Document 3233
 DOCN  M94A3233
 TI    Salivary anti-HIV activity.
 DT    9412
 AU    Nagshunmugam T; Friedman H; Davis C; Abrams W; Malamud D; U. Penn. Dent.
       Med. Phila. 19104.
 SO    Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):122 (abstract no. PA0108). Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94369342
 AB    OBJECTIVE: Human saliva decreases HIV-1 infectivity. Some of this
       inhibition requires filtration and is associated with viral aggregation.
       The present study describes the nature of a second type of salivary
       anti-HIV activity. METHODS: Submandibular saliva was collected from 15
       seronegative individuals. After dialysis and lyophilization, the
       material was incubated with virus for 2-60 min and exposed to
       PHA-stimulated PBMCs for 3 hrs. Cells were washed and incubated for 7
       days and the amount of virus determined by p24 ELISA. Similar
       experiments were carried out with HSV, HIV-2 and SIV. The effects of
       submandibular saliva on the binding of anti-receptor antibodies to PBMCs
       was used to define the site of action of the salivary inhibitor.
       RESULTS: Saliva obtained from several individuals displayed potent
       anti-HIV activity not associated with viral aggregation. Salivary
       inhibition is time and concentration dependent, and appears to be HIV-1
       specific. Little inhibition is seen for HSV, and no inhibition of viral
       infectivity is seen with HIV-2 or SIV. Incubation of PBMCs with
       submandibular saliva at high concentration appears to block the binding
       of anti-receptor antibodies, but at concentrations present in the in
       vitro infectivity assay, no inhibition was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Human
       saliva appears to contain two types of anti-HIV activity. The first type
       only seen after filtration through a nitrocellulose filter, is
       associated with viral aggregation. The second type of activity does not
       require filtration. This latter activity appears to be specific for
       HIV-1, and if active in vivo, could explain the lack of oral
       transmission.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/TRANSMISSION  *Antiviral Agents
       Cells, Cultured  Comparative Study  Human  HIV Seronegativity
       HIV-1/*PHYSIOLOGY/PATHOGENICITY  HIV-2/PHYSIOLOGY
       Lymphocytes/*MICROBIOLOGY  Saliva/*PHYSIOLOGY  Simplexvirus/PHYSIOLOGY
       Submandibular Gland/SECRETION  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       SIV/PHYSIOLOGY  *Virus Replication  MEETING ABSTRACT

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).