03900
 \\Was wrought\\ (\\gegonei\\). Second past perfect active without augment
 from \\ginomai\\.

03901
 \\To their own company\\ (\\pros tous idious\\). Their own people as in
 # Joh 1:11; 13:1; Ac 24:23; 1Ti 5:8; Tit 3:14
 not merely the apostles (all the disciples). In spite of Peter's
 courageous defiance he and John told the brotherhood all that had
 been said by the Sanhedrin. They had real apprehension of the
 outcome.

03902
 \\With one accord\\ (\\homothumadon\\). A concert of voices as already
 seen by the word in
 # 1:14; 2:46
 and later in
 # 5:12; 7:57; 15:25
 \\O Lord\\ (\\Despota\\). Our word despot. Old word for relation of
 master to slaves or household servants
 # 1Ti 6:1; 2Ti 2:21; Tit 2:9; 1Pe 2:18
 Simeon thus addressed God
 # Lu 2:29
 So in
 # 2Pe 2:1; Jude 1:4; Re 6:10
 See "slaves" in verse
 # 29

03903
 \\By the mouth of our father David\\ (\\tou patros hˆm“n dia pneumatos\\
 \\hagiou stomatos Daueid\\). From
 # Ps 2:1
 here ascribed to David. Baumgarten suggests that the whole
 company sang the second Psalm and then Peter applied it to this
 emergency. The Greek MSS. do not have \\dia\\ (by) here before
 \\stomatos\\, but only \\dia\\ before \\pneumatos hagiou\\ (the Holy
 Spirit). Hort calls this a "primitive error" perhaps due to an
 early scribe who omitted this second \\dia\\ so close to the first
 \\dia\\ (Robertson, _Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the
 N.T._, p. 238). A small list of such primitive errors is there
 given as suggested by Dr. Hort. \\Why\\ (\\hina ti\\). This Greek idiom
 calls for \\genˆtai\\ (second aorist middle subjunctive), \\That what\\
 \\may happen\\. \\The Gentiles\\ (\\ethnˆ\\). So always in LXX, while \\laoi\\
 (peoples) can include Jews. \\Did rage\\ (\\ephruaxan\\). First aorist
 active indicative of \\phruass“\\, late word, to neigh like a horse,
 to prance or stamp the ground, to put on lofty airs. Only here in
 the N.T. in this quotation from
 # Ps 2:1
 \\Imagine\\ (\\emeletˆsan\\). First aorist active indicative of \\meleta“\\.
 Old verb from \\meletˆ\\ (care), to practise, to caution, as orators
 and rhetoricians. Only here in the N.T. in this quotation.

03904
 \\Set themselves in array\\ (\\parestˆsan\\). Literally, stood by.
 \\Against his Anointed\\ (\\kata tou Christou autou\\). Against his
 Messiah, his Christ.

03905
 \\Both Herod and Pontios Pilate\\ (\\Hˆr“idˆs te kai Pontius Peilatos\\).
 Luke alone
 # Lu 23:12
 tells of the reconciliation between Herod and Pilate at the trial
 of Jesus. So Peter and the rest interpret this prophecy as
 directly fulfilled in their conduct towards Jesus Christ. \\Whom\\
 \\thou didst anoint\\ (\\hon echrisas\\). As in verse
 # 26
 (cf.
 # Lu 4:18; Isa 61:1
 Inaugurated as King Messiah.

03906
 \\Foreordained\\ (\\pro“risen\\). First aorist active indicative of
 \\prooriz“\\, "They rise above sight and seem to see the Hand which
 'shapes men's ends, rough hew them how they will'" (Furneaux).

03907
 \\And now\\ (\\kai ta nun\\). "And as to (accusative of general
 reference) the now things (the present situation)." Only in the
 Acts in the N.T.
 # 5:38; 17:30; 20:32; 27:22
 \\Grant\\ (\\dos\\). Second aorist active imperative of \\did“mi\\, urgency
 of the aorist, Do it now. \\To speak thy word with all boldness\\
 (\\meta parrˆsias pasˆs lalein ton logon sou\\). Literally, "with all
 boldness to go on speaking (present active infinitive) thy word."
 Peter and John had defied the Sanhedrin in verse
 # 20
 but all the same and all the more they pray for courage in deed
 to live up to their brave words. A wholesome lesson.

