06600
 \\Gain to themselves\\ (\\heautois peripoiountai\\). Present middle
 indicative of \\peripoie“\\, old verb, to make besides (\\peri\\, around,
 over), to lay by. Reflexive (indirect) middle with reflexive
 pronoun (\\heautois\\) repeated as often happens in the _Koin‚_. In
 N.T. only here,
 # Lu 17:33; Ac 20:28
 (Paul also, quoting
 # Isa 43:21
 \\A good standing\\ (\\bathmon kalon\\). Late word from \\bain“\\, in LXX for
 steps at a door
 # 1Sa 5:5
 In plural the steps of a stair. In the inscriptions it means a
 good foothold or standing. The ecclesiastical writers (Theodoret)
 take it to be a higher grade or rank, but it is doubtful if Paul
 means that here. \\Much boldness\\ (\\pollˆn parrˆsian\\). A Pauline
 phrase
 # 2Co 3:12; 7:4; Php 1:20
 \\In the faith which is in Christ Jesus\\ (\\en pistei tˆi en Christ“i\\
 \\Iˆsou\\). Pauline phrase again
 # Ac 26:18; Ga 3:26; Col 1:4; Eph 1:15; 2Ti 1:13; 3:15

06601
 \\Shortly\\ (\\en tachei\\). Old idiom (locative case of \\tachos\\,
 quickness, speed). See
 # Ro 16:20
 A pseudonymous writer would hardly have put in this phrase.
 Paul's hopes were not to be realized, but he did not know that.

06602
 \\But if I tarry long\\ (\\ean de bradun“\\). Condition of third class
 with \\ean\\ and the present active subjunctive of \\bradun“\\, old verb,
 to be slow (usually intransitive), from \\bradus\\ (slow, dull,
 # Lu 24:25
 in N.T. only here and
 # 2Pe 3:9
 \\That thou mayest know\\ (\\hina eidˆis\\). Final clause with \\hina\\ and
 second perfect active subjunctive of \\oida\\, to know. \\How men\\
 \\ought\\ (\\p“s dei\\). "How it is necessary for thee" (supply \\se\\ more
 naturally than \\tina\\, any one). Indirect question. \\To behave\\
 \\themselves\\ (\\anastrephesthai\\). Present middle (direct) infinitive
 of \\anastreph“\\, old verb, to turn up and down. See
 # 2Co 1:12; Eph 2:3
 \\In the house of God\\ (\\en oik“i theou\\). Probably here "household of
 God," that is "the family of God" rather than "the house (or
 temple) of God." Christians as yet had no separate houses of
 worship and \\oikos\\ commonly means "household." Christians are the
 \\naos\\ (sanctuary) of God
 # 1Co 3:16; 2Co 6:16
 and Paul calls them \\oikeioi tou theou\\
 # Eph 2:19
 "members of God's family." It is conduct as members of God's
 family (\\oikos\\) that Paul has in mind. \\Which\\ (\\hˆtis\\). "Which very
 house of God," agreeing (feminine) with the predicate word
 \\ekklˆsia\\ (church). \\The church of the living God\\ (\\ekklˆsia theou\\
 \\z“ntos\\). Probably here the general church or kingdom as in
 Colossians and Ephesians, though the local church in verse
 # 5
 \\The pillar and ground of the truth\\ (\\stulos kai hedrai“ma tˆs\\
 \\alˆtheias\\). Paul changes the metaphor again as he often does.
 Those words are in apposition to \\ekklˆsia\\ and \\oikos\\. On
 \\stulos\\, old word for pillar, see
 # Ga 2:9; Re 3:12
 (only other N.T. examples). \\Hedrai“ma\\, late and rare word (from
 \\hedraio“\\, to make stable) occurs here first and only in
 ecclesiastical writers later. Probably it means stay or support
 rather than foundation or ground. See
 # Co 1:23; 2Ti 2:19
 for similar idea. See also
 # Mt 16:18

