Copyright: Mathmate Help: ® SEnSE Ltd., 1994
Citation: SEnSE Mathmate for Windows


General Description

The program Mathmate is a reliable assistant for fast numerical calculations, which is intended first of all for scientists and engineers, but can be used also as a simple calculator. Mathmate calculates, integrates and sums up mathematical expressions and solves equations containing numbers, variables, arithmetical operations, elementary and special functions, mathematical and physical constants.

The main distinguishing feature of Mathmate is a wide set of built-in special mathematical functions (25) which are calculated with the 8 bytes floating point maximum accuracy by effective fast algorithms. This draws Mathmate potentialities close to those of the well - known mathematical handbooks like Handbook of Mathematical Functions  by M.Abramowitz and I.A.Stegun or Tables of Higher Functions  by E.Jahnke, F.Emde and F.Losch.

Mathmate is a product of Science & Engineering Software Experts (SEnSE) Ltd. This information is displayed in the About dialog. To see the developers names click the right mouse button.For more information see:

Integration

Summation

Solving equations

Built-in Constants

Built-in Functions


Contents
Overview

Mathmate capabilities

Built-in constants

Built-in functions

Calculation modes

Evaluating expressions

Integrating expressions

Summing up series

Solving equations

Operation

Entering expressions

Errors in expressions

Initialization

Settings

Mathmate protocol

Protocol file errors

Run-time floating point errors


Entering expressions

Mathmate uses a sort of command line (expression input line) for its performance. This line cannot contain more than 100 symbols.

In the expression input line you can enter and edit mathematical expressions.

Quick samples:

2*2

sqrt(PI)

sin(x^2*t)+z^2+exp(-x)

You can enter an expression either by typing it directly on the keyboard or using Mathmate on-screen keypads.

With the keyboard you just type in an expression, an alternative way is using Mathmate keypad and function panels. When you click keypad buttons the corresponding symbols are typed. To insert a function name click the corresponding button on the function panel (function panel shows the names of elementary functions, when shifted it shows the names of built-in special functions). When you click a function button in the function panel it appears immediately in the expression input line.

Mathmate keypad has the only restriction that it does not allow using identifiers containing letters different from x and y. There's still a large choice: e.g. x, y, xx, yy, xy, yx, xxx, x1, x2, etc. If you want to input other names use the keyboard.

Recent expressions are stored in the history list and may be reenteredby hilighting the corresponding line after opening the input line list box.

Clicking the Clear button or pressing Alt + C clears the input line contents.

Expressions may contain:

decimal numbers (not more than 20): integers, with decimal point and in the exponent form (e.g.,5, 3.14, 1.2e3, 1.2e+3, 1.2e-3 etc.). Note that the uppercase E means the built-in mathematic constant e;

brackets ( );

 arithmetical signs + - * / and power sign ^;

variable identifiers (not more than 10) up to 6 symbols (letters or digits) long. The first symbol must be a letter (for example: x, y1, Delta etc.);

names of built-in functions with arguments separated by commas (e.g., J(n,x));

names of built-in constants.

Blank spaces in the expression are ignored. Lowercase and uppercase letters are interpreted as different symbols.

See also:Errors in expressions


Errors in expressions
Syntax errors in expressions

Before calculation, Mathmate first analyzes the expression. If any syntax error is found, Mathmate displays the corresponding error message (see below) in a message box, hilights the error location in the expression input line and places the caret there.

The following syntax error messages can be displayed:

Too many operations

Too many constants

Too many identifiers

Identifier expected

Expression expected

Operator expected

Too many ')'

Syntax error

Too few ')'

Too many arguments

Too few arguments

Illegal identifier

Too long identifier

Must be function

Unknown function

Unknown symbol


Syntax error 1
Too many operations

The number of operations exceeds 50.Mathmate cannot process such a long input string.Break it into parts.


Syntax error 2
Too many constants

The number of constants exceeds 21.