03908
 \\While thou stretchest forth thy hand\\ (\\en t“i tˆn cheira ekteinein\\
 \\se\\). Luke's favourite idiom, "In the stretching out (articular
 present active infinitive) the hand as to thee" (accusative of
 general reference), the second allusion to God's "hand" in this
 prayer (verse
 # 28
 \\To heal\\ (\\eis iasin\\). For healing. See verse
 # 22
 \\And that signs and wonders may be done\\ (\\kai sˆmeia kai terata\\
 \\ginesthai\\). Either to be taken as in the same construction as
 \\ekteinein\\ with \\en t“i\\ as Revised Version has it here or to be
 treated as subordinate purpose to \\en t“i ekteinein\\ (as Knowling,
 Page, Wendt, Hackett). The latter most likely true. They ask for
 a visible sign or proof that God has heard this prayer for
 courage to be faithful even unto death.

03909
 \\The place was shaken\\ (\\esaleuthˆ ho topos\\). By an earthquake most
 likely as in
 # 16:26
 but none the less a token of God's presence and power
 # Ps 114:7; Isa 2:19,21; Heb 12:26
 \\Were gathered together\\ (\\ˆsan sunˆgmenoi\\). Periphrastic past
 perfect passive of \\sunag“\\. \\They spake\\ (\\elaloun\\). Imperfect active
 indicative, began to speak, after being filled (\\eplˆsthˆsan\\,
 aorist passive indicative) with the Holy Spirit. Luke uses the
 very words of the prayer in verse
 # 29
 to describe their conduct.

03910
 \\Of one heart and soul\\ (\\kardia kai psuchˆ mia\\). It is not possible
 to make sharp distinction between heart and soul here (see
 # Mr 12:30
 only that there was harmony in thought and affection. But the
 English translation is curiously unlike the Greek original.
 "There was one heart and soul (nominative case, not genitive as
 the English has it) in the multitude (\\tou plˆthous\\, subjective
 genitive) of those who believed." \\Not one of them\\ (\\oude heis\\).
 More emphatic than \\oudeis\\, "not even one." \\Common\\ (\\koina\\). In the
 use of their property, not in the possession as Luke proceeds to
 explain. The word \\koinos\\ is kin to \\sun\\ (together with)=\\xun\\
 (Epic) and so \\xunos=koinos\\. See this word already in
 # 2:44
 The idea of unclean
 # Ac 10:15
 is a later development from the original notion of common to all.

03911
 \\Gave their witness\\ (\\apedidoun to marturion\\). Imperfect active of
 \\apodid“mi\\, old verb to give back, to pay back a debt
 # Lu 7:42
 but a late omega form instead of the usual \\apedidosan\\. They kept
 on giving their witness with power after the answer to their
 prayer (verse
 # 31
 \\Of the resurrection\\ (\\tˆs anastase“s\\). It was on this issue that
 the Sadducees had arrested them
 # 4:1-3

03912
 \\That lacked\\ (\\endeˆs\\). Literally, in need, old adjective, here
 only in the N.T. \\Were\\ (\\hupˆrchon\\). Imperfect active of \\huparch“\\,
 to exist. \\Sold them and brought\\ (\\p“lountes epheron\\). Present
 active participle and imperfect active indicative. Selling they
 brought from time to time, as there was occasion by reason of
 need. Hence the wants were kept supplied. \\Laid them\\ (\\etithoun\\).
 Imperfect active again, _repetition_, of \\tithˆmi\\, late omega form
 for the usual \\etithesan\\.

