InterNet Mail Guide Last Updated: 3/02/93 This file is intended to help users with E-Mail syntax between the various network protocols that exist in the current world-wide network. Please send any additions/changes to Compuserve id [71641,2400], Internet: 71641.2400@compuserve.com. Much of this list was compiled by the Louisiana State University Office of Telecommunications. It has since been added on to by me: Scott Hoppe. I hereby place it in the Public Domain, so that everyone may benefit from the knowledge contained herein. Please try to keep the file intact, where possible. I will update the file periodically, as additions are made to the World Wide Data Net (WWDN). Special note about the @ ("at") symbol: ----------------------------------------- Many of the address structures listed below contain the @ symbol ("at"). The @ symbol is also defined as a delete character on some systems. This means that you must "escape" this character from the operating system so that it is not interpreted. On some VM systems, for example, the address user@host.domain could be entered as user"@host.domain. When the mail entry screen appears, you should see the address written properly. On many UNIX systems, a backslash (\) can be used to escape a single character. Thus, the above example would be entered as user\@host.domain. Unless you already know that you need to escape a particular character, it is usually best to attempt the normal (un-escaped) address first. If you have trouble with specific characters in the address, contact your local system administrator for information on how to escape the problem character. ======================================================================== E-Mail Syntax ======================================================================== NOTE: This section is alphabetized by 'FROM' then 'TO'. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: ATTMAIL TO: BITNET -------------------------------------------------- To: internet!host.bitnet!user Ex: Send from AT&T Mail to user Mickey at BITNET host DISNEY To: internet!disney.bitnet!Mickey -------------------------------------------------- FROM: ATTMAIL TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: internet!host.domain!user Ex: Send from AT&T Mail to user Mickey at INTERNET host disney.world.com To: internet!disney.world.com!Mickey -------------------------------------------------- FROM: ATTMAIL TO: UUNET -------------------------------------------------- To: internet!uunet!system!user Ex: Send from AT&T Mail to user Mickey on UUNET host DISNEY To: internet!uunet!disney!Mickey -------------------------------------------------- FROM: BITNET & EARN TO: DECNET -------------------------------------------------- Methods for routing mail from BITNET to DECNET vary, depending on the specific mailer installed at the BITNET node. BITNET sites may route mail to DECNET hosts as shown below. To: user%host.SPAN@DFTBIT To: user%host.SPAN@STAR.STANFORD.EDU To: user%host.SPAN@VLSI.JPL.NASA.GOV To: user%host.SPAN@SDSC.BITNET -------------------------------------------------- FROM: BITNET & EARN TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- Methods for routing mail from BITNET to INTERNET vary, depending on the specific mailer installed at the BITNET node. BITNET sites running the Croswell mailer are capable of directly addressing INTERNET hosts. For those sites which require the use of a BITNET-to-INTERNET gateway, the logical BITNET host "INTERBIT" should be used. This logical host name is translated into a real host name appropriate for the sender's location. To: user@host.domain ! w/ Croswell mailer To: user%host.domain@INTERBIT ! w/o Croswell mailer Ex: Send to user Mickey at INTERNET host disney.world.com To: Mickey@disney.world.com OR To: Mickey%disney.world.com@INTERBIT -------------------------------------------------- FROM: COMPUSERVE TO: BITNET -------------------------------------------------- To: >INTERNET:user@HOST.BITNET Ex: Send to user Mickey on BITNET host DISNEY To: >INTERNET:Mickey@DISNEY.BITNET Note: Note that the ">INTERNET:" prefix is essential. A space after the ">INTERNET:" prefix is not required. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: COMPUSERVE TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: >INTERNET:user@host.domain Ex: Send to user Mickey on internet host disney.world.com To: >INTERNET:Mickey@disney.world.com Note: Note that the ">INTERNET:" prefix is essential. A space after the ">INTERNET:" prefix is not required. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: COMPUSERVE TO: MCIMAIL -------------------------------------------------- To: >MCIMAIL:firstname lastname To: >MCIMAIL:user id Ex: Send to MCIMAIL user Mickey Mouse ID# 101-1001 To: >MCIMAIL:Mickey Mouse OR To: >MCIMAIL:101-1001 Note: Note that the ">MCIMAIL:" prefix is essential. A space after the ">MCIMAIL:" prefix is not required. It is better to use the user id, rather than the user's name since it is possible for there to be more than one user using the same name. A surcharge, based on message size, will be billed to the sending Compuserve account. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: DECNET TO: BITNET & EARN -------------------------------------------------- To: DFTNIC::JNET%"user@host" To: EAST::"user@host.BITNET" -------------------------------------------------- FROM: DECNET TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: NSFGW::"user@host.domain" ! NSF Gateway/NCAR To: EAST::"user@host.domain" ! New GSFC Gateway To: NSSDCA::SMTP%"user@host.domain" ! GSFC Gateway To: DFTNIC::SMTP%"user@host.domain" ! GSFC Gateway To: AMES::"user@host.domain" ! AMES Gateway To: WITCH::"user@host.domain" ! JPL Gateway -------------------------------------------------- FROM: FIDONET TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: UUCP of FIDONET-UUCP-Gateway Then put INTERNET address as first line of message, followed by a blank line. Ex: Send to Mickey Mouse at disney.world.com To: UUCP of 1:382/39.9 Put Internet address on first line of the message followed by a blank line. Mickey@disney.world.com NOTE: This of course is done in Netmail (not in echo mail). To find the nearest Gateway, look in your nodelist for the UUCP flag. For example, 1:382/39 is the Gateway in Net 382. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: ATTMAIL -------------------------------------------------- To: user@attmail.com Ex: Send to AT&T MAIL subscriber Mickey To: Mickey@attmail.com -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: ATTMAIL-attached X.400 Gateways -------------------------------------------------- Assume that there is an ATTMAIL X.400 gateway for XYZ Company. Given an X.400 address for someone at XYZ Company such as: /C=US/ADMD=ATTMAIL/PRMD=XYZ/O=TOPBRASS/PN=JOHN_DOE This can be generalized to: /C=US/ADMD=ATTMAIL/PRMD=/ You may then address a message as follows: To: @mhs.attmail.com:/ Ex: Send to /C=US/ADMD=attmail/PRMD=xyz/O=topbrass/PN=mickey To: @mhs.attmail.com:xyz/o=topbrass/pn=mickey (for source-route) - OR - xyz/o=topbrass/pn=mickey@mhs.attmail.com (non-source-route) Note: Be carefull of the return address when replying to mail. This gateway uses mixed UUCP, X.400 and Internet-style addressing in its return addresses. You may need to readdress your replies instead of letting your mailer do it for you. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: BITNET & EARN -------------------------------------------------- To: user%host.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU ! CUNY gateway -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: COMPUSERVE -------------------------------------------------- To: user@compuserve.com Ex: Send to user 74055,412 (PC WORLD) on Compuserve-mail To: 74055.412@compuserve.com Note: Note that the "," (comma) in the compuserve user ID must be changed to a "." (period) when including in an internet address. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: DECNET -------------------------------------------------- To: user%host.SPAN@LONGS.UCAR.EDU ! NSF Gateway/NCAR To: user@host.dnet.nasa.gov ! New GSFC Gateway To: user%host.dnet@east.gsfc.nasa.gov ! New GSFC Gateway To: user@host.span.nasa.gov ! AMES Gateway To: user%host.SPAN@AMES.ARCNASA.GOV To: user%host.SPAN@WITCH.JPL.NASA.GOV ! JPL Gateway -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: FIDONET -------------------------------------------------- To: Firstname.Lastname@Fnodenumber.Nnet.Zzone.FIDONET.ORG To: Firstname.Lastname@Ppoint.Fnodenumber.Nnet.Zzone.FIDONET.ORG Ex: To send mail to Mickey Mouse at Fidonet address 1:10/101 TO: Mickey.Mouse@f101.n10.z1.fidonet.org Ex: To send mail to Minnie Mouse at Fidonet address 1:27/101.3 TO: Minnie.Mouse@p3.f101.n27.z1.fidonet.org Note: Fido addresses are in the form: #:##/### Ex: 1:10/101 To create an Internet address from a Fidonet address, start with the login name. If the login name includes both first and last name, separate them with a "." character, then add an "@". The three Fidonet numbers are *reversed*, then prefixed with f, n, and z. Ex: 1:10/101 => f101.n10.z1 If the Fidonet address includes a point number other than zero, a Ppoint number is added with a 'p' prefix. Ex: 1:27/101.3 => p3.f101.n27.z1 After the encoded numbers, add ".fidonet.org". -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: MCIMAIL -------------------------------------------------- To: userid@mcimail.com To: firstname_lastname@mcimail.com Ex: Send to MCI MAIL subscriber Mickey Mouse UserID 101-1001 To: Mickey_Mouse@mcimail.com OR To: 101-1001@mcimail.com Note: Firstname and Lastname are separated by a '_'. It is probably better to use the Userid as opposed to the user's name, since there might be more than one user with the same name. -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: SOVAM TELEPORT USA -------------------------------------------------- To: user@sovusa.com Ex: Send to SOVAM TELEPORT USA user Mickey To: Mickey@sovusa.com -------------------------------------------------- FROM: MCIMAIL TO: COMPUSERVE -------------------------------------------------- To: username (EMS) EMS: compuserve MBX: compuserve ID Ex: Send to Compuserve user PC World, ID: 74055,412 To: PC World (EMS) EMS: compuserve MBX: 74055,412 -------------------------------------------------- FROM: MCIMAIL TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: username (EMS) EMS: internet MBX: Full InterNet address Ex: Send to INTERNET user MICKEY MOUSE mickey@disney.world.com To: Mickey Mouse (EMS) EMS: internet MBX: mickey@disney.world.com -------------------------------------------------- FROM: INTERNET TO: UUNET -------------------------------------------------- To: alpha!user@uunet.uu.net beta!alpha!user@uunet.uu.net Ex: The uucp connection from UUNET to the destination host (alpha) must exist or, a uucp path from UUNET to the destination host (uunet!beta!alpha) must exist. Send to user Mickey at UUCP host ALPHA To: alpha!Mickey@uunet.uu.net beta!alpha!Mickey@uunet.uu.net -------------------------------------------------- FROM: SOVAM TELEPORT USA TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: user@host.domain Ex: Send to user Mickey at INTERNET host disney.world.com To: Mickey@disney.world.com -------------------------------------------------- FROM: UUNET TO: INTERNET -------------------------------------------------- To: uunet!user@host.domain alpha!beta!uunet!user@host.domain Ex: A uucp connection from the originating host to UUNET must exist or, or a uucp path from the originating host to UUNET (alpha!beta!uunet) must exist. Send to user Mickey at INTERNET host disney.world.com To: uunet!Mickey@disney.world.com alpha!beta!uunet!Mickey@disney.world.com ======================================================================== Getting Files by Mail ======================================================================== OK, now you can send mail all over, now what? Well, you are able to get files through your e-mail account. Here's how. There are several servers that will do this for you, each with its own set of commands, so I'll just refer you to a document that will explain it all. Send an INTERNET mail message to mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu with 'send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources' in the body. This simple command will send you a rather large text file on finding, getting, and subscribing to files on the INTERNET through e-mail. Some of the topics included are Archie, Trickle Servers, LISTSERVs, and more.