Syntax error 3
Too many identifiers

The number of identifiers exceeds 10.


Syntax error 13
Too long identifier

The length of identifier exceeds 6 symbols.


Syntax error 12
Illegal identifier

The first symbol of a variable name is not a letter.


Syntax error 14
Must be function

The variable name coincides with that of a built-in function.


Syntax error 15
Unknown function

The function is not a built-in one.


Syntax error 10
Too many arguments

Wrong number of function arguments


Syntax error 11
Too few arguments

Wrong number of function arguments


Syntax error 4
Identifier expected

Illegal sequence of symbols


Syntax error 5
Expression expected

Illegal sequence of symbols


Syntax error 6
Operator expected

Illegal sequence of symbols


Syntax error 7
Too many ')'

Mismatch of numbers of the opening and closing brackets.


Syntax error 9
Too few ')'

Mismatch of numbers of the opening and closing brackets.


Syntax error 16
Unknown symbol

Illegal symbol in expression


Syntax error 8
Syntax error

General syntax error.


Built-in constants

There are several mathematical and physical (CGSE) constants which may be included in Mathmate expressions referenced by names (in capital).

 The names of these constants are reserved and cannot be used as variable names.

You may either type a constant from the keyboard or switch Mathmate numeric keypad to constants keypad by pressing Right Shift and then click the desired button. The name of the constant will be inserted into the expression.

The following constants are available in Mathmate expressions:

(to get help click a constant button)


PI constant
π constant

PI = 3.1415926535898


e constant

E  = 2.7182818284590


GE constant
Euler γ constant

GE = 0.5772156649015


CL constant
Light velocity

CL = 2.997925e+10


EC constant
Electron charge

EC = 4.80325e-10


AN constant
Avogadro number

AN = 6.022169e+23


EM constant
Electron mass

EM = 9.109558e-28


PM constant
Proton mass

PM = 1.672614e-24


HP constant
Planck constant

HP = 1.0545910e-27


AL constant
Fine structure constant α

AL = 7.297351e-3


RY constant
Rydberg constant

RY = 1.09737312e+5


KB constant
Boltzmann constant

KB = 1.380622e-16


GC constant
Gravity constant

GC = 6.6732e-8


MU constant
Bohr magneton

MU = 9.274096e-21


EG constant
Earth gravity constant

EG = 980.665


Built-in functions

Mathmate expressions may include plenty of elementary and special functions including nested calls like

cos(n*arccos(x))

To insert a function name in the expression click the function button on the function panel or simply type in the function name into the expression input string from the keyboard.

The function panel shows all the available Mathmate functions. Here you may click a function button to get information on elementary functions:

If you press Left Shift the function panel will show you the special functions available. For more information choose a desired special function by clicking its name on the picture below:

One must choose functions' arguments with certain care. For more information see also the Run-time errors topic.


Exponential function

More information


Exp function

Mathmate syntax:	exp(x)
Domain:	x is any real


Logarithm function
Natural log (base e)

More information


Logarithm functions

Mathmate syntax:	ln(x), log (x)
Domain:	x is positive real


Log10 function
Decimal log (base 10)

More information


RAD function definition

More information


Rad function

rad function transforms degree angle units to radians.

Mathmate syntax:	rad(x)
Domain:	x is any real


ABS function
Absolute value (modulus)

More information


Abs, Sign, Int, Frac functions

Mathmate syntax:	abs(x), sign(x), int(x), frac(x)
Domain:	x is any real


Sign function
Sign of the argument

More information


Sine function

More information


Trigonometric functions

Mathmate syntax:	sin(x), cos(x)
Domain:	x is any real
Mathmate syntax:	tan(x)
Domain:	x ≠ π(n+1/2),  n integer
Mathmate syntax:	cot(x)
Domain:	x ≠ πn,  n integer