03913
 \\Distribution was made\\ (\\diedideto\\). Imperfect passive of
 \\diadid“mi\\, late omega form for \\diedidoto\\ (the stem vowel \\o\\
 displaced by \\e\\). Impersonal use of the verb here. \\According as\\
 \\any one had need\\ (\\kathoti an tis chreian eichen\\). Imperfect
 active of \\ech“\\ with \\kathoti\\ and \\an\\ with the notion of
 customary repetition in a comparative clause (Robertson,
 _Grammar_, p. 967).

03914
 \\Barnabas\\ (\\Barnabas\\). His name was Joseph (correct text, and not
 Jesus) and he is mentioned as one illustration of those in verse
 # 34
 who selling brought the money. The apostles gave him the nickname
 Barnabas by which later he was known because of this noble deed.
 This fact argues that all did not actually sell, but were ready
 to do so if needed. Possibly Joseph had a larger estate than some
 others also. The meaning of the nickname is given by Luke as "son
 of consolation or exhortation" (\\huios paraklˆse“s\\). Doubtless his
 gifts as a preacher lay along this same line. Rackham thinks that
 the apostles gave him this name when he was recognized as a
 prophet. In
 # Ac 11:23
 the very word \\parekalei\\ (exhorted) is used of Barnabas up at
 Antioch. He is the type of preacher described by Paul in
 # 1Co 14:3
 Encouragement is the chief idea in \\paraklˆsis\\ though exhortation,
 comfort, consolation are used to render it
 # Ac 9:31; 13:15; 15:31
 See also
 # 16:9; 20:12
 It is not necessary to think that the apostles coined the name
 Barnabas for Joseph which originally may have come from
 \\Barnebous\\ (Deissmann, _Bible Studies_, pp. 308-10), son of Nebo,
 or even the Hebrew _Bar Nebi_ (son of a prophet). But, whatever
 the origin, the popular use is given by Luke. He was even called
 apostle along with Paul
 # Ac 14:14
 in the broad sense of that word.

03915
 \\Having a held\\ (\\huparchontos aut“i agrou\\). Genitive absolute with
 present active participle of \\huparch“\\ and dative of possession.
 \\Sold it and brought\\ (\\p“lˆsas ˆnegken\\). Aorist active participle
 of \\p“le“\\ and second aorist active indicative of \\pher“\\ because a
 single definite instance. So also with \\ethˆken\\ (laid), first
 aorist active.

03916
 \\Sold\\ (\\ep“lˆsen\\). Aorist active indicative again, for a single
 case.

03917
 \\Kept back\\ (\\enosphisato\\). First aorist middle indicative of
 \\nosphiz“\\, old verb from \\nosphi\\, afar, apart, and so to set apart,
 to separate for oneself, but only here, verse
 # 3; Tit 2:10
 in the N.T. \\His wife also being privy to it\\ (\\suneiduiˆs kai tˆs\\
 \\gunaikos\\). Genitive absolute with second perfect participle of
 \\sunoida\\, to know together with one, "his wife also knowing it
 together with him." \\Brought a certain part\\ (\\enegkas meros ti\\).
 Aorist active participle of \\pher“\\, for a definite act. The praise
 of Joseph was too much for Ananias, but he was not willing to
 turn over all. He wanted praise for giving all and yet he took
 care of himself by keeping some. Thus he started the Ananias Club
 that gave a new meaning to his lovely name (God is gracious).

03918
 \\Filled\\ (\\eplˆr“sen\\). The very verb used of the filling by the Holy
 Spirit
 # 4:31
 Satan the adversary is the father of lies
 # Joh 8:44
 He had entered into Judas
 # Lu 22:3; Joh 13:27
 and now he has filled the heart of Ananias with a lie. \\To lie to\\
 \\the Holy Spirit\\ (\\pseusasthai se to pneuma to hagion\\). Infinitive
 (aorist middle) of purpose with accusative of general reference
 (\\se\\) and the accusative of the person (object) as often in Greek
 writers, though here only in the N.T. with this verb. Usual
 dative of the person in verse
 # 4
 (\\anthr“pois\\, men, \\t“i the“i\\, God). The Holy Spirit had been given
 them to guide them into truth
 # Joh 15:13

03919
 \\Whiles it remained\\ (\\menon\\). Present active participle of mend,
 unsold, Peter means. \\After it was sold\\ (\\prathen\\). First aorist
 passive of \\piprask“\\, to sell. \\How is that thou hast conceived\\ (\\Ti\\
 \\hoti ethou\\). _Quid est quod_. See
 # Lu 2:49
 See also
 # Ac 5:9
 Second aorist middle indicative second person singular of
 \\tithˆmi\\. The devil filled his heart (verse
 # 3
 but all the same Ananias did it too and is wholly responsible.