06603
 \\Without controversy\\ (\\homologoumen“s\\). Old adverb from the
 participle \\homologoumenos\\ from \\homologe“\\. Here only in N.T.
 "Confessedly." \\Great\\ (\\mega\\). See
 # Eph 5:32
 "A great mystery." \\The mystery of godliness\\ (\\to tˆs eusebeias\\
 \\mustˆrion\\). See verse
 # 9
 "the mystery of the faith," and
 # 2:2
 for \\eusebeia\\. Here the phrase explains "a pillar and stay of the
 truth" (verse
 # 15
 See in particular
 # Co 1:27
 "The revealed secret of true religion, the mystery of
 Christianity, the Person of Christ" (Lock). \\He who\\ (\\hos\\). The
 correct text, not \\theos\\ (God) the reading of the Textus Receptus
 (Syrian text) nor \\ho\\ (neuter relative, agreeing with \\mustˆrion\\)
 the reading of the Western documents. Westcott and Hort print
 this relative clause as a fragment of a Christian hymn (like
 # Eph 5:14
 in six strophes. That is probably correct. At any rate \\hos\\ (who)
 is correct and there is asyndeton (no connective) in the verbs.
 Christ, to whom \\hos\\ refers, is the mystery
 # Col 1:27; 2:2
 \\Was manifested\\ (\\ephaner“thˆ\\). First aorist passive indicative of
 \\phanero“\\, to manifest. Here used to describe the incarnation (\\en\\
 \\sarki\\) of Christ (an answer also to the Docetic Gnostics). The
 verb is used by Paul elsewhere of the incarnation
 # Ro 16:26; Col 1:26
 as well as of the second coming
 # Col 3:4
 \\Justified in the spirit\\ (\\edikai“thˆ en pneumati\\). First aorist
 passive indicative of \\dikaio“\\, to declare righteous, to
 vindicate. Christ was vindicated in his own spirit
 # Heb 9:14
 before men by overcoming death and rising from the dead
 # Ro 1:3
 \\Seen of angels\\ (\\“phthˆ aggelois\\). First aorist passive indicative
 of \\hora“\\, to see, with either the instrumental or the dative case
 of angels (\\aggelois\\). The words were probably suggested by the
 appearance of Jesus (\\“phthˆ\\, the usual form for the resurrection
 appearances of Christ) of the angels at the tomb and at the
 ascension of Christ. See
 # Php 2:10; 1Pe 3:22
 for the appearance of Jesus to the angels in heaven at the
 ascension. Some would take "angels" here to be "messengers" (the
 women). \\Preached among the nations\\ (\\ekˆruchthˆ en ethnesin\\).
 First aorist passive indicative of \\kˆruss“\\, to proclaim. The word
 \\ethnos\\ may mean "all creation"
 # Col 1:23
 and not just Gentiles as distinct from Jews. Paul had done more
 of this heralding of Christ among the Gentiles than any one else.
 It was his glory
 # Eph 3:1,8
 Cf.
 # 2:7
 \\Believed on in the world\\ (\\episteuthˆ en kosm“i\\). First aorist
 indicative passive again of \\pisteu“\\, to believe
 # 2Th 1:10
 Cf.
 # 1:15; 2Co 5:19
 \\Received up in glory\\ (\\anelˆmphthˆ en doxˆi\\). First aorist passive
 again (six verbs in the same voice and tense in succession, a
 rhythmic arrangement like a hymn). Cf.
 # Ro 8:29
 This time the verb is \\analamban“\\, the verb used of the ascension
 # Ac 1:11,22
 which see). In a wonderful way this stanza of a hymn presents the
 outline of the life of Christ.

06604
 \\Expressly\\ (\\rˆt“s\\). Late adverb, here alone in N.T., from verbal
 adjective \\rˆtos\\ (from root \\re“\\). The reference is to the Holy
 Spirit, but whether to O.T. prophecy
 # Ac 1:16
 or to some Christian utterance
 # 2Th 2:2; 1Co 14:1
 we do not know. Parry recalls the words of Jesus in
 # Mt 24:10,24
 \\In later times\\ (\\en husterois kairois\\). Old adjective
 # Mt 21:31
 usually as adverb, \\husteron\\
 # Mt 4:2
 Relative time from the prediction, now coming true (a present
 danger). \\Some shall fall away\\ (\\apostˆsontai tines\\). Future middle
 of \\aphistˆmi\\, intransitive use, shall stand off from, to fall
 away, apostatize
 # 2Co 12:8
 \\From the faith\\ (\\tˆs piste“s\\). Ablative case (separation). Not
 creed, but faith in God through Christ. \\Giving heed\\
 (\\prosechontes\\). Supply \\ton noun\\ (the mind) as in
 # 3:8
 \\Seducing spirits\\ (\\pneumasin planois\\). Old adjective (\\planˆ\\,
 wandering), here active sense (deceiving). As substantive in
 # 2Co 6:8
 Probably some heathen or the worst of the Gnostics. \\Doctrines of\\
 \\devils\\ (\\didaskaliais daimoni“n\\). "Teachings of \\daimons\\." Definite
 explanation of the preceding. Cf.
 # 1Co 10:20

06605
 \\Through the hypocrisy of men that speak lies\\ (\\en hupokrisei\\
 \\pseudolog“n\\). For \\hupokrisis\\, see
 # Ga 2:13
 \\Pseudologos\\ (\\pseudˆs, leg“\\) _Koin‚_ word from Aristophanes on.
 Here only in N.T. "A good classical word for liars on a large
 scale" (Parry). \\Branded in their own conscience as with a hot\\
 \\iron\\ (\\kekaustˆriasmen“n tˆn idian suneidˆsin\\). Accusative case
 \\suneidˆsin\\ retained with the perfect passive participle of
 \\kaustˆriaz“\\, a rare verb only here and once in Strabo. Branded
 with the mark of Satan
 # 2Ti 2:26
 as Paul was with the marks of Christ
 # Ga 6:17
 Agreeing in case with \\pseudolog“n\\.

06606
 \\Forbidding to marry\\ (\\k“luont“n gamein\\). Present active participle
 of common verb \\k“lu“\\, to hinder, genitive case agreeing with
 \\pseudolog“n\\. See
 # Col 2:16,21
 where Paul condemns the ascetic practices of the Gnostics. The
 Essenes, Therapeutae and other oriental sects forbade marriage.
 In
 # 1Co 7
 Paul does not condemn marriage. \\To abstain from meats\\
 (\\apechesthai br“mat“n\\). Infinitive dependent, not on \\k“luont“n\\,
 but on the positive idea \\keleuont“n\\ (implied, not expressed).
 Ablative case of \\br“mat“n\\ after \\apechesthai\\ (present direct
 middle, to hold oneself away from). See
 # 1Co 8-10; Ro 14; 15
 for disputes about "meats offered to idols" and
 # Co 1:22
 for the Gnostic asceticism. \\Which God created\\ (\\ha ho theos\\
 \\ektisen\\). First active indicative of \\ktiz“\\
 # Co 1:16
 Cf.
 # 1Co 10:25
 \\To be received\\ (\\eis metalˆmpsin\\). "For reception." Old word, only
 here in N.T. \\By them that believe and know\\ (\\tois pistois kai\\
 \\epegn“kosi\\). Dative case, "for the believers and those who (one
 article unites closely) have known fully" (perfect active
 participle of \\epigin“sk“\\), a Pauline use of the word
 # Col 1:6

