Document 0850
 DOCN  M9470850
 TI    The individual microbiologic effect of three antimycobacterial agents,
       clofazimine, ethambutol, and rifampin, on Mycobacterium avium complex
       bacteremia in patients with AIDS.
 DT    9409
 AU    Kemper CA; Havlir D; Haghighat D; Dube M; Bartok AE; Sison JP; Yao Y;
       Yangco B; Leedom JM; Tilles JG; et al; Division of Infectious Diseases,
       Santa Clara Valley Medical; Center, San Jose, CA 95128.
 SO    J Infect Dis. 1994 Jul;170(1):157-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94284631
 AB    The individual antibacterial activities of clofazimine, ethambutol, and
       rifampin in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia in
       patients with AIDS were determined. Sixty human immunodeficiency virus
       1-infected patients who had at least one blood culture positive for M.
       avium complex were randomized to receive either clofazimine (200 mg),
       ethambutol (15 mg/kg), or rifampin (600 mg) once daily for 4 weeks. Only
       ethambutol resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the
       level of mycobacteremia. The median change in individual baseline colony
       counts was -0.60 log10 cfu/mL after 4 weeks of ethambutol (P = .046). In
       contrast, median changes in individual baseline colony counts were -0.2
       log10 cfu/mL and +0.2 log10 cfu/mL for clofazimine and rifampin,
       respectively (both, P > .4). Ethambutol had greater antibacterial
       activity, as determined by changes in the level of mycobacteremia, than
       either rifampin or clofazimine, supporting its continued use in
       combination with other agents in the treatment of M. avium infection.
 DE    Adolescence  Adult  AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*DRUG THERAPY
       Bacteremia/COMPLICATIONS/*DRUG THERAPY/MICROBIOLOGY  Clofazimine/ADVERSE
       EFFECTS/*THERAPEUTIC USE  Ethambutol/ADVERSE EFFECTS/*THERAPEUTIC USE
       Female  Human  Male  Microbial Sensitivity Tests  Middle Age
       Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/COMPLICATIONS/*DRUG
       THERAPY  Rifampin/ADVERSE EFFECTS/*THERAPEUTIC USE  Support, Non-U.S.
       Gov't  CLINICAL TRIAL  JOURNAL ARTICLE  RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
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