03920
 \\Hearing\\ (\\akou“n\\). Present active participle of \\akou“\\, while
 hearing. \\Fell down\\ (\\pes“n\\). Second aorist active participle of
 \\pipt“\\, fell all of a sudden while listening. \\Gave up the ghost\\
 (\\exepsuxen\\). First aorist active indicative of \\ekpsuch“\\, late
 verb in LXX and Hippocrates, to breathe out, to expire. In the
 N.T. only here, verse
 # 10; 12:23
 It is needless to blame Peter for the death of Ananias. He had
 brought the end upon himself. It was the judgment of God.
 Physically the nervous shock could have caused the collapse.

03921
 \\The young men\\ (\\hoi ne“teroi\\). Literally the younger men (contrast
 with \\hoi presbuteroi\\, the elder men). Same as \\neaniskoi\\ in verse
 # 10
 and so no order in the young church. Perhaps these young men were
 acting as ushers or actual pallbearers. \\Wrapped him round\\
 (\\sunesteilan\\). First aorist active indicative of \\sustell“\\, old
 verb, to draw together, or contract
 # 1Co 7:29
 to roll together, to wrap with bandages, to enshroud as here.
 Nowhere else in the N.T. Frequent in medical writers. They may
 have used their own mantles. The time for burial was short in
 Jerusalem for sanitary reasons and to avoid ceremonial
 defilement.

03922
 \\And it was about the space of three hours after\\ (\\egeneto de h“s\\
 \\h“r“n tri“n diastˆma\\). Literally "Now there came an interval
 (\\diastˆma\\, distance, space between) of about (\\h“s\\) three hours."
 \\When\\ (\\kai\\). This use of \\kai\\ after \\egeneto\\ is characteristic of
 Luke's style in the Gospel. \\Not knowing\\ (\\mˆ eiduia\\). Feminine
 singular of second perfect active participle of \\oida\\. \\Mˆ\\ usual
 negative of the participle in the _Koin‚_.

03923
 \\For so much\\ (\\tosoutou\\). Genitive of price. Perhaps Peter pointed
 to the pile of money at the feet of the apostles (verse
 # 2
 The use of \\ei\\ in direct questions appears in Luke
 # Lu 13:23; 22:49
 as in the LXX like the Hebrew _im_ and in
 # Ac 1:6; 19:2
 etc.

03924
 \\Ye have agreed together\\ (\\suneph“nˆthˆ humin\\). First aorist
 passive indicative of \\sumph“ne“\\ (to voice together, symphony),
 impersonal with dative; It was agreed together by you (or for
 you). "Your souls were allured together respecting this deceit"
 (Vincent). \\To tempt the Spirit of the Lord\\ (\\peirasai to pneuma\\
 \\kuriou\\). Like "Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God." It was
 close to the unpardonable sin which was attributing the manifest
 work of the Holy Spirit to Beelzebub. \\The feet\\ (\\hoi podes\\).
 Graphic picture by Peter as he heard the steps of the young men
 at the door.

03925
 \\Immediately\\ (\\parachrˆma\\). Hence her death was regarded as
 supernatural like that of Ananias. \\By her husband\\ (\\pros ton andra\\
 \\autˆs\\). Face to face to her husband.