06607
 \\Creature\\ (\\ktisma\\). Late word from \\ktiz“\\, result of creating. See
 # Ge 1:31; Mr 7:15; Ro 14:14
 for the idea stated. \\To be rejected\\ (\\apoblˆton\\). Old verbal
 adjective in passive sense from \\apoball“\\, to throw away, here
 only in N.T. \\If it be received\\ (\\lambanomenon\\). "Being received."
 Present passive participle of \\lamban“\\, in conditional sense,
 "with thanksgiving."

06608
 \\It is sanctified\\ (\\hagiazetai\\). Present passive indicative of
 \\hagiaz“\\, here "rendered holy" rather than "declared holy." Cf.
 verse
 # 4
 \\Through the word of God and prayers\\ (\\dia logou theou kai\\
 \\enteuxe“s\\). See
 # 2:1
 for \\enteuxis\\. Paul seems to refer to Genesis 1. It is almost a
 hendiadys "by the use of Scripture in prayer."

06609
 \\If thou put the brethren in mind of these things\\ (\\tauta\\
 \\hupotithemenos tois adelphois\\). Present middle participle of
 \\hupotithˆmi\\, to place under, to suggest, old and common verb,
 here only in N.T., "suggesting these things to the brethren."
 \\Thou shalt be a good minister of Christ Jesus\\ (\\kalos esˆi\\
 \\diakonos Christou Iˆsou\\). This beautiful phrase covers one's
 whole service for Christ
 # 3:1-7
 \\Nourished in\\ (\\entrephomenos\\). Present passive participle of
 \\entreph“\\, old verb, to nourish in, used by Plato of "nourished in
 the laws," here only in the N.T. \\The words of the faith\\ (\\tois\\
 \\logois tˆs piste“s\\). Locative case. The right diet for babes in
 Christ. The Bolshevists in Russia are feeding the children on
 atheism to get rid of God. \\Which thou hast followed\\ (\\hˆi\\
 \\parˆkolouthˆkas\\). Perfect active indicative of \\parakolouthe“\\, old
 verb, to follow beside, of persons (often in old Greek) or of
 ideas and things
 # Lu 1:3; 1Ti 4:6; 2Ti 3:10
 With associative instrumental case \\hˆi\\ (which).

06610
 \\Refuse\\ (\\paraitou\\). Present middle imperative second person
 singular of \\paraite“\\, old verb, to ask of one and then to beg off
 from one as in
 # Lu 14:18; Ac 25:11; 1Ti 4:7; 5:11; Tit 3:10; 2Ti 2:23
 \\Profane\\ (\\bebˆlous\\). See
 # 1:9
 \\Old wives' fables\\ (\\gra“deis muthous\\). On \\muthos\\, see
 # 1:4
 \\Gra“deis\\, late word (Strabo, Galen) from \\graus\\, old woman, and
 \\eidos\\ (look, appearance). Such as old women tell to children like
 the Gnostic aeons. \\Exercise thyself\\ (\\gumnaze seauton\\). Present
 active imperative of \\gumnaz“\\, originally to exercise naked
 (\\gumnos\\). Old and common verb, but in N.T. only here and
 # Heb 5:14; 12:11

06611
 \\Bodily exercise\\ (\\hˆ s“matikˆ gumnasia\\). \\Gumnasia\\ (from
 \\gumnaz“\\), also a common old word, here only in N.T. So also
 \\s“matikˆ\\ (from \\s“ma\\, body) in N.T. only here and
 # Lu 3:22
 \\Profitable\\ (\\“phelimos\\). Another old word (from \\“phele“\\, to help,
 to profit), in N.T. only here,
 # Tit 3:8; 2Ti 3:16
 \\For a little\\ (\\pros oligon\\). "For little." Probably extent in
 contrast to \\pros panta\\ (for all things), though in
 # Jas 4:14
 it is time "for a little while." \\Which now is\\ (\\tˆs nun\\). "The now
 life." \\Of that which is to come\\ (\\tˆs mellousˆs\\). "Of the coming
 (future) life."

06612
 See
 # 1:15
 for these very words, but here the phrase points to the preceding
 words, not to the following as there.

06613
 \\To this end\\ (\\eis touto\\). The godliness (\\eusebeia\\) of verse
 # 8
 See
 # 2Co 6:10
 as Paul's own commentary. \\We labour\\ (\\kopi“men\\,
 # Col 1:29
 \\and strive\\ (\\kai ag“nizometha\\,
 # Col 1:29
 Both Pauline words. \\Because we have set our hope\\ (\\hoti\\
 \\elpikamen\\). Perfect active indicative of \\elpiz“\\
 # Ro 15:12
 \\Saviour of all men\\ (\\s“tˆr pant“n anthr“p“n\\). See
 # 1:1
 for \\s“tˆr\\ applied to God as here. Not that all men "are saved" in
 the full sense, but God gives life
 # 6:13
 to all
 # Ac 17:28
 \\Specially of them that believe\\ (\\malista pist“n\\). Making a
 distinction in the kinds of salvation meant. "While God is
 potentially Saviour of all, He is actually Saviour of the \\pistoi\\"
 (White). So Jesus is termed "Saviour of the World"
 # Joh 4:42
 Cf.
 # Ga 6:10

