Document 3236
 DOCN  M94A3236
 TI    Induction of demyelination and neuronal death by HIV-1 gp120 depends on
       neural development.
 DT    9412
 AU    Kimura-Kuroda J; Nagashima K; Yasui K; Tokyo Metro. Inst. for Neurosci.,
       Japan.
 SO    Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):122 (abstract no. PA0107). Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94369339
 AB    OBJECTIVE: In HIV encephalopathy, diffuse demyelination and neuronal
       loss have been observed frequently, while the pathogenesis remains
       obscure. Although the neurotoxicity of gp120 as a causative factor has
       been reported, it is still not recognized. To clarify the neurotoxicity
       of gp120, its effects on neural cells were examined using rat primary
       culture of cerebral cortex at different developmental stages. METHODS:
       Cerebral cortex culture was prepared from 18 day embryonic rats. Detail
       was described in our previous paper (Kimura-Kuroda et al, 1994, Arch.
       Virol. in press). RESULTS: In immature neural cells, (1-3 days in
       culture), gp120 bound to most neurons and the addition of gp120 caused
       approximately 50% of neuronal death. The toxicity of gp120 against
       neurons was confirmed its own effect but not due to the contamination of
       endotoxin or mycoplasma. While in mature neural cells (4-7 weeks in
       culture), addition of gp120 did not show any toxicity against neurons,
       but it resulted in significant inhibition of myelin formation. By the
       addition of gp120, the number of oligodendrocyte was not different but
       their processes were reduced in length and arborization. This indicates
       that gp120 might cause a functional disorder of oligodendrocyte.
       DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION: Gp120 might have at least two separate effects
       on oligodendrocytes and neurons under certain developmental conditions.
       The effects of HIV-1 gp120 can explain both neuronal loss and diffuse
       demyelination in HIV encephalopathy.
 DE    Animal  Cell Death/*DRUG EFFECTS  Cells, Cultured  Cerebral
       Cortex/*CYTOLOGY  Comparative Study  Embryo  HIV Envelope Protein
       gp120/*TOXICITY  HIV-1/*PHYSIOLOGY  Myelin Sheath/*DRUG
       EFFECTS/PHYSIOLOGY  Neurons/*CYTOLOGY/DRUG EFFECTS/PATHOLOGY
       Oligodendroglia/*CYTOLOGY/DRUG EFFECTS  Rats  Time Factors  MEETING
       ABSTRACT

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
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