03926
 \\Upon the whole church\\ (\\eph' holˆn tˆn ekklˆsian\\). Here \\ekklˆsia\\
 for the first time in Acts of the believers in Jerusalem. Twice
 already in the Gospels, once of the whole body of believers or
 the Kingdom
 # Mt 16:18
 the other of the local body
 # Mt 18:17
 In
 # Ac 7:38
 it is used of the whole congregation of Israel while in
 # 19:32
 it is used of a public assembly in Ephesus. But already in
 # Ac 8:3
 it is applied to the church which Saul was persecuting in their
 homes when not assembled. So here the etymological meaning of
 "assembly" disappears for "the church" were now the scattered
 saints hiding in their separate homes. The whole body of
 believers in Jerusalem and all who heard of the fate of Ananias
 and Sapphira (beautiful, her name means) were in awe and dread.
 It was already a dangerous thing to be a follower of Christ
 unless one was willing to walk straight.

03927
 \\Were wrought\\ (\\egineto\\). Imperfect middle, wrought from time to
 time. \\With one accord\\ (\\homothumadon\\). As already in
 # 1:14; 2:46; 4:24
 and later
 # 7:57; 8:6; 12:20; 15:25; 18:21; 19:29
 old adverb and only in Acts in the N.T. Here "all" is added. In
 Solomon's Porch again as in
 # 3:11
 which see.

03928
 \\Durst\\ (\\etolma\\). Imperfect active of \\tolma“\\, old verb, not to fear
 or shun through fear, boldly to take a stand. The fate of Ananias
 and Sapphira continued to hold many in check. \\Join\\ (\\kollasthai\\).
 Present middle infinitive of \\kolla“\\, old verb to cleave to like
 glue as in
 # Lu 15:15
 which see. Seven times in Acts
 # 9:26; 10:28; 17:34
 The outsiders (the rest) preferred, many of them, to remain
 outside for the present, especially the rulers. \\Howbeit the\\
 \\people\\ (\\all'--ho laos\\). Probably individuals among the people,
 the populace as distinct from the rulers and hostile outsiders.

03929
 \\Were the more added\\ (\\mƒllon prosetithento\\). Rather (\\mƒllon\\)
 instead of decrease as one might expect. Imperfect passive
 indicative of \\prostithˆmi\\ common \\mi\\ verb, kept on being added.
 \\Both of men and women\\ (\\andr“n te kai gunaik“n\\). The distinction
 between \\andres\\ and \\gunaikes\\ and to be considered in connection
 with \\andres\\ in
 # 4:4
 which see.

03930
 \\Insomuch that\\ (\\h“ste\\). With the present infinitive \\ekpherein\\ and
 \\tithenai\\, regular Greek idiom for result. \\Into the streets\\ (\\eis\\
 \\tas plateias\\). Supply \\hodous\\ (ways), into the broad ways. \\On beds\\
 \\and couches\\ (\\epi klinari“n kai krabatt“n\\). Little beds (\\klinaria\\
 diminutive of \\klinˆ\\) and camp beds or pallets (
 See note on "Mr 2:4"
 See note on "Mr 2:9"
 See note on "Mr 2:11"
 ). \\As Peter came by\\ (\\erchomenou Petrou\\). Genitive absolute with
 present middle participle. \\At the least his shadow might\\
 \\overshadow\\ (\\kan hˆ skia episkiasei\\). Future active indicative
 with \\hina\\ (common with \\hop“s\\ in ancient Greek) and \\kan\\ (crasis
 for \\kai ean\\=even if), even if only the shadow. The word for
 shadow (\\skia\\, like our "sky") is repeated in the verb and
 preserved in our "overshadow." There was, of course, no virtue or
 power in Peter's shadow. That was faith with superstition, of
 course, just as similar cases in the Gospels occur
 # Mt 9:20; Mr 6:56; Joh 9:5
 and the use of Paul's handkerchief
 # Ac 19:12
 God honours even superstitious faith if it is real faith in him.
 Few people are wholly devoid of superstition.