06614
06615
 \\Despise\\ (\\kataphroneit“\\). Imperative active third singular of
 \\kataphrone“\\, old verb, to think down on, to despise
 # Ro 2:4
 \\Thy youth\\ (\\sou tˆs neotˆtos\\). Genitive case of old word (from
 \\neos\\) as in
 # Mr 10:20
 \\Be thou\\ (\\ginou\\). Present middle imperative of \\ginomai\\. "Keep on
 becoming thou." \\An ensample\\ (\\tupos\\). Old word from \\tupt“\\, a type.
 Pauline use of the word
 # 1Th 1:7; 2Th 3:9; Php 3:17; Tit 2:7
 \\To them that believe\\ (\\t“n pist“n\\). Objective genitive. \\In word\\
 (\\en log“i\\). In conversation as well as in public speech. \\In\\
 \\manner of life\\ (\\en anastrophˆi\\). "In bearing"
 # Ga 1:13; Eph 4:22
 \\In purity\\ (\\en hagneiƒi\\). Old word from \\hagneu“\\ (\\hagnos\\).
 Sinlessness of life. Used of a Nazirite
 # Nu 6:2,21
 Only here and
 # 5:2
 in N.T.

06616
 \\Till I come\\ (\\he“s erchomai\\). "While I am coming" (present
 indicative with \\he“s\\), not "till I come" (\\he“s elth“\\). \\Give heed\\
 (\\proseche\\). Present active imperative, supply \\ton noun\\, "keep on
 putting thy mind on." \\The reading\\ (\\tˆi anagn“sei\\). Old word from
 \\anagin“sk“\\. See
 # 2Co 3:14
 Probably in particular the public reading of the Scriptures
 # Ac 13:15
 though surely private reading is not to be excluded. \\To\\
 \\exhortation\\ (\\tˆi paraklˆsei\\), \\to teaching\\ (\\tˆi didaskaliƒi\\). Two
 other public functions of the minister. Probably Paul does not
 mean for the exhortation to precede the instruction, but the
 reverse in actual public work. Exhortation needs teaching to rest
 it upon, a hint for preachers today.

06617
 \\Neglect not\\ (\\mˆ amelei\\). Present active imperative in prohibition
 of \\amele“\\, old verb, rare in N.T.
 # Mt 22:5; 1Ti 4:14; Heb 2:3; 8:9
 From \\amelˆs\\ (\\a\\ privative and \\melei\\, not to care). Use with
 genitive. \\The gift that is in thee\\ (\\tou en soi charismatos\\). Late
 word of result from \\charizomai\\, in papyri (Preisigke), a regular
 Pauline word in N.T.
 # 1Co 1:7; 2Co 1:11; Ro 1:11
 etc.). Here it is God's gift to Timothy as in
 # 2Ti 1:6
 \\By prophecy\\ (\\dia prophˆteias\\). Accompanied by prophecy
 # 1:18
 not bestowed by prophecy. \\With the laying on of the hands of the\\
 \\presbytery\\ (\\meta epithese“s t“n cheir“n tou presbuteriou\\). In
 # Ac 13:2
 when Barnabas and Saul were formally set apart to the mission
 campaign (not then ordained as ministers, for they were already
 that), there was the call of the Spirit and the laying on of
 hands with prayer. Here again \\meta\\ does not express instrument or
 means, but merely accompaniment. In
 # 2Ti 1:6
 Paul speaks only of his own laying on of hands, but the rest of
 the presbytery no doubt did so at the same time and the reference
 is to this incident. There is no way to tell when and where it
 was done, whether at Lystra when Timothy joined Paul's party or
 at Ephesus just before Paul left Timothy there
 # 1:3
 \\Epithesis\\ (\\from epitithˆmi\\, to lay upon) is an old word, in LXX,
 etc. In the N.T. we find it only here,
 # 2Ti 1:16; Ac 8:18; Heb 6:2
 but the verb \\epitithˆmi\\ with \\tas cheiras\\ more frequently
 # Ac 6:6
 of the deacons;
 # 8:19; 13:3; 1Ti 5:22
 etc.). \\Presbuterion\\ is a late word (ecclesiastical use also),
 first for the Jewish Sanhedrin
 # Lu 22:66; Ac 22:5
 then (here only in N.T.) of Christian elders (common in
 Ignatius), though \\presbuteros\\ (elder) for preachers (bishops) is
 common
 # Ac 11:30; 15:2; 20:17
 etc.).

06618
 \\Be diligent in these things\\ (\\tauta meleta\\). Old verb from \\meletˆ\\
 (care, practice), present active imperative, "keep on practising
 these things." In N.T. only here and
 # Ac 4:25
 \\Give thyself wholly to them\\ (\\en toutois isthi\\). Present
 imperative second person singular of \\eimi\\, "keep on in these
 things." Note five uses of \\en\\ in verse
 # 12
 and three datives in verse
 # 14
 Plutarch (Pomp. 656 B) says Caesar was \\en toutois\\ ("in these
 things"). It is like our "up to his ears" in work (\\in medias res\\)
 and sticking to his task. \\Thy progress\\ (\\sou hˆ prokopˆ\\). _Koin‚_
 word from \\prokopt“\\, to cut forward, to blaze the way, in N.T.
 only here and
 # Php 1:12,25
 Paul's concern (purpose, \\hina\\ and present subjunctive \\ˆi\\ of
 \\eimi\\) is that Timothy's "progress" may be "manifest to all." It
 is inspiring to see a young preacher grow for then the church
 will grow with him.

