Archive-name: greek-faq/technicalãLast-modified: 1993/03/26ããSoc.Culture.Greek Frequently Asked Questions and Answersã========================================================ã(Technical Information)ã=======================ãLast Change: 26 Mar 1993ããMany FAQs, including this one, are available on the archive siteãpit-manager.mit.edu (alias rtfm.mit.edu) [18.172.1.27] in the directoryãpub/usenet/news.answers.  The name under which a FAQ is archived appearsãin the Archive-name line at the top of the article.ãThis FAQ is archived as greek-faq/technicalããThere's a mail server on that machine. You send a e-mail message toãmail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu  containing the keyword "help" (withoutãquotes!) in the message body.ãããItems Changed:ã--------------ãã6. Greek fonts into X Windowsã--ããLines which got changed, have the `#' character in front of them.ãAdded lines are prepended with a `+'ãRemoved lines are just removed. Use 'diff' to locate these changes.ããI have included my comments within braces '[' and ']'.ããNikolaos Fotisãã========================================================================ããThis text is (C)Copyright 1992, 1993 of Nikolaos C. Fotis. You can copyãfreely this file, provided you keep this copyright notice intact.ããCompiled by Nikolaos (Nick) C. Fotis, e-mail: nfotis@theseas.ntua.grããPlease contact me for updates,corrections, etc.ããDisclaimer: that's only a hasty collection of texts and information as Iã(or other people) remember it, so this file is worth only what you paidãfor it (and even less! ;-) )ãã========================================================================ããFirst, I wish to thank publicly the following people:ããSpiros Triantafyllopoulos <c23st@kocrsv01.delcoelect.com>ãP." Iatroudakis           <ccav82@ccsun.strath.ac.uk>ãAchilles Voliotis         <achilles@theseas.ntua.gr>ãYiannis Moschovakis       <ynm@math.ucla.edu>ããfor their help in making the initial list more clear and complete.ããSecond, that's only a hasty collection of texts and information as Iã(or other people) remember it, so this file is worth only what you paid for itã(and even less! ;-) )ããSubjects:ã=========ã1. What is the Soc.Culture.Greek newsgroup??ã        a. Newsgroup charter  [ who has a copy ???]ã        b. Network etiquette.ã        c. How does one receive soc.culture.greek without USENET access??ã2. What's needed in order to have Greek characters in my computer?ã        a. PCsã        b. PCs with MS Windowsã        c. Macã        d. Otherã3. Internet/BITNET/UUCP University sites in Greece?ã4. What standards exist for inclusion of Greek characters into ASCII text?ã5. How do I write greek with troff/TeX/WP/... ??ã6. Greek fonts into X WindowsããProposed future subjects:ã[ Please send me info to stuff these subjects!! -- nfotis]ãã Is there any decent backgammon program?ã[any ideas/info/... ??]ãã==============ããI ask the people to send me stuff in order to make this file moreãcomplete. I'm just a kind of editor, and I cannot know everything.ããYOU'll determine if this FAQ is good or not!ãã==============ãã1. What is the Soc.Culture.Greek newsgroup??ã============================================ããa. Newsgroup charter.  [ who has a copy ???]ã---------------------ããb. Network etiquette.ã---------------------ã[ Excerpted from Eugene Miya's Draft FAQ in comp.graphics.visualization: ]ããWe assume you have read news.announce.newusers and that you understandãnetwork informalities.  This group is not moderated, and this is oneãexperiment in self-moderation (education).ããIf you have questions, ask you system administrator.  If you are the systemãadministrator, use MAIL, and ask your net neighbors.ããDo not post TESTS here.  Special testing groups exist to acknowledge yourãposts.  Test in misc.test, or in your locale: e.g., ba.test, ca.test, na.test,ãetc.ããSome people believe the charter should be posted.  