See also:

rad function


Cosine function

More information


Tangent function

More information


Cotangent function

More information


Arcsine function

More information


Inverse trigonometric functions

Mathmate syntax:	asin(x), acos(x)
Domain:	x ∈ [-1, 1]
Mathmate syntax:	atan(x), acot(x)
Domain:	x is any real


Arccosine function

More information


Arctangent function

More information


Arccotangent function

More information


Hyperbolic Sine function
Hyperbolic sine

More information


Hyperbolic functions

Mathmate syntax:	sinh(x), cosh(x), tanh(x)
Domain:	x is any real
Mathmate syntax:	coth(x)
Domain:	x ≠ 0


Hyperbolic Cosine function
Hyperbolic cosine

More information


Hyperbolic Tangent function
Hyperbolic tangent

More information


Hyperbolic Cotangent function
Hyperbolic cotangent

More information


Hyperbolic arcsine function
Hyperbolic arcsine

More information


Inverse hyperbolic functions

Mathmate syntax:	asinh(x)
Domain:	x is any real
Mathmate syntax:	acosh
Domain:	x ≥ 1
Mathmate syntax:	atanh(x)
Domain:	x ∈ (-1, 1)
Mathmate syntax:	acoth(x)
Domain:	x ∉ [-1, 1]


Hyperbolic arccosine function
Hyperbolic arccosine

More information


Hyperbolic arctangent function
Hyperbolic arctangent

More information


Hyperbolic arccotangent function
Hyperbolic arccotangent

More information


Square root

More information


Square root function

Mathmate syntax:	sqrt(x)
Domain:	x ≥ 0


Integer part

More information


Fractional part

More information


Gamma (brief definition)

More information


Gamma function
Γ function

for x>0; this definition is extended to x<0, x ≠ -n according to the formula

Mathmate syntax:	Gamma(x)
Domain:	x ≠ -n, n nonnegative integer
See also:

Incomplete gamma function

Digamma (ψ-function)


UGamma (brief definition)

More information


Incomplete gamma function
Incomplete Γ function

Mathmate syntax:	Ugamma(a,x)
Domain:	a ≠ -n, n nonnegative integer, x positive real
See also:

Gamma function

Digamma (ψ-function)


Psi (brief definition)

More information


Psi function
Digamma function (Euler ψ-function)

Mathmate syntax:	Psi(x)
Domain:	x ≠ -n, n nonnegative integer
See also:

Gamma function

Incomplete gamma


Erf (brief definition)

More information


Error function

Mathmate syntax:	Erf(x)
Domain:	x is any real
See also:

Fresnel integrals


Fresnel cosine (brief)

More information


Fresnel sine (brief)

More information


Fresnel integrals
Sine and Cosine Fresnel integrals

Mathmate syntax:	Fs(x) Fc(x)
Domain:	x is any real
See also:

Error function

Integral sines

Integral cosines


Integral exponential

More information


Integral sine

More information


Integral cosine

More information


Integral log

More information


Integral sinh

More information


Integral cosh

More information


Integral SIN
Integral sines

Integral sine

Integral hyperbolic sine

Mathmate syntax:	Si(x) Shi(x)
Domain:	x is any real
See also:

Fresnel integrals

Integral cosines

Integral exponential and logarithm


COS integrals
Integral cosines

Integral cosine

Integral hyperbolic cosine

where γ is Euler constant

Mathmate syntax:	Ci(x) Chi(x)
Domain:	x>0
See also:

Fresnel integrals

Integral sines

Integral exponential and logarithm


Integral EXP LN
Integral exponential and logarithm

Integral exponential

Mathmate syntax:	Ei(x)
Domain:	x ≠ 0
Integral logarithm

Mathmate syntax:	Li(x)
Domain:	x>0, x ≠ 1
See also:

Fresnel integrals

Integral sines

Integral cosines


Elliptic integral K

More information


Elliptic integral E

More information


Complete elliptic integrals
Complete elliptic integrals E(x) K(x)

x - modulus square

Mathmate syntax:	EllK(x), EllE(x)
Domain:	0≤x≤1
Note:

Sometimes another definition is used where the argument t is modulus (not its square, i.e. t2=x). To obtain the elliptic integral of this argument calculate EllE(sqrt(t)), EllK(sqrt(t)).