06619
 \\Take heed to thyself\\ (\\epeche seaut“i\\). Present active imperative
 of old verb \\epech“\\, to hold upon
 # Php 2:1,16
 but here \\ton noun\\ (the mind) must be supplied as in
 # Ac 3:5
 and as is common with \\prosech“\\. With dative case \\seaut“i\\. "Keep
 on paying attention to thyself." Some young preachers are
 careless about their health and habits. Some are too finical. \\And\\
 \\to the teaching\\ (\\kai tˆi didaskaliƒi\\). This is important also.
 \\Continue in these things\\ (\\epimene autois\\). Present active
 imperative of \\epimen“\\, old and common verb to stay by the side of
 a person or thing. See
 # Ro 6:1; Col 1:23
 "Stay by them," "stick to them," "see them through." "Stick to
 the business of framing your own life and your teaching on right
 lines" (Parry). \\Thou shalt save\\ (\\s“seis\\). Future active of \\s“z“\\,
 effective future, finally save. Cf.
 # 1Co 9:27; Joh 10:9

06620
 \\Rebuke not an elder\\ (\\presbuter“i mˆ epiplˆxˆis\\). Dative case
 \\presbuter“i\\ used in the usual sense of an older man, not a
 minister (bishop as in
 # 3:2
 as is shown by "as a father." First aorist (ingressive) active
 subjunctive with negative \\mˆ\\ (prohibition against committing the
 act) of \\epiplˆss“\\, to strike upon, old verb, but here only in
 N.T. and in figurative sense with words rather than with fists.
 Respect for age is what is here commanded, an item appropriate to
 the present time. \\The younger men as brethren\\ (\\ne“terous h“s\\
 \\adelphous\\). Comparative adjective \\ne“teros\\ from \\neos\\ (young). No
 article, "younger men." Wise words for the young minister to know
 how to conduct himself with old men (reverence) and young men
 (fellowship, but not stooping to folly with them).

06621
 \\The elder women as mothers\\ (\\presbuteras h“s mˆteras\\). Anarthrous
 again, "older women as mothers." Respect and reverence once more.
 \\The younger as sisters, in all purity\\ (\\ne“teras h“s adelphas en\\
 \\pasˆi hagniƒi\\). Anarthrous also and comparative form as in verse
 # 1
 See
 # 4:12
 for \\hagnia\\. No sort of behavior will so easily make or mar the
 young preacher as his conduct with young women.

06622
 \\That are widows indeed\\ (\\tas ont“s chˆras\\). For \\ont“s\\ (actually,
 really), see
 # Lu 23:47; 1Co 14:25
 and verse
 # 5
 For widows (\\chˆra\\) see
 # Mr 12:40,42; Ac 6:1; 1Co 7:8
 Parry notes that in verses
 # 3-8
 Paul discusses widows who are in distress and
 # 9-16
 those who are in the employment of the local church for certain
 work. Evidently, as in Acts
 # 6:1-6
 so here in Ephesus there had arisen some trouble over the widows
 in the church. Both for individual cases of need and as a class
 Timothy is to show proper respect (\\timƒ\\, keep on honouring) the
 widows.

06623
 \\Grandchildren\\ (\\ekgona\\). Old word from \\ekginomai\\, here only in
 N.T. \\Let them learn\\ (\\manthanet“san\\). The children and
 grandchildren of a widow. Present active imperative third person
 plural of \\manthan“\\. "Let them keep on learning." \\First\\ (\\pr“ton\\).
 Adverb, first before anything else. No "corban" business here. No
 acts of "piety" toward God will make up for impiety towards
 parents. \\To shew piety\\ (\\eusebein\\). Present active infinitive with
 \\manthanet“san\\ and old verb, in N.T. only here and
 # Ac 17:23
 From \\eusebˆs\\ (\\eu, sebomai\\), pious, dutiful. \\Their own family\\
 (\\ton idion oikon\\). "Their own household." Filial piety is primary
 unless parents interfere with duty to Christ
 # Lu 14:26
 \\To requite\\ (\\amoibas apodidonai\\). Present active infinitive of
 \\apodid“mi\\, to give back, old and common verb
 # Ro 2:6
 to keep on giving back. \\Amoibas\\ (from \\ameibomai\\, to requite like
 for like) is old and common word, but here only in N.T. \\Their\\
 \\parents\\ (\\tois progonois\\). Dative case of old and common word
 \\progonos\\ (from \\proginomai\\, to come before), "ancestor." In N.T.
 only here and
 # 2Ti 1:3
 See
 # 2:3
 for "acceptable" (\\apodekton\\).

06624
 \\Desolate\\ (\\memon“menˆ\\). Perfect passive participle of \\mono“\\ (from
 \\monos\\), "left alone," old verb, here alone in N.T. Without
 husband, children, or other close kin. \\Hath her hope set on God\\
 (\\ˆlpiken epi theon\\). Perfect active indicative of \\elpiz“\\, "hath
 placed her hope (and keeps it) on God." Text doubtful whether God
 (\\theon\\) or Lord (\\Kurion\\). \\Continues\\ (\\prosmenei\\).
 See note on "1Ti 1:3"
 With dative case here. \\Night and day\\ (\\nuktos kai hˆmeras\\). "By
 night and by day" (genitive, not accusative). Paul does not say
 that she should pray "all night and day."