03931
 \\Came together\\ (\\sunˆrcheto\\). Imperfect middle, kept on coming.
 \\Round about\\ (\\perix\\). Old adverb, strengthened form of \\peri\\, only
 here in the N.T. \\Vexed\\ (\\ochloumenous\\). Present passive participle
 of \\ochle“\\, to excite a mob (\\ochlos\\) against one, to trouble,
 annoy. Old word, only here in the N.T., though \\enochle“\\ in
 # Lu 6:18
 \\Were healed every one\\ (\\etherapeuonto hapantes\\). Imperfect
 passive, were healed one at a time, repetition.

03932
 \\Which is the sect of the Sadducees\\ (\\hˆ ousa hairesis t“n\\
 \\Saddoukai“n\\). Literally, "the existing sect of the Sadducees" or
 "the sect which is of the Sadducees," \\hˆ\\ being the article, not
 the relative. \\Hairesis\\ means a choosing, from \\haireomai\\, to take
 for oneself, to choose, then an opinion chosen or tenet (possibly
 # 2Pe 2:1
 then parties or factions
 # Gal 5:20; 1Co 11:19
 possibly
 # 2Pe 2:1
 It is applied here to the Sadducees; to the Pharisees in
 # Ac 15:5; 26:5
 to the Christians in
 # 24:5-14; 28:22
 Already Luke has stated that the Sadducees started the
 persecution of Peter and John
 # Ac 4:1
 Now it is extended to "the apostles" as a whole since
 Christianity has spread more rapidly in Jerusalem than before it
 began.

03933
 \\With jealousy\\ (\\zˆlou\\). Genitive case. Old word from ze“, to boil,
 our zeal. In itself it means only warmth, ardour, zeal, but for a
 bad cause or from a bad motive, jealousy, envy, rivalry results
 # Ac 13:45
 Common in the epistles. \\In public ward\\ (\\en tˆrˆsei dˆmosiƒi\\). As
 in
 # 4:3
 only with \\dˆmosiƒi\\ (public) added, in the public prison, perhaps
 not the "common" prison, but any prison is bad enough. In verse
 # 19
 it is called "the prison" (\\tˆs phulakˆs\\), the guardhouse.

03934
03935
 \\And stand\\ (\\kai stathentes\\). First aorist passive participle
 (intransitive, ingressive aorist), take a stand. Bold and
 pictorial command. \\All the words of this life\\ (\\panta ta rhˆmata\\
 \\tˆs z“ˆs tautˆs\\). Not just a Hebraism for "all these words of
 life." Probably "this life" which the Sadducees deny and of which
 the angel is now speaking, this eternal life.
 # Joh 6:63,68; 1Co 15:19

03936
 \\About daybreak\\ (\\hupo ton orthron\\). From \\ornumi\\, to stir up, to
 arouse, so the dawn
 # Lu 24:1; Joh 8:2
 Old word, but in the N.T. only these three passages. "Under the
 dawn" or "about dawn." _Sub lucem_. The temple doors would be
 open for early worshippers and traffickers
 # Joh 2:14
 \\Taught\\ (\\edidaskon\\). Imperfect active, began to teach. \\The\\
 \\council\\ (\\to sunedrion\\). The Sanhedrin. \\The senate\\ (\\tˆn\\
 \\gerousian\\). From \\ger“n\\, an old man, just as the Latin _senatus_
 is from _senex_, old. Like the \\gerontes\\ in Homer and the Elder
 Statesmen in Japan. Apparently the senate of the people were also
 part of the Sanhedrin and the use of "and" (\\kai\\) is explanatory
 and adds this item in particular. Page thinks that this group of
 elders were not members of the Sanhedrin at all. \\To the prison\\
 \\house\\ (\\eis to desm“tˆrion\\), another word for prison (\\tˆrˆsis\\
 \\dˆmosia\\ in verse
 # 18
 \\hˆ phulakˆ\\ in verse
 # 19
 See also verses
 # 22,23,25
 This from \\desmos\\, bond, and \\tˆre“\\, to keep, place where bound men
 are kept.