See also:

Incomplete elliptic integrals


Incomplete elliptic F

More information


Incomplete elliptic E

More information


Incomplete elliptic integrals
Incomplete elliptic integrals E(ϕ,x) F(ϕ,x)

ϕ - amplitude, x - modulus square

Mathmate syntax:	UellF(phi,x), UellE(phi,x)
Domain:	phi is any real, 0≤x≤1
Note:

Sometimes another definition is used where the argument t is modulus (not its square, i.e. t2=x). To obtain the elliptic integral of  this argument calculate UellE(phi,sqrt(t)), UellF(phi, sqrt(t)).

See also:

Complete elliptic integrals


J (Bessel function)
Bessel function

More information


I (Bessel function)
Bessel function

More information


Y (Bessel function)
Bessel function

More information


K (Bessel function)
Bessel function

More information


Bessel functions
Bessel functions J(n,z) and Y(n,z)

Bessel (cylindric) functions may be defined as solutions of the equation

Bessel function J(n,z)

is the solution which is zero at z=0 (for n>0; J(0,0)=1) and has the following behavior at positive infinity:

It admits the following integral representation:

n-index, z-argument

Mathmate syntax:	J(n,z)
Domain:	n is an integer, z is any real number

Bessel function Y(n,z)

is the solution which is singular at z=0 and has the following behavior at positive infinity:

It admits the following integral representation:

n-index, z-argument

Mathmate syntax:	Y(n,z)
Domain:	n is an integer, z is positive real

Note:

If the index is given as a non-integer number Mathmate rounds it towards negative infinity.

See also:

Spherical functions

Modified Bessel functions


Modified Bessel functions
(Modified) Bessel functions I(n,z) and K(n,z)

The modified Bessel functions may be defined as solutions of the equation

Bessel function I(n,z)

is the solution which is zero at z=0 (for n>0; I(0,0)=1) and has the following behavior at positive infinity:

It admits the following integral representation:

n-index, z-argument

Mathmate syntax:	I(n,z)
Domain:	n is an integer, z is any real number
Bessel function K(n,z) (McDonald's function)

is the solution which is singular at z=0 and has the following behavior at positive infinity:

It admits the following integral representation:

n-index, z-argument

Mathmate syntax:	K(n,z)
Domain:	n is an integer, z is positive real
Note:

If the index is given as a non-integer number Mathmate rounds it towards negative infinity.

See also:

Spherical functions

Bessel functions


Leg functions (brief)
Legendre functions

Legendre functions of first type:

where P(n,x)=P(0,n,x) are Legendre polynomials

More information


Bessel functions
Legendre (Ferrers) functions P(m,n,x)

Legendre functions may be defined as solutions of the equation

When m = 0 one non-degenerate solution is Legendre polynomial:

When m ≠ 0 the solution is given by the formula:

Mathmate syntax:	Leg(n,m,x)
Domain:	m, n are non-negative integers, m< n,x is any real number, |x|< 1
See also:

Cylindric functions


PHI (Kummer function)
Degenerate hypergeometric function Φ(a,b,x)

More information


Degenerate hypergeometric function
Degenerate hypergeometric function Φ(a,b,z)

is the solution of the equation

which admits the following series representation:

Mathmate syntax:	Phi(a,b,z)
Domain:	a,b,z real, b≠-n
See also:

Error function

Integral logarithm

Incomplete gamma function


Sn Jacobi function
Elliptic Jacobi function Sn(x|u)

More information


Cn Jacobi function
Elliptic Jacobi function Cn(x|u)