06625
 \\She that giveth herself to pleasure\\ (\\hˆ spatal“sa\\). Present
 active participle of \\splatala“\\, late verb (Polybius) from
 \\spatalˆ\\ (riotous, luxurious living). In N.T. only here and
 # Jas 5:5

06626
 \\That they may be without reproach\\ (\\hina anepilˆmptoi “sin\\). See
 # 3:2
 for \\anepilˆmptos\\. Final clause with \\hina\\ and present subjunctive.

06627
 \\Provideth not for his own\\ (\\t“n idi“n ou pronoei\\). Condition of
 first class with \\ei\\ and present active (or middle \\pronoeitai\\)
 indicative of \\pronoe“\\, old verb, to think beforehand. Pauline
 word in N.T. only here,
 # 2Co 8:21; Ro 12:7
 With genitive case. \\He hath denied the faith\\ (\\tˆn pistin\\
 \\ˆrnˆtai\\). Perfect middle indicative of old verb \\arneomai\\. His act
 of impiety belies
 # Tit 1:16
 his claim to the faith
 # Re 2:13
 \\Worse than an unbeliever\\ (\\apistou cheir“n\\). Ablative case of
 \\apistou\\ after the comparative \\cheir“n\\. Who makes no profession of
 piety.

06628
 \\Let none be enrolled as a widow\\ (\\chˆra katalegesth“\\). Present
 passive imperative of \\kataleg“\\, old verb, to set down in an
 official list, only here in N.T. "Let a widow be enrolled," the
 negative coming later, "having become of no less than sixty
 years" (\\mˆ elatton et“n hexˆkonta gegonuia\\). Second perfect
 active participle of \\ginomai\\. For the case of \\et“n\\, see
 # Lu 2:42
 This list of genuine widows (verses
 # 3,5
 apparently had some kind of church work to do (care for the sick,
 the orphans, etc.). \\The wife of one man\\ (\\henos andros gunˆ\\).
 Widows on this list must not be married a second time. This
 interpretation is not so clear for
 # 3:2,12; Tit 1:6

06629
 \\If she hath brought up children\\ (\\ei eteknotrophˆsen\\). Condition
 of first class. Late and rare word (Aristotle, Epictetus), first
 aorist active indicative of \\teknotrophe“\\ (\\teknotrophos\\, from
 \\teknon, treph“\\), here only in N.T. Qualification for her work as
 leader. \\If she hath used hospitality to strangers\\ (\\ei\\
 \\exenodochˆsen\\). First aorist again and same condition. Late form
 (Dio Cassius) of old verb \\xenodoke“\\ (Herodotus), to welcome
 strangers (\\xenous dechomai\\). Only here in N.T. Hospitality
 another qualification for such leadership
 # 3:2
 \\If she hath washed the saints' feet\\ (\\ei hagi“n podas enipsen\\).
 Same condition and tense of \\nipt“\\ (old form \\niz“\\), common in N.T.
 # Joh 13:5
 Proof of her hospitality, not of its being a church ordinance. \\If\\
 \\she hath relieved the afflicted\\ (\\ei thlibomenois epˆrkesen\\). Same
 condition and tense of \\eparke“\\, to give sufficient aid, old word,
 in N.T. only here and verse
 # 16
 Experience that qualified her for eleemosynary work. \\If she hath\\
 \\diligently followed\\ (\\ei epˆkolouthˆsen\\). Same condition and tense
 of \\epakolouthe“\\, old verb, to follow close upon (\\epi\\). So here,
 verse
 # 24; 1Pe 2:21
 In a word such a widow must show her qualifications for
 leadership as with bishops and deacons.

06630
 \\But younger widows refuse\\ (\\ne“teras de chˆras paraitou\\). Present
 middle imperative as in
 # 4:7
 "Beg off from." They lack experience as above and they have other
 ambitions. \\When they have waxed wanton\\ (\\hotan katastrˆnias“sin\\).
 First aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive of \\katastrˆnia“\\,
 late compound (only here and Ignatius), to feel the impulse of
 sexual desire, but simplex \\strˆnia“\\
 # Re 18:7,9
 Souter renders it here "exercise youthful vigour against Christ"
 (\\tou Christou\\, genitive case after \\kata\\ in composition).

06631
 \\Condemnation\\ (\\krima\\). See
 # 3:6
 \\They have rejected\\ (\\ˆthetˆsan\\). First aorist passive of \\athete“\\,
 late verb (first in LXX and Polybius), to reject, set aside (from
 \\athetos\\). See
 # 1Th 4:8; Ga 2:21
 \\Their first faith\\ (\\tˆn pr“tˆn pistin\\). "Their first pledge"
 (promise, contract) to Christ. It is like breaking the marriage
 contract. Evidently one of the pledges on joining the order of
 widows was not to marry. Parry suggests a kind of ordination as
 with deacons and bishops (technical use of \\krima\\ and \\pistis\\).