The name of the groupãshould sufficiently convey the purpose of this group.ããFlame wars: 1) Flame using mail.  Failing that 2) Cut down on the numberãof groups in your Newsgroups: line.  3) Use Followup-To: a line withãfewer newsgroups.  Make certain you read all posts before responding, the netãis asynchronous enough as it is: the History of Dumb posts includes suchãtitles asã"What time is it?"  "The Space Shuttle blew up!" and "California just had anãearthquake."  See your local broadcast news.ããAttribution: (Those lines frequently beginning with ">")  MINIMIZE.ãEspecially: don't post "Me, too" posts after 100 lines of attribution.ãRemove especially long sigatures at the bottoms of posts.ãUse email.  Show that you are intelligent and net savvy in your postings.ãEdit carefully.ãã[If you feel that the ratio of inflammatory or relevant posts is too high forã your tastes, go read the manual of your news reader in the section of killã files. This way, you can customize your news reader to not bother you withã messages from certain people, or which contain particular keywords in theirã headers. This way, you can avoid all the headache associated with such posts -ã not a minor thing - nfotis ]ããc. How does one receive soc.culture.greek without USENET access??ã-----------------------------------------------------------------ããSend a mail with subject "help post" to soc-culture-greek-request@cs.wisc.eduãor do a "finger scg@cs.wisc.edu"ããã2. What's needed in order to have Greek characters in my computer?ã==================================================================ããa. PCsã------ãã[ The following information applies for AT-like PCs. For PS/2s, thingsã are somewhat different, but I don't know many details -- nfotis ]ããFor english in GENERAL, you will have either a software or hardware solution:ããFor Monochrome, Hercules, and CGA your only hope is a Greek Chip CharacterãGenerator. It is usually supplied by the Greek PC vendors. If you buy theãPC elsewhere (i.e. in the US) and bring it to Greece, tough.ããFor EGA/VGA, there are plenty of user-defined fonts around. In Greece,ãyour vendor will typically supply with one, or there are free versions.ãAll it really is is the software version of the Character Chip.ããIn either case, the Greek Characters take over the high bytes (128+)ãof the extended ASCII set the PC uses and replace the funny symbolsãumlauts, funny puncuation, etc) with Greek letters. In the first case itãis done in hardware, second in software. Then there is a TSR program loadedãat boot time that switches (i.e. ALT-SHIFT toggles between the two.ãThis program is also supplied by the vendor.ããA third SLOW case for CGA/Herc machines is to use SOFT fonts, i.e. charactersãdone in graphics mode. Extremely slow but inexpensive. A good SharewareãGreek word processor works that way. Details below.ããThis way you get to type greek to programs like text editors. When the textãis saved (extended or 8 bit text) you'll see the funny characters thatãGreek is represented by.ããSame deal with printers, i.e. the PRINTER character chip will have the extendedãascii set to include Greek. So when you print a file using DOS print, it willãcome up OK. Alternatively, printers that handle soft (downloadable) fonts,ãcan download the fonts and then you print as usual.ããA good word processor for Greek (and many other non english languages) isãINTEXT12. It can be found at various US ftp sites (oak.oakland.edu underãeditors directory). Accepts the common denominator (herc/cga) and uses softãfonts. Works OK for things like letters etc though I would not try anythingãlike a college thesis with it.ããCommercial systems:ãFor more $$$, you can buy NOTA BENE (i believe) which has a very good Greekãmode for $500 or so. Several small vendors advertise Greek WP systems typicallyãin the back of, say, PC Magazine or Byte. Prices are in the $150-$500 range.