More information


Dn Jacobi function
Elliptic Jacobi function Dn(x|u)

More information


Jacobi elliptic functions
Sn, Cn, Dn Jacobi functions

Let u be defined by the implicit formula

Then Jacobi elliptic functions are defined as

The following four equations also define the functions uniquely:

u - argument, x - modulus square

Mathmate syntax:	Sn(x,u), Cn(x,u), Dn(x,u)
Domain:	0≤x≤1, u is any real
See also:

Incomplete elliptic integrals


Initialization
Initialization dialog

The purpose of this dialog is to initialize all the parameters necessary to perform the corresponding operation.

The initialization window contains controls for entering operation variable name, precision, upper and lower limits and parameter values if any. The user can operate with the mouse or keyboard independently. For this purpose there is a numeric keypad. To choose the operation variable name open the combo box with the variable names and click the desired one (alternatively, hilight it and press Enter. All the other fields are numeric.

The results of the calculations are displayed in the result window.  There is a status line to give hints for input and to display run-time errors of the  calculations. The user can also view protocol  and call help.

After all the parameters are initialized click the Start button to start calculations. Clicking the same button during the calculations interrupts them. The result is automatically placed onto the Clipboard and can be used by other applications. An entry containing all the calculation data is appended to the protocol.


Integration
Computing integrals

To integrate expression switch Mathmate to integration mode by clicking the Int button. The integration icon appears  to the left of the expression input line like this:

exp(x)

In the integration mode you may calculate (one-dimensional) integrals of expressions with respect to a given integration variable. Other variables of the expression are considered parameters. The choice of the integration variable and initialization of parameters are performed during the initialization dialog.

To integrate expression:

1. Switch the integration mode on by clicking the Int button.

2. Enter an expression, e.g. exp(x)

3. Click Do it! or press Enter.

4. In the initialization dialog enter the
   integration limits.

5. If there are several variables you should point out which
   one will be taken for integration and input values of other
   variables.

If Mathmate detects only one variable in the expression the latter is taken as integration variable by default. You may integrate the same expression again after modifying integration variable name, integration limits and parameter values.

The desired and actual computation accuracy

Numerical integral computation is certainly not an exact procedure and the result may be obtained with more or less accuracy. The desired relative error of integration is defined by the Precision option. However, sometimes the actual error of the result may be different from the given one.

When Mathmate displays the result of integration it also shows the estimated absolute computation errror in the Estimated error window.

Sometimes the Mathmate integration algorithm is unable to reach  the given accuracy. It can happen if the function contains fast oscillations or a singularity near some point X. In these cases Mathmate interrupts calculation and displays the message

Precision not reached, may be singularity near X

When you see such a message first try to analyze if there is a non-integrable singularity point in the neighbouhood or try to decrease the accuracy using the precision option (increasing significant digits is NEVER recommended in case you get the message about a singularity point).

Integration sample

Calculation of the modified Bessel function K(ν, x) with a non-integer index ν by its integral representation.

1. Type in the expression input line:

exp(-x*cosh(t)) * cosh(nu*t)

2. Click the Int button.

3. Click the Do it! button.

4. In the initialization dialog answer Mathmate inquiries:

Integration variable name: t (Enter)

Lower limit: 0  (Enter)

Upper limit: 5  (Enter)

x = 2           (Enter)

nu = 1.5        (Enter)

You obtain immediately:

Result = 0.179907

Estimated error = 2.69103e-08

To verify this result, let us use the exact formula for the modified Bessel function of half-integer index. Input the following expression:

sqrt(PI/(2*x)) * exp(-x) * (1+1/x)

 then click the  button and input the value of x:

x = 2

in the initialization dialog.