06632
 \\And withal\\ (\\hama de kai\\). See
 # Phm 1:22
 for this very phrase, "and at the same time also." Such young
 enrolled widows have other perils also. \\They learn to be idle\\
 (\\argai manthanousin\\). There is no \\einai\\ (to be) in the Greek.
 This very idiom without \\einai\\ after \\manthan“\\ occurs in Plato and
 Dio Chrysostom, though unusual. \\Argai\\ (idle) is old adjective (\\a\\
 privative and \\ergon\\, without work). See
 # Mt 20:3; Tit 1:12
 \\Going about\\ (\\perierchomenai\\). Present middle participle of
 \\perierchomai\\, old compound verb. See
 # Ac 19:13
 of strollers. \\From house to house\\ (\\tas oikias\\). Literally "the
 houses," "wandering around the houses." Vivid picture of idle
 tattlers and gossipers. \\But tattlers also\\ (\\alla kai phluaroi\\).
 Old word from \\phlu“\\ (to boil up, to throw up bubbles, like
 blowing soap bubbles). Only here in N.T. \\Phluare“\\ in
 # 3Jo 1:10
 only in N.T. \\And busybodies\\ (\\kai periergoi\\). Old word (from \\peri,\\
 \\ergon\\), busy about trifles to the neglect of important matters.
 In N.T. only here and
 # Ac 19:19
 See
 # 2Th 3:11
 for \\periergazomai\\. \\Things which they ought not\\ (\\ta mˆ deonta\\).
 "The not necessary things," and, as a result, often harmful. See
 # Tit 1:11
 \\ha mˆ dei\\ (which things are not necessary).

06633
 \\I desire\\ (\\boulomai\\). See
 # 2:8
 \\The younger widows\\ (\\ne“teras\\). No article and no word for widows,
 though that is clearly the idea. \\Ne“teras\\ is accusative of
 general reference with \\gamein\\ (to marry) the object (present
 infinitive active) of \\boulomai\\. \\Bear children\\ (\\teknogonein\\). A
 compound verb here only in N.T. and nowhere else save in Anthol.
 See \\teknogonia\\ in
 # 2:15
 \\Rule the household\\ (\\oikodespotein\\). Late verb from \\oikodespotˆs\\
 # Mr 14:14
 twice in the papyri, only here in N.T. Note that the wife is here
 put as ruler of the household, proper recognition of her
 influence, "new and improved position" (Liddon) . \\Occasion\\
 (\\aphormˆn\\). Old word (\\apo, hormˆ\\), a base to rush from, Pauline
 use in
 # 2Co 5:12; 11:12; Ga 5:13
 \\To the adversary\\ (\\t“i antikeimen“i\\). Dative case of the articular
 participle of \\antikeimai\\, a Pauline idiom
 # Php 1:28
 \\Reviling\\ (\\loidorias\\). Old word (from \\loidore“\\), in N.T. only here
 and
 # 1Pe 3:9
 Genitive case with \\charin\\.

06634
 \\Are turned aside\\ (\\exetrapˆsan\\). Second aorist (effective) passive
 indicative of \\ektrep“\\. See
 # 1:6
 \\After Satan\\ (\\opis“ tou Satanƒ\\). "Behind Satan." Late use of
 \\opis“\\ (behind) as a preposition. Used by Jesus of disciples
 coming behind (after) him
 # Mt 16:24

06635
 \\That believeth\\ (\\pistˆ\\). "Believing woman." \\Hath widows\\ (\\echei\\
 \\chˆras\\). The "any believing woman" is one of the household-rulers
 of verse
 # 14
 The "widows" here are the widows dependent on her and who are
 considered as candidates to be enrolled in the list. \\Let her\\
 \\relieve them\\ (\\eparkeit“ autais\\). For this verb (imperative
 present active) see verse
 # 10
 \\Let not be burdened\\ (\\mˆ bareisth“\\). Present passive imperative
 (in prohibition \\mˆ\\) of \\bare“\\, old verb (\\baros\\, burden),
 Pauline word
 # 2Co 1:8
 \\That are widows indeed\\ (\\tais ont“s chˆrais\\). Dative case with
 \\eparkesˆi\\ (first aorist active subjunctive with \\hina\\, final
 clause). See verse
 # 3
 for this use of \\ont“s\\ with \\chˆrais\\ "the qualified and enrolled
 widows." Cf. verse
 # 9

06636
 \\The elders that rule well\\ (\\hoi kal“s proest“tes presbuteroi\\). See
 verse
 # 1
 for ordinary sense of \\presbuteros\\ for "older man." But here of
 position in same sense as \\episkopos\\
 # 3:2
 as in
 # Tit 1:5
 = \\episkopos\\ in verse
 # 7
 Cf. Luke's use of \\presbuteros\\
 # Ac 20:17
 = Paul's \\episkopous\\
 # Ac 20:28
 \\Proest“tes\\ is second perfect active participle of \\proistˆmi\\
 (intransitive use) for which see
 # 3:4
 \\Let be counted worthy\\ (\\axiousth“san\\). Present passive imperative
 of \\axio“\\, to deem worthy
 # 2Th 1:11
 With genitive case here. \\Of double honour\\ (\\diplˆs timˆs\\). Old and
 common contract adjective (\\diploos\\, two-fold, in opposition to
 \\haploos\\, single fold). But why "of double honour"? See
 # 6:1
 for "of all honour." White suggests "remuneration" rather than
 "honour" for \\timˆs\\ (a common use for price or pay). Liddon
 proposes "honorarium" (both honour and pay and so "double").
 Wetstein gives numerous examples of soldiers receiving double pay
 for unusual services. Some suggest twice the pay given the
 enrolled widows. \\Especially those who labour in word and\\
 \\teaching\\ (\\malista hoi kopi“ntes en log“i kai didaskaliƒi\\). Either
 those who work hard or toil (usual meaning of \\kopia“\\,
 # 2Ti 2:6
 in preaching and teaching (most probable meaning. See verse
 # 18
 or those who teach and preach and not merely preside (a doubtful
 distinction in "elders" at this time). See
 # Tit 1:8
 See both \\kopia“\\ and \\proistamai\\ used for same men (elders) in
 # 1Th 5:12
 and the use of \\kopia“\\ in
 # 1Co 15:10; 16:16