03937
 \\The officers\\ (\\hoi hupˆretai\\). Under-rowers, literally
 # Mt 5:25
 The servants or officers who executed the orders of the
 Sanhedrin. \\Shut\\ (\\kekleismenon\\). Perfect passive participle of
 \\klei“\\. Shut tight. \\Standing at the doors\\ (\\hest“tas epi t“n\\
 \\thur“n\\). Graphic picture of the sentinels at the prison doors.

03938
03939
 \\They were much perplexed\\ (\\diˆporoun\\). Imperfect active of
 \\diapore“\\ old verb by Luke only in the N.T. See already on
 # Ac 2:12
 They continued puzzled. \\Whereunto this would grow\\ (\\ti an genoito\\
 \\touto\\). More exactly, \\As to what this would become\\. Second aorist
 middle optative of \\ginomai\\ with \\an\\, the conclusion of a condition
 of the fourth class (undetermined with less likelihood of
 determination), the unexpressed condition being "if the thing
 should be allowed to go on." The indirect question simply retains
 the optative with \\an\\ (Robertson, _Grammar_, pp. 1021, 1044). If
 they had only known how this grain of mustard seed would grow
 into the greatest tree on earth and how dwarfed the tree of
 Judaism would be beside it!

03940
03941
 \\Brought\\ (\\ˆgen\\). Imperfect active of \\ag“\\, was bringing (leading),
 slowly no doubt, and solemnly. \\But without violence\\ (\\ou meta\\
 \\bias\\). Literally, not with violence. \\For they feared\\ (\\ephobounto\\
 \\gar\\). Imperfect middle, still feared, kept on fearing. \\Lest they\\
 \\be stoned\\ (\\mˆ lithasth“sin\\). Negative purpose with \\mˆ\\ (like \\hina\\
 \\mˆ\\), probably with "not with violence," though possible with
 "they feared." They handled the apostles gently for fear of being
 stoned themselves by the people. First aorist passive subjunctive
 of \\lithaz“\\ (from \\lithos\\, stone), old verb to pelt with stones
 # Ac 14:19; Joh 10:31-33

03942
 \\They set them\\ (\\estˆsan\\). First aorist active indicative
 (transitive) of \\histˆmi\\.

03943
 \\We straitly charged\\ (\\Paraggeliƒi parˆggeilamen\\). Like the Hebrew
 idiom (common in the LXX), though found in Greek, with charging
 (instrumental case) we charged (cf. same idiom in
 # Lu 22:15
 Somewhat like the cognate accusative. The command referred to
 occurs in
 # Ac 4:17,18
 and the refusal of Peter and John in
 # 4:20
 \\To bring upon us\\ (\\epagagein eph' hˆmƒs\\). Note repetition of \\epi\\.
 Second aorist active infinitive of \\epag“\\, old verb, but in the
 N.T. only here and
 # 2Pe 2:1,5
 The Sanhedrin gladly took the blood of Christ on their heads and
 their children to Pilate
 # Mt 27:25
 Paul tried to save the Jews
 # Ac 18:6; 22:20
 "\\This man\\" (\\tou anthr“pou toutou\\). Contemptuous slur and refusal
 to call the name of Jesus as in the Talmud later.

03944
 \\We must\\ (\\dei\\). Moral necessity left them no choice. They stood
 precisely where Peter and John were when before the Sanhedrin
 before
 # Ac 4:20
 \\Obey\\ (\\peitharchein\\). Old verb from \\peithomai\\ and \\archˆ\\, to
 obey a ruler. Only by Luke and Paul in the N.T.

03945
 \\Ye slew\\ (\\diecheirisasthe\\). First aorist middle indicative of
 \\diacheirizomai\\, old verb from \\dia\\ and \\cheir\\ (hand), to take in
 hand, manage, to lay hands on, manhandle, kill. In the N.T. only
 here and
 # Ac 26:21
 \\Hanging him upon a tree\\ (\\kremasantes epi xulou\\). First aorist
 active participle of \\kremannumi\\ (\\kremannu“\\ seen already in
 # Mt 18:6
 and
 # Lu 23:39
 Peter refers to
 # De 21:23
 as Paul does in
 # Ga 3:13
 the curse pronounced on every one who "hangs upon a tree."

