESSES. How can we claim to be a witness when we break the NUMBER ONE RULE OF SERVING GOD? He teaches us in thousands of texts of scriptures which both directly mention and/or typify the basic truth.......GOD WANTS US TO PROVE TO HIM THAT HE IS FIRST PLACE BY NOT ALLOWING ANYTHING.......I REPEAT.......ANYTHING TO KEEP US FROM THE SPIRITUAL DINNER TABLE WHEN HE SETS HIS WORD THERE FOR US. People can holler "BONDAGE" if they please....Paul said that he was a bond slave of Jesus Christ and the Bible shows that the same is true of EVERY TRUE CHILD OF GOD. The fact is, a real Christian will LOVE the privilege of never missing the SPIRITUAL dinner table. When people do not mind missing out on the "meal" with the saints, they show that there is no spiritual life in their hearts. Notice Matthew 8:21-22. Someone might say, "but why is it so important to God that I be in a TRUE church every service"? To fully understand the reason, we must first realize that our experience of salvation is also symbolized as a SPIRITUAL MARRIAGE WITH JESUS CHRIST. I will not go into the depths of the symbolism here, but the physical FLESHLY relationship of a man and woman in a marriage has its counterpart in the spiritual realm. The Song of Solomon and other texts of scripture portray the literal picture of the sexual relationship and use it to represent spiritual pictures of of our spiritual marriage. If we go to church where the word of God is taught in its depths as it should be, then there are several things that are being accomplished as we are there taking part in the Bible study. (1) We are feeding our spirits on SPIRITUAL FOOD. That is essential in order to sustain us in our spiritual life. (2) We are functioning as parts of a SPIRITUAL BODY, which if we are not there, the body as a whole is hindered from being able to fully function as it should. If you believe that your presence makes no difference in the service, then you are the same as saying that you are not a part of the "BODY". Keep in mind that to remove a part of your human body is to hinder your life and labors. Even so, your absence from the spiritual body acts as a hindrance to others who miss you and are concerned about your absence. (3) Since our God has commanded us to not forsake the assembling of ourselves together, then our absence is a direct violation of God's command and therefore is SIN (Hebrews 10:25). I know that many people say that they do not do it very often, yet generally those same people will question people's lives when they only OCCASIONALLY GET DRUNK OR OCCASIONALLY GET HIGH ON DRUGS. IS A PERSON WHO ONLY OCCASIONALLY MURDERS OR OCCASIONALLY RAPES OR OCCASIONALLY COMMITS ADULTERY A GOOD CHRISTIAN? NO MATTER HOW MAN MAY LOOK AT THE SITUATION, TO MISS OUT ON THE MESSAGE THAT GOD IS SENDING TO HIS PEOPLE FOR ANY REASON (unless you are physically unable to crawl in) IS JUST AS GREAT A SIN AS MURDER OR ADULTERY IN THE EYES OF GOD. If we are faithful in attending the services AND CAREFUL TO PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO THE MESSAGE THAT GOD IS SENDING FOR OUR EDIFICATION AND ADMONITION, God has promised to SPIRITUALLY BLESS us for that faithfulness and to provide for our material NEEDS as well. (4) The SPIRIT OF GOD which flows through the TRUTH when it is declared EXCITES THE SPIRITS of God's true honest hearts, and fulfills in them the SPIRITUAL MARRIAGE RELATIONSHIP WITH JESUS. The Bible even symbolizes the Word of God as "SEED". When we SKIP church services or when we go to church where the FULL REVELATION OF LIGHT AND TRUTH IS NOT PREACHED, then we not only miss out on this special relationship with Christ, but we also LEAVE HIM OUT OF THE RELATIONSHIP THAT HE DESIRES TO HAVE WITH US. So David's brethren were JUST LIKE Jesus' brethren; SO taken in with the goings on of life that they failed to see the more important things in life. IF YOU AND I ARE TO EVER WIN OUR FRIENDS AND RELATIVES, WE MUST LOVINGLY SHOW THEM THAT WE WILL NOT MAKE IDOLS OF THEM BUT RATHER WILL STRIVE TO PUT GOD FIRST IN OUR LIVES. When a person becomes entangled or entwined and places anything whatsoever before God, they are in Shochoh. If you are in Shochoh, you are on Goliath's side. ALL OF GOD'S PEOPLE HAVE BEEN GIVEN POWER TO OVERCOME THE ENTANGLEMENTS. HOWEVER, YOU MUST USE THAT POWER TO REFUSE TO ALLOW THINGS TO OVERCOME YOU OR YOU WILL BE CONQUERED. Azekah means a strong spark or light. They were at Shochoh, but their encampment extended toward Azekah. The spark of God's word was reaching out towards them trying to draw them from that entanglement in which they were bound. Ephesdammim means the place of blood. Blood guiltiness of people that are lost. Their blood upon their heads. Guilty of the blood of others whom they are hurting, and guilty of the blood of Jesus Christ which they are trampling underfoot (Hebrews 10:29). 