You will obtain the same result:

Result = 0.179907


Summation
Summing up series

To calculate a partial sum of a series, switch Mathmate into  summation mode by clicking the Sum button. Then the sum sign appears, e.g.:

1/x

Using this operation you are able to calculate partial sums of series with the given term when the summation variable takes values  within the given limits. On every step the summation variable is incremented by 1 and the value of the expression is added to the result if the summation variable does not exceed the upper summation limit. Summation variable and limits may take non-integer values.

To calculate a sum:

1. Switch the summation mode on by clicking the Sum button.

2. Input an expression, e.g. 1/x

3. Click Do it! or press Enter.

4. In the initialization dialog input the
   summation limits.

5. If there are several variables you should point out which
   one will be taken for the summation.

If Mathmate detects only one variable in the expression the latter is taken as summation variable by default.

Summation sample

Calculation of the modified Bessel function I(ν, x) with a non-integer index ν by its series representation.

1. Type in the expression input line:

(x/2)^(2*m + nu) / ( Gamma(m+1) * Gamma(m+nu+1) )

2. Click the Sum button.

3. Click the Do it! button.

4. In the initialization dialog answer Mathmate inquiries:

 Summation variable name: m (Enter)

 Lower limit: 0  (Enter)

 Upper limit: 10 (Enter)

 x = 2           (Enter)

 nu = 1.5        (Enter)

You obtain immediately:

Result = 1.09947

To verify this result, let us use the exact formula for the modified Bessel function of half-integer index. Input the following expression:

sqrt(2*x/PI) * ( -sinh(x)/x^2 + cosh(x)/x )

then click the  button and input the value of x:

x = 2

in the initialization dialog.

You will obtain the same result:

Result = 1.09947


Evaluation
Evaluating expressions

This is the simplest operation Mathmate performs. Evaluation mode may be turned on by clicking the Eva button. When the evaluation mode is on the evaluation icon is displayed to the left of the expression like this:

2*2

In the evaluation mode you may use Mathmate as a simple calculator in the following way

1. Switch the evaluation mode on by clicking the Eva button.

2. Input an expression, e.g. 2*2

3. Click Do it! or press Enter.

If the expression contains no variables the result is displayed immediately in a special window. The status line reports of errors if any.

If the expression contains variables, e.g. 2*x/y, you may compute the value of the expression under various choices of variable values. In this case Mathmate will ask you to

4. Input variable values in the initialization dialog

If the expression includes values which should be initialized the result appears immediately in the result window of the initialization dialog after you initialize variables and click the Start button or press Enter. To evaluate the same expression again, just modify any desired variables and press Enter.


Equation solution
Finding Roots

Using Mathmate equation mode you can find a root of the equation

EXPRESSION=0

To solve an equation switch Mathmate to equation mode by clicking the Equ button. When you are in the equation mode the equation icon appears to the left of the expression input line like this:

x^2-5*x+6

In the equation mode you may solve the equation relative to only one of the variables which is considered to be unknown. Other variables of the expression are considered parameters and should be defined by the user.

To solve an equation:

1. Switch the equation mode on by clicking the Equ button.

2. Input an expression, e.g. x^2-5*x+6

3. Click Do it! or press Enter.

4. In the initialization dialog input the
   limits of the interval where root is to be searched.

5. If there are several variables you should point out which
   one is unknown and input values of known variables.

If Mathmate detects only one variable in the expression the latter is considered to be unknown by default. You may solve the equation with the same expression again by setting other variable name to unknown, or searching the root in another interval.

If the given interval contains several roots the least of them is found.

Computation accuracy

The value of the root is approximate, the relative error in  the result is defined by the Precision option. However the function value at the given point might be rather huge sometimes.

When Mathmate displays the solution (root) it also shows the expression value at the root point in the Function value window.

Sometimes the Mathmate solution algorithm is unable to reach the given accuracy. It can happen if the  function contains singularity near some point X.  Also, the given interval may contain no solution at all. Then Mathmate interrupts calculation and displays the message

Precision not reached, root not found

If this happens check whether the search interval is set correctly: it probably contains no solution at all.