ãAlso, the WordPerfect distributor here has made a Greek version of the softwareãand the manuals. PCwrite also does works well with Greek letters.ããb. PCs with MS Windowsã----------------------ããWinGreek (1.7 is the latest version): Greek-Hebrew Fonts/Accenter/Conv CCATãfor Win3. It's shareware and includes:ãã-Screen Fonts for Hercules, EGA, VGA & 8514ã-Printer fonts for 9pin & 24pin Printers, HP LaserJets & Postscript.ã-Utilities for Entering Accents (European Languages & Greek) andã      Converting between File Formats (WinGreek <=CCAT).ããNew in version 1.8: New Greek Font and New Versions of Utilities.ããNew in version 1.7: Coptic / Greek / Hebrew TrueType Font for Windows 3.1ã                    TrueType For All Printers Supported by Windows 3.1.ããauthor: Peter Gentry <peter@artsci.utoronto.ca>ããSeveral font vendors also supply their own fonts with ATM and TrueType. You canãalso use the SYMBOL fonts which looks kind of silly (i.e. troff) but worksãif everything else fails.ããWith the advent of Windows 3.1, the existing problem of printing toãIBM-speaking printers will be eliminated via the downloaded font system.ã(The printers here in general know only the old IBM-PC character set, whileãthe MS Windows had ELOT-928 - you may guess the confusion that arose andãthe need for more filters ;-) )ããc. Macã------ãã  Simple: Get the machine from Greek dealers! The MacOS is completelyãhellenizedã(menus, messages, etc.) and basic applications are also hellenized andãavailableãwith Greek font support (eg. MS Word).ããIn general, you press the left-clover and Space keys to toggleãbetween Greek and English keyboard.ãã  The 'left-clover' key  is known in the Mac community as 'Command'ãkey. The trick should also work with the right Command-key on the AppleãExtended Keyboard. What happens when you do this is that you toggle theã'Keyboard' cdev (control device) from english to the local language. Thisãresides in the System Folder, and in theory you could rotate between moreãthan two keyboard mappings--e.g., greek, english, german and spanish. Withãsystem 7 there is the inherent capability to include all availableã'Keyboard' resources in a menu on the right side of the menu-bar of theãFinder, so that one could change the current setting easily. This has notãyet been fully implemented. If and when it does it will not affect theãindividual application resources, in other words applications that are notãhellenized will not automatically become so.ããFrom what I know, the Greek Apple dealers use a special set of ROMs,ãsoooo... they may put such a set on your machine, but not for free!ããd. Otherã--------ããAmiga: there was a half-hearted attempt to implement Greek character setsãin the upper 128 positions. I don't know the current status of affairs inãthis matter.ãã[ A netter offered his additions : ]ãThe Amiga always supported different fonts. I always write my greek lettersãin a symbol font. But there are programs that support Adobe fonts and importãfonts from the MAC and IBM line of computers.ãOn top of that it is very easy to edit your own font.ãUsing most terminal programs is a question of selecting a menu entry andãyou can get a diffrent font display on screen. Amiga also supports LaTex,ãPostcript.ãAlso on a final note the latest version of the operating system (2.1?) youãcan select the language you want and the Menu entries occur in the languageãyou wish (Translated not just change of fonts), easy script files can beãwritten and a click of a function key and you can swap between fonts.ãSo in general all Word processors, text editors, in fact all softwareãsupports Greek ....ãã[ Other machines?? Anyone who knows more here?? -- nfotis ]ãã3. Internet/BITNET/UUCP University sites in Greece?ã===================================================ããNote: If you don't know how to access eg. a machine in BITNET whileãyou're on the InterNet, call your sysadmins for help. I summarize hereãthe most aften asked question:ããQ: I want to contact a person in , eg. GRPATVX1 in BITNET. How do I sendã        mail to user@GRPATVX1 ?ãA: Send the mail via a BITNET-InterNet gateway site, eg. via rice.edu as:ã        user%GRPATVX1.BITNET@rice.eduã  Another good guess is a BITNET site close to the national BITNET gateway, eg.ã        user%GRPATVX1.BITNET@ariadne.csi.forth.gr (via the Greek Inet gateway)ããSimilarly for registered Greek UUCP sites, use:ãã        user%site.uucp@ariadne.csi.forth.grããI want to stress that this is a usual *kludge* (ie. de facto usage). Don'tãexpect a BITNET site to use exactly these conventions. Use FAX/Phone to make anãinitial contact with the sysadmins or the person you want to contact.ããa. InterNet sitesã-----------------ããStelios Sartzetakis <stelios@csi.forth.gr> is the administrator of theãnational Internet gateway (ariadne.csi.forth.gr [139.91.1.1]) locatedãin the CS Institute in Crete. I'll ask him to send me a map of theãmajor Internet sites in Greece, so don't bother him asking for itã(please!).ãOne of the major sites that are connected via the ariadne to the Internetãis NTUA (or Athens Polytechnic, or EMP, or... well, I think you understandãwhat we are ;-) ), via the machine theseas.ntua.gr [147.102.1.1] .ããPLEASE NOTE: We are on a VERY SLOW SL/IP line at about 10 Kbits, so don'tãswamp unnecessarily our line with 'ftp', 'telnet', 'finger', etc.etc.ããMajor addition: Aristoteleion Univ. of Thessaloniki is alsoãon the Internet!ããName:    olymp.ccf.auth.gr (VAX 9000)ãAddress:  155.207.1.1ããName:    ossa.ccf.auth.gr (IBM 4381)ãAddress:  155.207.1.2ãããThere's also an X.25 network called network ARIADNE. The network is basedãat NRC Demokritos, and they are gatewayed to the InterNet via the machineãleon.nrcps.ariadne-t.gr [143.233.2.1]. NTUA has also a connection to thisãnetwork via PADs.ãIn the machine isosun.nrcps.ariadne-t.gr [143.233.1.1] there's also anãaccount "pythia" (no passwd), which runs a BBS-like information systemãabout the ARIADNE network.ããb. BITNET/EARN sitesã--------------------ããI have found an article from schmuck@rhrk.uni-kl.de (Karl Schmuck [Bib])ãlast November, which described the results of a search in theãbitearn-database at listserv@dearn.bitnet.ãI have edited it somewhat, but I left (I hope) all the necessary informationãinside. Note that some of these machines have also InterNet addressesã(at least for mail)ãã/* here's his query */ã> sel * in bitearn where country contains grã--> Database BITEARN, 12 hits.ããNode: ARIADNEãInternet: ariadne.csi.forth.grãNodedesc: FORTH-Computer Science InstituteãP_dakosmid: Damianos Kosmidis;Damian@ariadne;+30 81 229302,229368ãP_dkosmidi: Damianos Kosmidis;Damian@ariadne;+30 81 221171,229368ãP_ssartzet: Stelios Sartzetakis;STELIOS@ARIADNE;+30 81 229302,221171ãNetop: p_dakosmidãUseradm: p_ssartzetãPhone: +30 81 229302ãFax: +30 81 229342ããNode: GRATHDEMãA_member: Computer Center;153 10 Agia Paraskeuei Attikis;Athens GreeceãAdmin: p_akostopoãDir: p_aarviliaãNodedesc: EKEFE-DemokritosãP_aarvilia: ALEXIS ARVILIAS;AMBER@GRATHDEMãP_akostopo: A. Kostopoulos;KOSTOP@GRATHDEMããNode: GRATHUN1ãA_member: University of Athens,;Computer Center,  Building T.Y.P.A;UniversityãCampus;Ilissia, Athens, GreeceãAdmin: p_sgrathunãDir: p_svanakarãNodedesc: University of AthensãP_sgrathun: STAVROS GRATHUN1;STAVROS@GRATHUN1;+30 1 7226895ãP_svanakar: Stavros Vanakaris;STAVROS@GRATHUN1;+30 1 7248470ãP_00000001: STAVROS;STAVROS@GRATHUN1ãP_00000004: INSTALL;INSTALL@GRATHUN1ãNetop: p_00000004ããNode: GRCRUN11ãNodedesc: University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GreeceãP_operator: Operator;OPERATOR@GRCRUN11;+30 81 232156 ext.26ãP_ptzortza: P. Tzortzakis;POSTMAST@GRCRUN11;+30 81 232357ãP_00000001: POSTMAST;POSTMAST@GRCRUN11ãNetop: p_operatorãUseradm: p_ptzortzaããNode: GRCRVAX1ãA_member: University of Crete;Ampelokipi;Heraklion, Crete;GreeceãAdmin: p_jfragiadãDir: p_jfragiadãNodedesc: University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, GreeceãP_jfragiad: J. Fragiadakis;JFRAGIAD@GRCRVAX1;+30 81 232357ãNetop: p_operatorãInternet: minos.cc.uch.grããNode: GREARNãA_member: Research Center of Crete;P.O. Box 527;Heraklion, Crete;GreeceãAdmin: p_ptzortzaãDir: p_sorphanoãInternet: grearn.csi.forth.grãNodedesc: Foundation of Research and Technology HellasãP_operator: Operator;OPERATOR@GREARN;+30 81 232156 ext.26ãP_ptzortza: P. Tzortzakis;PANTELIS@GREARN;+30 81 232357ãP_sorphano: S. Orphanoudakis;ORPHICS@GREARN;+30 81 210057ãP_00000001: POSTMAST;POSTMAST@GREARNãNetop: p_operatorããNode: GRGBOXãInternet: grgbox.csi.forth.grãNodedesc: FORTH-Computer Science InstituteãP_00000001: Pantelis Tzortzakis pantelis;Pantelis Tzortzakisãpantelis@grearn.bitnetãP_00000002: Pantelis Tzortzakis   Pantelis;Pantelis Tzortzakis  ãPantelis@Grearn.bitnet +30 81 232357ãTechinfo: p_00000001ãUseradm: p_00000001 p_00000002ãPhone: +30 81 232357ãFax: +30 81 239735ããNode: GRIMBBãNodedesc: Institute of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyãP_00000001: SYSTEM;SYSTEM@GRIMBBãUseradm: p_00000001ãInternet: Nefelh.cc.uch.grããNode: GRIOANUNãA_member: University Campus;Dourouti;GR 45110 Ioannina; GREECEãAdmin: p_paslanisãDir: p_sdanieloãMember: UNiversity of IoanninaãP_paslanis: Panos J. Aslanis;UOIC02@GRIOANUN;30-651-91298ãP_sdanielo: Stylianos Danielopoulos;E270A01@GRIOANUN;30-651-91807ãP_00000003: CDCE;CDCE@GRIOANUNãNetop: p_00000003ããNode: GRPATEIãNodedesc: Technological Institute  of PatraãPhone: 30 61  347778ãP_1: Marios Xatziprokopiou;manager@grpatei;+30 61 347778ãSite: Technological Education Institute of PatraãA_site: TEI Patras;Koukouli Patra;GreeceãDir: P_1ãAdmin: P_1ãTechinfo: P_1ãUseradm: P_2ãP_2: ;postmast@grpateiãP_mxatzipr: Marios Xatziprokopiou;manager@grpatei;+30 61 347778ãP_mzatzipr: Marios Xatziprokopiou;manager@grpatei;+30 61 347778ãP_postmast: ;postmast@grpateiããNode: GRPATVX1ãA_member: P.O. BOX 1122, 26110 Patras, GreeceãAdmin: p_kkaranasãDir: p_thadzilaãMember: University of PatrasãNodedesc: Computer Technology Institute, Univ. of Patras, GREECEãP_kkaranas: Kostas Karanasios;NETMGR@GRPATVX1;+30 61 993176ãP_ngrpatvx: NETMGR GRPATVX1;NETMGR@GRPATVX1;+30 61 993176ãP_thadzila: Prof. Thanasis  Hadzilacos;THH@GRPATVX1;+30 61 993176ãNetop: p_ngrpatvxããNode: GRTHEUN1ãInternet: ossa.ccf.auth.gr (155.207.1.2)ãA_member: Aristotelion University;Computer Center;Thessaloniki GreeceãAdmin: p_mgrtheunãDir: p_pargyrakãNodedesc: University of ThessalonikiãP_mgrtheun: MAINT GRTHEUN1;MAINT@GRTHEUN1;+30 31 992843ãP_pargyrak: Panos Argyrakis;CACZ11@GRTHEUN1ãP_00000003: OPERATOR;OPERATOR@GRTHEUN1ãNetop: p_00000003ããc. UUCP sites [ added the catalog here ]ã-------------ããI found a map of UUCP sites in Greece in pit-manager.mit.edu:ã/pub/usenet/comp.mail.maps. Here follows an edited listing:ã(I removed obviously out of date entries, because the last update wasãat 19 Feb '91 -- you can route mail to any of these sites through ariadne)ããariadne:ã(IP gateway also): ariadne.uucp = ARIADNE.BITNETãCheck above for details about ariadne (in the IP nodes list).ããaello:ãDimitris Hatzopoulos, postmaster@aello.uucp, +30 31 269346,ã121 Tsimiski Street, GR-546 21  Thessaloniki, GreeceãFidoNet nodes 2:410/1 2:410/0 2:41/0 - Network Host system for Greece.ãThis is a FidoNet <-> UUCP/Internet gateway site serving the FidoNetãnodes of Greece.  (FidoNet Region 41 - Network 410)ããalgo:ãAlgosystems saãDimitris Verikios, veri@algo.uucp, +30 1 9330551, 9345858, x9352873,ãSygrou 183, Athens, Greece 17121.ãSystems Integrators specialized in UNIX and NetworksãSCO, EXCELAN, CABLETRON, DYNATECH and TATUNG distributor.ããcmsu:ãNational Technical University of AthensãGeorge Vlontakis, george@cmsu.uucp, +30 1 7757401,ãPathsivn 42, Athens, GREECEããctc:ãComputer Technologies Company (ctc)ãSakis Psonis, Melanippi Chryssoulaki, postmaster@ctc.uucp, +30 1 6550574,ãx6570676,ã452, Mesogion Avenue, 153 42 - Athens, GREECEããdias:ãComputer Technology Institute (cti)ãKostas Karanasios, netmgr@ermhs.uucp, +30 61 993176, x991909,ãP.O. Box 1122, 261 10 Patras, Greeceãdias.uucp == GRPATVX1.BITNET; CTI's Network Mail Gateway to EARNãConnected via GREARN; Help : postmaster@cti.grããeetaa:ãHellenic Agency for Development & Local Government saãpostmaster@athina.uucp, +30 1 3646937,ãSolonos 10, 10672, Athens, Greeceããelsyp:ãHellenic Information Systems saãSavvidis S. Dimitrios, Matzarakis Dimitrios, postmaster@elsyp.uucp,ã+30 1 6820020, 6820017, x6811555, Kifisias 16, Marousi, Athens 151 25, Greeceããepstech:ãEpsion SoftwareãAkis Fytas, akis@epstech.uucp, +30 1 9421707, 9427719,ã377 Syngrou Avenue, P. Faliro, GR-17564, Athens, GreeceãSoftware House specialized in XENIX/UNIX applicationsããermhs:ãComputer Technology Institute (cti)ã(read dias' entry above)ãCTI's Network Mail Gateway to EUnet; Help : postmaster@cti.grããevelyn:ãBetaTech Engineering AssociatesãSotiris Vassilopoulos, postmaster@evelyn.uucp, +30 1 9912570, x9953378,ãAl. Ikonomou 4, 167 77 - Helleniko, Greeceããgget:ãGeneral Secretariat of Research & TechnologyãDimitrios Papaioannou, Marinos Skolarikos, dpap@mrtath.uucp, msko@mrtath.uucpã+30 1 7714162, 14-18 Mesogeion Avenue, Athens 115 10, GREECEããintra:ãIntrasoft sa, Res & Dev DepartmentãVassilis Kolias, vassilis@intra.uucp, +30 1 7751158, 7701692(int.50), x7782444,ã2 Messogion Str., Athens Tower, 11527 Athens, Greeceããmrtath:ãGeneral Secretariat of Research & Technology (read gget's entry above)ããsirius:ãTechnical University of Crete, Lab of Dynamic Systems and SimulationãVangelis Voudourakis, vangelis@mira.uucp, +30 821 20898,ãAg. Markou st., Chania, Crete, Greece 73132ããstatik:ãNtua, Institute of Structural Analysis and Aseismic ResearchãVlasis Koumousis, Panos Georgiou, postmaster@statik.uucp, +30 1 7784603,ãx7784603,ãHeroon Polytecneiou, Zografou, Athens, 157 73, GREECEããsungr:ãAtko saãTasos Pikounis, Kostas Matrozos, tpik@sungr.uucp, ksyr@sungr.uucp,ã+30 1 7785950, 7784967, x7798849, 74 Mesogeion Ave., Athens 153 42, GREECEããvergina:ãDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of ThessalonikiãDimitris Mitrakos, Michael Strintzis, postmaster@vergina.UUCP, +30 31 219784ã219783,ãThessaloniki 54006, GreeceãGreek Academic Research Network ARIADNEt address (X.25) 1310010003ããomalos:ãTechnical University of Crete, ChaniaãManolis Fragonikolakis, fm@omalos.uucp, +30 821 64846,ãAg. Markou st., Chania, Crete, Greece 73132ããxanthi:ãDemocritus University of ThraceãChristos Chamzas, chamzas@xanthi.uucp, +30 541 26478,ãXanthi, Greece GR 67100ããcteam:ãCOMPTUTER TEAM saãVALI LALIOTI, vali@cteam.uucp, +30 31 548012, 535312, 546547, FAX 544844ãKaratasou 7, THessaloniki, Greece 546 26ãSystems Integrators specialized in AIX and Networks (NOVELL)ãDevelopment of Software aplications in AIX, DOS, NOVELLãIBM PS/2, NOVELL, RISC 6000, INTERMEC distributorããlesbos:ãPanayiotis Papachiou, pnp@lesbos.uucp postmaster@lesbos.uucp, +30 251 26981ãG. Kortesi 73, Kallithea, Mytilene, Greece 81100ããach:ãApple Center HeraklioãMaria Troullinou, postmaster@ach.uucp, +30 81 242080,ãCrysostomou 26, Heraklion, Crete, Greece 71110ããambit:ãAmbit LtdãJohn Kozatsas, postmaster@ambit.uucp, +30 1 9950152ã5, Polemistwn str. GR-164 52 Argyroupolis, Athensããã4. What standards exist for inclusion of Greek characters into ASCII text?ã==========================================================================ããNOTE: The greek typewriter character set is (assuming you follow theãGreek alphabet):ãã     a b g d e z h u i k l m n j o p r s t y f x c vããand `w' (lower-case only) is final sigma.ããAlso there are accents and diaeresis marks in Greek. Your keyboard driverãshould provide for those special characters.ã[I don't know if it's a standard (I think so, I never saw a mention)]ããFor 7-bit transmission: there's an ELOT standard, but we don't bother with it,ãsince we use always 8-bit ASCII (at least between us).ããFor 8-bit characters, there are 3 standards:ãa. ELOT-928. It was assigned an ISO number(ISO8859-7), so its anãinternational and official standard.ãHere in NTUA, we use it in our Unix machines (because it didn'tãinterfere with 'vi' metacharacters, as I was told ;-) )ãNotice that this standard concerns ONLY the storage of 8-bit text files,ãie. it doesn't bother with keyboard mapping, etc. Besides the characterãencodings, it provides also an escape sequence when you're switchingãto/from it.ããb. The de-facto standard: IBM PC character set [ 437 ]. The dealersãsettled early enough on a standard 8-bit ASCII set for both Greek andãEnglish letters.ãUnfortunately, they didn't standardize on the combination of keys thatãwas necessary to activate the TSR programs, etc. It's a simple matter toãmake a program that converts between the ELOT-928 and this format andãvice versa (in fact, we use such a program to transfer Greek filesãbetween UNIX and PCs).ããc. When IBM introduced PS/2s, there was a provision for Greek letters inãtheir character sets. Unfortunately, in their infinite wisdom, they decidedãto make it incompatible with the existing standards, either the de-factoãIBM or the ELOT-928. So the term IBM-compatible took a new meaningã(sarcasm indended). In any case, I suppose there are converters betweenãthese character sets.ããd. Mac: YAS (Yet Another Standard). The programmer who wants to use Greekãletters in his program, faces a strange character set (as told by others).ãAs a user, because you're buying from one source, there's no big trouble.ãThere's at least one converter between all these formats (Chameleon), butãI don't have recent news here.ãNote: Apple had 2 different versions of the Greek alphabet implemented, soãbe sure to get the latest ROM revisions if you want to run a hellenizedãapplication.ãã[ Others?? ]ãã5. How do I write greek with troff/TeX/WP/... ??ã================================================ããIf you don't have any way to find Greek fonts, use the Symbol font.ãIt works, albeit as a last resort.ããTeX: I heard that there's a pre-version 3.0, 7-bit Greek font, somewhereãin the princeton.edu [128.112.128.1] anonymous FTP area. Silvio Levyãis the author. Also, John Charalambous has written an 8 bit version ofãLevy's font. Both fonts are at least on ymir.claremont.eduã[134.173.4.23] - a VMS machine.ããYiannis Moschovakis <ynm@math.ucla.edu> has written an upgrade of theã7-bit fonts for TeX 3.0 and up. His package makes possible to use anãIBM Greek text file as input to TeX 3.0 (I haven't used it yet).ããThis package is available at math.ucla.edu (128.97.4.254), directoryãpub/greektex.ãã[ Added by a netter ]ãThe Package KDgreek is a complete implementation of fonts and macrosãfor TeX and LaTeX with sample files, examples and style file forãtypesetting modern and ancient greek.ãA variety of fonts in different maginification is included.ãIt is used mainly in Europe and is available in Europian ftp sites. Homeãsiteã        sappho.doc.ic.ac.uk     (146.169.21.14)ã        /pub/tex/kdgreekNEW.tar.ZãAlternative sitesã        uk.ac.tex (The European TeX Archive)ã        src.doc.ic.ac.uk (The UKUUG archive)ãas well as in other minor sites.ããThe package works under UNIX and DOS and the PC (archiving) version includesãfiles for emtex as well as a filter for the "standard" IBM extended asciiãgreek font. For an extensive description of the package see discussionsãin comp.text.tex (announcement of first release late 1991 and newer releasesãand bug fixes 1992).ããBTW the fonts are 8-bit and work with most of the comercial or public domainãfont previewers or printing software.ããThere's also 1 commercial font [who? where? how much??]ããTroff: We have a set of plain Greek (ie. no italics, no boldfaces, etc.)