1 Samuel 17:4, "And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span." A cubit is approximately 18 inches. Goliath was probably somewhere around 10 feet tall. The word translated champion means middleman, a mediator, as we call it today. One who goes out to fight in behalf of an army to decide the fate of the entire army. This opens up the type, when we realize Goliath was the MIDDLEMAN for the Philistines. THAT SHOWS US THAT WHAT ISRAEL WAS HAVING SO MUCH TROUBLE FINDING WAS A "CHAMPION" OR IN OTHER WORDS, A MEDIATOR TO STAND IN THEIR BEHALF. I am certain that if you are at all familiar with the scriptures, this thought will remind you of the words of Revelation 5:1-10 where it symbolizes the search for the Lamb who was worthy to open the book. He was to be the mediator of His people and PRAISE GOD, JESUS HAS FULFILLED THAT PICTURE SO VERY WELL IN OUR BEHALF. When Jesus came, he came as the mediator for God's people, spiritual Israel. He came to stand against the mediator for the Philistines, or typically speaking, the enemy. He came to stand against the devil in our behalf. There wasn't anyone in the camp of Israel that even felt they could stand against the enemy. David said "the Lord can do it". David knew he CERTAINLY COULD NOT DO IT ALONE. 1 Samuel 17:5, "And he had an helmet of brass upon his head, and he was armed with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat was five thousand shekels of brass." Five thousand shekels of brass is over 200 pounds. He was a strong fellow too, and well protected with armor. Verse 6, "And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders." Verse 7, "And the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron; and one bearing a shield went before him." Over 600 shekels of iron; that's over 25 lbs. for a spearhead. Just picture having to throw a pole with 25 lbs on the end of it. Goliath pictures Satan, and is a strong enemy. His armor is strong. His weapons are strong. But thank God, we have one that stood in our place. We couldn't have handled it. The devil has already been whipped. All you have to do is receive by FAITH that which has been accomplished for you and stand on it. 1 Samuel 17:8, "And he stood and cried unto the armies of Israel, and said unto them. Why are ye come out to set your battle in array? am not I a Philistine, and ye servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me." And let him come DOWN to me. At least he admitted his position. At least Goliath (in the type) was able to see that if David went to him, he had to go DOWN. That's what Jesus had to do to battle with the devil. He couldn't battle with him up there in heaven. The devil wasn't up there, and contrary to the opinion of false religion, he has never been there (See our Bible study on the origin of Satan). Jesus had to come down to battle with him. Some people need to get this straight in their minds. If Satan ever was in heaven and Jesus had to fight with him and cast him out, why did he have to come down and fight with him again? There is only one time that the Bible shows Jesus had to do battle with the devil and he came down to do it. People badly misinterpret the scriptures when they teach that "LUCIFER" is actually Beelzebub (ie. the chief DEVIL, the god of this world), and they go on to say that he was once an angel in heaven. May God help people to search the scriptures more carefully before they teach such things. If they would study Isaiah 14 more carefully, they would see the great error in their doctrine. Reading verses 11 and 12 together, "When Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid. Now David was the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehem- judah, whose name was Jesse; and he had eight sons: and the man went among men for an old man in the days of Saul." Saul and his army were scared, but David's was an altogether different story. He wasn't afraid of anything. Why? He had God on his side. 1 Samuel 17:25, "And the men of Israel said, Have ye seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is he come up: and it shall be, that the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel." We find here that one of the things that inspired David to feel that this battle was really worth while was the fact that if he defeated Goliath, he would get to marry the king's daughter. You know who the kings' daughter is in spiritual type? The Bride of Christ, the church. Jesus (as David typifies), knew he would get to have the TRUE CHURCH WHICH HE BUILT as a bride if he would come down and fight the devil. If you will study the scriptures, you will find out that Michal wasn't much of a prize. In reality, we as the BRIDE OF CHRIST aren't anything special either, but we are still the "king's" daughter. Michal was actually a "thorn" in David's side at times. Even so the church has brought much grief to Jesus. Michal gives us a good typical picture of the CHURCH. 1 Samuel 17:32, "And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail because of him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine." Verse 40, "And he took his staff in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in a shepherd's bag which he had, even in a scrip; and his sling was in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine." For weapons, David chose five smooth stones. Goliath had four brothers, so David took enough weapons to deal with the entirety of the enemy. Jesus Christ worked in exactly the same manner. The stones were CHOSEN, not picked at random, and were smooth. IN THE BIBLE, STONES ARE USED TO SYMBOLIZE THE TRUTHS OF GOD'S WORD. Babylon builds its tower with counterfeit stones (ie. man made bricks). That's why Babylon is a picture of false religion. However, God only builds with natural stone which He cuts and fits together. Since God's people are