Solution sample

Calculation of the value of Bessel function zeros

1. Type in the expression input line:

Y(0,x)

2. Click the Equ button.

3. Click the Do it! button.

4. In the initialization dialog answer Mathmate inquiries:

 Summation variable name: m (Enter)

 Lower limit: 12  (Enter)

 Upper limit: 15  (Enter)

You obtain:

Result = 13.3610974738728

Function value = -7.70198e-16


Run-time error messages

To prevent abnormal termination Mathmate intercepts the following run-time errors:

•	floating point math package errors;
•	math library elementary function errors;
•	built-in special functions domain errors

If any such error occurs Mathmate interrupts calculations and displays the corresponding message.

List of run-time error messages

Message	Explanation	Example
Overflow	Too large value	1e200*1e200
Underflow	Too small value	1e-200*1e-200
Division by zero	Division by zero	1/0
Overflow in <func>	Too large value of C math library function <func>	exp(1000)
Underflow in <func>	Too small value of C math library function <func>	exp(-1000)
Domain error in <func>	Intolerable argument of C math library function <func>	ln(-1)
Significant digits loss in <func>	Loss of significant digits in C math library function <func>	sin(1e+50)
Bad argument = x in <func>	Intolerable argument x in the built-in Mathmate function <func>	Y(0, -1)
Bad index n = x in <func>	Intolerable argument x in the built-in Mathmate function <func>	Leg (-1, 1, 0.1)
Bad module = x in <func>	Intolerable argument x in the built-in Mathmate function <func>	Sn (-1, 1)


Mathmate settings
Settings Dialog

The Settings dialog is initiated from the input window by clicking the Settings button or by pressing Alt+T.

There are two options to set:

Precision

and

Add brackets

Precision defines the accuracy of computations in decimal digits and can be set to any integer between 1 and 15. The default value is 6. To change precision use mouse and the scroll buttons or enter the number from the keyboard. Entering any number outside the range 1-15 causes precision value to be set to default. Precision can be changed also in the initialization dialog by manipulating the corresponding controls of the initialization window.

The add brackets option determines whether clicking a button in the function panel will cause the function name to appear in the input line followed by brackets or not. This option is set by checking the checkbox in the settings window.


Protocol
Mathmate protocol

Mathmate keeps track of all calculations in a protocol. To view the protocol click the Protocol button (or use Alt+P in the input dialog). Then use scrolling to view the desired place. The protocol window contains Open ... and Save ... buttons to manipulate the protocol files. Protocol files have extension .pro and have a limitation of size equal to 64 Kbytes. Each protocol entry has the following layout:

operation name
Expression: expression
Precision: precision
[Lower limit: lower limit]
[Upper limit: upper limit]
[Operation variable:operation variable]
[Parameters:]
[parameter_1 = value_1]
[...]
[parameter_n = value_n]
--
Result: result
[Estimated error: estimated error]
[Function value: function value]
[error message]

One can transfer text from the protocol to the input fields of Mathmate or any other application using the Clipboard.

Clicking the Help button displays this help. To quit protocol press Quit.

When quitting Mathmate the user is asked whether the protocol is to be saved.

See also:

Protocol file errors


Errors in file operations
Protocol file errors

The following errors may occur during protocol file operations:

Cannot open file filename

File filenameis too large

Not enough memory for filename

Cannot create file filename

Cannot write file filenameto disk


Protocol file error 1
Cannot open file filename

File filename does not exist.


Protocol file error 2
File filenameis too large

The size of the file filename exceeds 64 Kbytes.


Protocol file error 3
Not enough memory for filename

Mathmate cannot allocate enough memory for the file. Quit other applications to free extra memory.


Protocol file error 4
Cannot create file filename

Illegal filename.


Protocol file error 5
Cannot write file filenameto disk

Not enough disk space. Erase other files to free extra disk space.