03946
 \\Exalt\\ (\\ups“sen\\) In contrast to their murder of Christ as in
 # 2:23
 Peter repeats his charges with increased boldness. \\With his right\\
 \\hand\\ (\\tˆi dexiƒi autou\\). So instrumental case, or at his right
 hand (locative case), or even "to his right hand" (dative case)
 as in
 # 2:33
 \\Prince and Saviour\\ (\\archˆgon kai s“tˆra\\).
 See note on "Ac 3:15"
 Clearly "Prince" here. \\To give\\ (\\tou dounai\\). Genitive of
 articular infinitive (second aorist active of \\did“mi\\) of purpose.

03947
 \\We are witnesses\\ (\\hˆmeis esmen martures\\). As in
 # 2:32
 \\Things\\ (\\rhˆmat“n\\). Literally, sayings, but like the Hebrew
 _dabhar_ for "word" it is here used for "things." \\And so is the\\
 \\Holy Ghost\\ (\\kai to pneuma to hagion\\). The word for "is" (\\estin\\)
 is not in the Greek, but this is plainly the meaning. Peter
 claims the witness of the Holy Spirit to the raising of Jesus
 Christ, God's Son, by the Father.

03948
 \\Were cut to the heart\\ (\\dieprionto\\). Imperfect passive of \\diapri“\\
 old verb (\\dia, pri“\\), to saw in two (\\dia\\), to cut in two (to the
 heart). Here it is rage that cuts into their hearts, not
 conviction of sin as in
 # Ac 2:37
 Only here and
 # Ac 7:54
 (after Stephen's speech) in the N.T. (cf. Simeon's prophecy in
 # Lu 2:35
 \\Were minded\\ (\\eboulonto\\). Imperfect middle of \\boulomai\\. They were
 plotting and planning to kill (\\anelein\\, as in
 # Ac 2:23; Lu 23:33
 which see) then and there. The point in
 # 4:7
 was whether the apostles deserved stoning for curing the cripple
 by demoniacal power, but here it was disobedience to the command
 of the Sanhedrin which was not a capital offence. "They were on
 the point of committing a grave judicial blunder" (Furneaux).

03949
 \\Gamaliel\\ (\\Gamaliˆl\\). The grandson of Hillel, teacher of Paul
 # Ac 22:3
 later president of the Sanhedrin, and the first of the seven
 rabbis termed "Rabban." It is held by some that he was one of the
 doctors who heard the Boy Jesus in the temple
 # Lu 2:47
 and that he was a secret disciple like Joseph of Arimathea and
 Nicodemus, but there is no evidence of either position. Besides,
 he appears here as a loyal Pharisee and "a doctor of the law"
 (\\nomodidaskalos\\). This word appears already in
 # Lu 5:17
 of the Pharisaic doctors bent on criticizing Jesus, which see.
 Paul uses it of Judaizing Christians
 # 1Ti 1:7
 Like other great rabbis he had a great saying: "Procure thyself a
 teacher, avoid being in doubt; and do not accustom thyself to
 give tithes by guess." He was a man of judicial temper and not
 prone to go off at a tangent, though his brilliant young pupil
 Saul went to the limit about Stephen without any restraint on the
 part of Gamaliel so far as the record goes. Gamaliel champions
 the cause of the apostles as a Pharisee to score a point against
 the Sadducees. He acts as a theological opportunist, not as a
 disciple of Christ. He felt that a temporizing policy was best.
 There are difficulties in this speech of Gamaliel and it is not
 clear how Luke obtained the data for the address. It is, of
 course, possible that Saul was present and made notes of it for
 Luke afterwards. \\Had in honour of all the people\\ (\\timios panti\\
 \\t“i la“i\\). Ethical dative. \\Timios\\ from \\timˆ\\, old word meaning
 precious, dear. \\The men\\ (\\tous anthr“pous\\). Correct text as in
 verse
 # 35
 not "the apostles" as Textus Receptus.