spiritually "made" out of the WORD OF GOD, then God's people are also symbolized as stones (1 Peter 2:5). WHENEVER STONES ARE USED TO PICTURE WEAPONS, THEY ALWAYS PORTRAY THE WORD OF GOD. The smooth stones are the ones you know how to handle. TRUTHS that you understand and can use for YOUR WEAPONS. Verse 41, "And the Philistine came on and drew near unto David; and the man that bare the shield went before him." MANY TIMES, if we are not very careful, we will hold things against lost folks because of what they do to us. If David had not been careful, he would have killed the shield bearer and Goliath would have killed him. Standing behind every person that has offended you is he who Goliath typifies; Beelzebub; Satan; The god of this world; the prince of darkness. The people are just shield bearers. They are just what you see standing out in front. Behind it all is the devil. Friend, don't aim too low. This thing is a spiritual battle and is not against people or "flesh and blood" (Ephesians 6:12). 1 Samuel 17:42 thru 47, "And when the Philistine looked about and saw David, he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance. And the Philistine said unto David, Am I a dog, that thou comest to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods. And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give thy flesh unto the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field. Then said David to the Philistine, Thou comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to thee in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom thou hast defied. This day will the Lord deliver thee into mine hand; and I will smite thee and take thine head from thee; and I will give the carcases of the host of the Philistines this day unto the fowls of the air, and to the wild beasts of the earth; that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel. And all this assembly shall know that the Lord saveth not with sword and spear; for the battle is the Lord's, and he will give you into our hands." There are many messages there in those passages showing us what Jesus came to do. PERSONALLY I AM THRILLED WHEN I THINK ABOUT HUMBLE LITTLE DAVID GOING FORTH SO BOLDLY AND SPEAKING OUT SO BRAVELY AGAINST SUCH A FOE. NO WONDER GOD LOVED DAVID SO MUCH. Verses 48 & 49, "And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hasted, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth." Verse 50, "So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David." David didn't use his own sword, he used Goliath's. NOTICE: Verse 51, "Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled." He slew Goliath with his OWN SWORD. The very instrument that was to be used to bring about David's death, brought about Goliath's death instead. The very instrument that Satan used to bring about Christ's death, brought his own death. His own weapon, the cross of Calvary, became the means of his defeat. Verse 52, "And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou come to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron." Verse 53, "And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents." As soon as David had overcome, suddenly the whole camp of Israel became brave. And that's the change that Jesus as our SPIRITUAL "David" brought to pass. Jesus' death brought victory, because Jesus' death did not continue as death. It was the means of resurrection; it was life; it was strength; and it brought death to the foe. As a result, God's people are ready to charge forward. We do not have to cower before an enemy and fear for our spiritual lives. WE HAVE A CHAMPION WHO HAS OVERCOME THE ENEMY. Verse 18:7, "And the women answered one another as they played, and said, Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands." David hadn't killed ten thousands, but it was IMPUTED unto him. Every Philistine that died went down on David's account. Why? Because there wouldn't have been a single Philistine slain if David hadn't overcome. Today, every time we whip the enemy it goes down on Jesus' account. It is imputed unto him as VICTORY. At the same time His victory goes down on our account, and that is what gives us the strength to go forth. We aren't going to war with the life and death of Israel or even our own life and death resting in our hands. We aren't out there working for salvation. We are working for our Savior. If you are not encouraged to go to battle, then you don't have your faith in what Jesus has done for you. If you are a child of God, you must center your faith in the work that Jesus has accomplished as YOUR champion and the victory that He has won for YOU. Now that the battle is won, all you and I have to do is to chase after the enemy and destroy the remainder of Satan's works which are still hanging around in our life. Jesus has FINISHED the work and wants us to have enough faith in Him to believe in and to accept that finished work which He has done in our behalf. HIS GRACE IS SUFFICIENT TO GIVE US CONTINUED VICTORY EVEN AS HE HAS PURCHASED THAT WHICH WE ALREADY ENJOY IN HIM. Even as David gained proper glory and recognition for what he accomplished in behalf of LITERAL ISRAEL, we need to give Jesus the proper credit, the GLORY, the HONOUR, and the PRAISE for what He has done in our behalf. He is TRULY "KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS".