Document 0830
 DOCN  M9470830
 TI    Characterization of caprine microglial cells and in vitro infection with
       caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus.
 DT    9409
 AU    Baszler TV; Harwood WG; Lester KL; Davis WC; Knowles DP; Department of
       Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of; Veterinary Medicine,
       Washington State University, Pullman.
 SO    Lab Invest. 1994 Jun;70(6):933-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94285537
 AB    BACKGROUND: Similar to human immunodeficiency virus-1 and simian
       immunodeficiency virus-1, microglial cells in brain tissue are a major
       cell target for infection with caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus
       (CAEV) in vivo. These observations have raised interest in the role of
       microglial cells in the development of lentivirus-induced neurologic
       lesions. To initiate in vitro studies into the pathogenesis of
       encephalomyelitis caused by CAEV, we characterized primary cultures of
       caprine microglia, determined their susceptibility to virus infection,
       and examined the effect of virus infection on class I and class II major
       histocompatibility complex antigen expression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:
       Microglia were examined as adherent cells in purified cultures and as
       nonadherent cells in mixed glial cell cultures, which also contained
       astrocytes and oligodendroglia. The cultured cells were investigated
       with regard to their phenotype, class I and II major histocompatibility
       complex antigen expression, and susceptibility to infection with CAEV
       using light and electron microscopy, enzyme and lectin cytochemistry,
       immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and kinetic analysis of virus
       replication. RESULTS: The cultured microglia had a typical macrophage
       morphology, were actively phagocytic, and expressed macrophage-like
       markers including non-specific esterase, complement receptor CR3, and
       Ricinis communis agglutinin-1. Microglia were highly permissive to CAEV
       infection in vitro as indicated by induction of syncytial cells,
       formation of lentivirus particles, expression of viral antigens, and
       release of high titered infectious virus into culture supernatants. CAEV
       selectively infected microglia in mixed glial cultures but replicated
       less efficiently than in purified microglial cultures; productive
       infection of astrocytes or oligodendrocytes was not detected. There was
       constitutive expression of class I and class II major histocompatibility
       complex antigens on microglia in purified and mixed cultures that was
       not altered significantly by CAEV infection alone. CONCLUSIONS: These
       observations demonstrated that cultured caprine microglial cells had a
       macrophage-like phenotype and were highly permissive to productive CAEV
       infection in vitro. This primary brain culture system is a valuable tool
       to study lentivirus-microglial interactions in the central nervous
       system.
 DE    Animal  Animals, Newborn  Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus,
       Caprine/*PHYSIOLOGY  Cell Membrane/ULTRASTRUCTURE  Cell
       Nucleus/ULTRASTRUCTURE  Cells, Cultured  Comparative Study  Flow
       Cytometry  Goats  HIV-1/PHYSIOLOGY  Lysosomes/ULTRASTRUCTURE
       Microglia/*CYTOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY/ULTRASTRUCTURE  Microscopy, Electron
       Neuroglia/CYTOLOGY  Pinocytosis  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       SIV/PHYSIOLOGY  *Virus Replication  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).