Document 0526
 DOCN  M9490526
 TI    Unique lentivirus--host interactions: SIVsmmPBj14 infection of macaques.
 DT    9411
 AU    Fultz PN; Zack PM; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at
       Birmingham; 35294.
 SO    Virus Res. 1994 May;32(2):205-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94346054
 AB    The most virulent primate lentivirus identified to date, the simian
       virus SIVsmmPBj14 (SIV-PBj14), is unique not only because it causes
       acute disease and death within days instead of months or years, but also
       because of its replicative and cellular activation properties. The acute
       disease syndrome has many features in common with primary HIV-1 disease,
       but differences in the respective outcomes of these two acute lentiviral
       infections appear to be linked to the rapidity with which SIV-PBj14
       replicates and the high titers of virus that subsequently accumulate in
       lymphoid tissues. The most prominent pathologic feature of SIV-PBj14 is
       extensive lymphoid hyperplasia of T-cell zones, especially in the
       gut-associated lymphoid tissue. These expanded T-cell zones contain a
       high proportion of lymphoblasts, activated macrophages and syncytial
       cells, which are positively correlated with high numbers of SIV
       antigen-positive cells. Replication of the virus to high titers,
       accompanied by extensive cellular activation and proliferation, leading
       to high levels of cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis
       factor-alpha, are consistent with acute inflammatory disease. The
       pathogenesis of SIV-PBj14 also appears to correlate most directly with
       some of its unique biologic properties, such as the ability to replicate
       in resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells, to activate lymphocytes,
       and to induce lymphocyte proliferation. Biologically and molecularly
       cloned viruses derived from SIV-PBj14 and isolates obtained from macaque
       PBj at earlier times, are being used to identify viral determinants that
       influence biologic and pathogenic properties of SIV-PBj14. Further
       characterization of this virus should provide new insights into
       lentivirus-cell interactions and their contributions to disease.
 DE    Animal  Evolution  Gastrointestinal System/PATHOLOGY  Lymphoid
       Tissue/PATHOLOGY  Macaca  Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency
       Syndrome/*ETIOLOGY/PATHOLOGY  Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.  Support,
       U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  SIV/GENETICS/*PATHOGENICITY  Virulence  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).