Document 0816
 DOCN  M9480816
 TI    Intracellular activity of roxithromycin used alone and in association
       with other drugs against the Mycobacterium avium complex in human
       macrophages.
 DT    9410
 AU    Rastogi N; Labrousse V; Bryskier A; Institut Pasteur, Point-a-Pitre,
       Guadeloupe, French West Indies.
 SO    Abstr Gen Meet Am Soc Microbiol. 1994;94:9 (abstract no. A-44). Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE ASM94/94313129
 AB    Activity of roxithromycin alone or in association with ethambutol,
       ofloxacin, rifampin, amikacin and clofazimine against 5 clinical
       isolates of MAC (3 from HIV+ and 2 from HIV- patients) growing in human
       macrophages was assessed. Macrophage monolayers were allowed to
       phagocytize bacteria for 4 h at 37 degrees C. After phagocytosis, fresh
       medium containing drugs was refed to infected cells and the
       intracellular bacteria are enumerated 5 days after the drug addition. In
       accordance with our experimental model for determining intracellular
       action of drugs, all the drugs are used at their reported Cmax levels;
       roxithromycin, 10 micrograms/ml; ethambutol, 6 micrograms/ml; ofloxacin,
       5 micrograms/ml; rifampin, 15 micrograms/ml; amikacin, 20 micrograms/ml;
       and clofazimine, 2.5 micrograms/ml. The results were compared with the
       intracellular growth in control, untreated macrophages. A drug used
       alone or in combination was considered bactericidal intracellularly only
       if it effectively reduced the bacterial viable counts in the test
       samples as compared to the initial inoculum. Roxithromycin used alone
       showed bactericidal activity against all the MAC isolates. Its
       combination with rifampin, clofazimine or amikacin was highly
       bactericidal and this bactericidal activity was further enhanced by
       ethambutol.
 DE    Amikacin/TOXICITY  AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*MICROBIOLOGY
       Cells, Cultured  Clofazimine/TOXICITY  Comparative Study
       Ethambutol/TOXICITY  Human  *HIV Seronegativity  *HIV Seropositivity
       Macrophages/MICROBIOLOGY/*PHYSIOLOGY  Mycobacterium avium Complex/*DRUG
       EFFECTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT/  ISOLATION & PURIF  Ofloxacin/TOXICITY
       Phagocytosis  Rifampin/TOXICITY  Roxithromycin/*TOXICITY  MEETING
       ABSTRACT

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).