Document 0167
 DOCN  M94A0167
 TI    Mucosal infection of neonatal rhesus monkeys with cell-free SIV.
 DT    9412
 AU    Baba TW; Koch J; Mittler ES; Greene M; Wyand M; Penninck D; Ruprecht RM;
       Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston,
       Massachusetts 02115.
 SO    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Apr;10(4):351-7. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/94347459
 AB    Although the mechanisms for maternal transmission are unknown,
       approximately half of the infants congenitally infected with the human
       immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seem to become infected late in
       gestation or during delivery. Previously, we have developed a rhesus
       monkey model for congenital infection by injecting cell-free simian
       immunodeficiency virus (SIV) directly into amniotic fluid. Our results
       suggested that fetal infection may have occurred via skin or mucous
       membrane exposure. Mucosal surfaces have also been implicated as a
       portal of virus entry by a study in which the presence of serosanguinous
       fluid in neonatal gastric aspirates correlated with an increased rate of
       HIV-1 transmission. To test whether cell-free virus could transverse
       intact neonatal mucosal surfaces, we administered SIVmac251 orally to
       four rhesus monkey neonates within 1 hr following cesarean section
       delivery. All four neonates developed viremia and were positive by
       cocultivation and PCR. Seroconversion occurred in three of the four
       neonates. The SIV dose given was within physiological range as shown by
       end-point dilution of virus stock and viremic plasma samples of juvenile
       rhesus monkeys. This primate model for mucosal transmission of cell-free
       virus features a high infection rate, thus making studies of mucosal
       immunity and the development of strategies to prevent intrapartum virus
       transmission possible.
 DE    Animal  Animals, Newborn  Base Sequence  Cell-Free System/MICROBIOLOGY
       Cesarean Section  Disease Models, Animal  DNA, Viral/GENETICS  Female
       Human  HIV Infections/CONGENITAL/COMPLICATIONS/TRANSMISSION
       *Maternal-Fetal Exchange  Molecular Sequence Data  Mucous
       Membrane/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY  Pregnancy  Pregnancy Complications,
       Infectious/ETIOLOGY  Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency
       Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/*ETIOLOGY/  TRANSMISSION  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  SIV/GENETICS/*PATHOGENICITY
       Viremia/ETIOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).