ãTo be more specific, a program here reads ELOT-928 text, and, when itãencounters a Greek character, it spits out a set of Troff commands.ãObviously, it's a hack, but It works. I would like to see a more generalãsolution, though.ãNOTE: There's an effort here to make a better (and documented) solutionãfor Unix and X11 or vt220's. You'll read an announcement when its inãa distributable state.ããWordPerfect: Even before there existed a Greek dealer, WP had support forãGreek letters in its 3-byte format. I don't know more details, but you'llãget best results if you get one of these Word Processing packages fromãGreece.ãã6. Greek fonts into X Windowsã==============================ããFrom: phdye+@cs.cmu.edu (Philip Dye)ãNewsgroups: comp.graphics,brown.graphicsãSubject: Re: Is there a way to get Greek fonts into ``idraw''?ãã---ã>Does anyone know how Greek characters can be brought into idraw?ã>I am trying to draw figures for a paper and am frustrated byã>the lack of support for using Greek letters in the figures inã>the program idraw.ã>       -Alan Arehartã>        aba@lems.brown.eduããIdraw (like all x applications) uses the 'X Logical Font Description' forãspecification of screen fonts.  Using this specification one includes enoughãinformation for the X server to locate a font.  To get a list of theãavailable fonts from a given server use the 'xlsfont' command.  So toãdetermine a specification for the Adobe Symbol one might use the following:ãã  % xlsfonts | grep -i symbolãã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--10-100-75-75-p-61-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--11-80-100-100-p-61-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--12-120-75-75-p-74-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--14-100-100-100-p-85-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--14-140-75-75-p-85-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--17-120-100-100-p-95-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--18-180-75-75-p-107-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--20-140-100-100-p-107-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--24-240-75-75-p-142-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--25-180-100-100-p-142-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--34-240-100-100-p-191-adobe-fontspecificã  -adobe-symbol-medium-r-normal--8-80-75-75-p-51-adobe-fontspecificããEach of the above specifies a specific X11 screen font.  As much of theãinformation is common, a simpler specification will still result in preciseãmatch.  For example, '*-symbol-medium-*-240-*' uniquely identifies a font.ãIf the given pattern does not uniquely identify a font, the first availableãfont, as listed by the xlsfonts program, is used.ããIn addition, idraw requires that one specify a postscript font and pointãsize to associate with the screen font.ããAdding the following to your X11 defaults (or resources) will enable forãsymbol font items in idraw.ããidraw*font12:         *-symbol-medium-r-*-100-*      Symbol             10ãidraw*font13:         *-symbol-medium-r-*-120-*      Symbol             12ãidraw*font14:         *-symbol-medium-r-*-140-*      Symbol             14ãidraw*font15:         *-symbol-medium-r-*-240-*      Symbol             24ããFrom: pnevmati@milhouse.cs.wisc.edu (Dionisios N. Pnevmatikatos)ã-----------------------------------ããYou can get the fonts and a xterm resources file fromãbashan.cs.wisc.edu using anonymous ftp.ãã#The relevant files are in the /pub/hellenes/X11.greek directory and areãcalled:ããGterm.rsrc and greekXfonts.sharããã=======================================================================ããEnd of Technical Part of the FAQã-- ãNick (Nikolaos) Fotis         National Technical Univ. of Athens, GreeceãHOME: 16 Esperidon St.,       InterNet : nfotis@theseas.ntua.grã      Halandri, GR - 152 32   UUCP:    mcsun!ariadne!theseas!nfotisã      Athens, GREECE          FAX: (+30 1) 77 84 578ã