06637
 \\Thou shalt not muzzle\\ (\\ou phim“seis\\). Prohibition by \\ou\\ and
 future (volitive) indicative of \\phimo“\\ (from \\phimos\\, muzzle), old
 word, quoted also in
 # 1Co 9:9
 as here from
 # De 25:4
 and for the same purpose, to show the preacher's right to pay for
 his work. See
 # 1Co 9:9
 for \\alo“nta\\ (\\when he treadeth out the corn\\). \\The labourer is\\
 \\worthy of his hire\\ (\\axios ho ergatˆs tou misthou autou\\). These
 words occur in precisely this form in
 # Lu 10:7
 It appears also in
 # Mt 10:10
 with \\tˆs trophˆs\\ (food) instead of \\tou misthou\\. In
 # 1Co 9:14
 Paul has the sense of it and says: "so also the Lord ordained,"
 clearly meaning that Jesus had so said. It only remains to tell
 whether Paul here is quoting an unwritten saying of Jesus as he
 did in
 # Ac 20:35
 or even the Gospel of Luke or Q (the Logia of Jesus). There is no
 way to decide this question. If Luke wrote his Gospel before A.D.
 62 as is quite possible and Acts by A.D. 63, he could refer to
 the Gospel. It is not clear whether Scripture is here meant to
 apply to this quotation from the Lord Jesus. For \\ergatˆs\\
 (labourer) see
 # Php 3:2

06638
 \\Against an elder\\ (\\kata presbuterou\\). In the official sense of
 verses
 # 17
 \\Receive not\\ (\\mˆ paradechou\\). Present middle imperative with \\mˆ\\
 (prohibition) of \\paradechomai\\, to receive, to entertain. Old
 verb. See
 # Ac 22:18
 \\Accusation\\ (\\katˆgorian\\). Old word (from \\katˆgoros\\). In N.T. only
 here,
 # Tit 1:6; Joh 18:29
 in critical text. \\Except\\ (\\ektos ei mˆ\\). For this double
 construction see
 # 1Co 14:5; 15:2
 \\At the mouth of\\ (\\epi\\). Idiomatic use of \\epi\\ (upon the basis of)
 as in
 # 2Co 13:1

06639
 \\Them that sin\\ (\\tous hamartanontas\\). The elders who continue to
 sin (present active participle). \\In the sight of all\\ (\\en“pion\\
 \\pant“n\\). "In the eye of (\\ho en opi “n\\, the one who is in the eye
 of, then combined = \\en“pion\\) all" the elders (or even of the
 church). See next verse
 # 21
 and
 # Ga 1:20
 Public rebuke when a clear case, not promiscuous gossip. \\May be\\
 \\in fear\\ (\\phobon ech“sin\\). Present active subjunctive with \\hina\\
 (final clause), "may keep on having fear" (of exposure).
 Possibly, "the rest of the elders."

06640
 \\The elect angels\\ (\\t“n eklekt“n aggel“n\\). For this triad of God,
 Christ, angels, see
 # Lu 9:26
 "Elect" in the sense of the "holy" angels who kept their own
 principality
 # Jude 1:6
 and who did not sin
 # 2Pe 2:4
 Paul shows his interest in angels in
 # 1Co 4:9; 11:10
 \\Observe\\ (\\phulaxˆis\\). First aorist active subjunctive of \\phulass“\\,
 to guard, to keep
 # Ro 2:26
 Subfinal use of \\hina\\. \\Without prejudice\\ (\\ch“ris prokrimatos\\).
 Late and rare word (from \\prokin“\\, to judge beforehand), three
 times in the papyri, here only in N.T. "Without prejudgment." \\By\\
 \\partiality\\ (\\kata prosklisin\\). Late word from \\prosklin“\\, to
 incline towards one
 # Ac 5:36
 only here in N.T.

06641
 \\Lay hands hastily\\ (\\cheiras tache“s epitithei\\). Present active
 imperative of \\epitithˆmi\\ in the sense of approval (ordination) as
 in
 # Ac 6:6; 13:3
 But it is not clear whether it is the case of ministers just
 ordained as in
 # 4:14
 (\\epithesis\\), or of warning against hasty ordination of untried
 men, or the recognition and restoration of deposed ministers
 (verse
 # 20
 as suits the context. The prohibition suits either situation, or
 both. \\Be partakers of other men's sins\\ (\\koin“nei hamartiais\\
 \\allotriais\\). Present active imperative of \\koin“ne“\\ (from
 \\koin“nos\\, partner) with \\mˆ\\ in prohibition with associative
 instrumental case as in
 # 2Jo 1:11; Ro 12:13
 On \\allotrios\\ (belonging to another) see
 # Ro 14:4
 \\Keep thyself pure\\ (\\seauton hagnon tˆrei\\). "Keep on keeping
 thyself pure." Present active imperative of \\tˆre“\\.

06642
 \\Be no longer a drinker of water\\ (\\mˆketi hudropotei\\). Present
 active imperative (prohibition) of \\hudropote“\\, old verb (from
 \\hudropotˆs\\, water drinker, \\hud“r, pin“\\), here only in N.T. Not
 complete asceticism, but only the need of some wine urged in
 Timothy's peculiar physical condition (a sort of medical
 prescription for this case). \\But use a little wine\\ (\\alla ain“i\\
 \\olig“i chr“\\). Present middle imperative of \\chraomai\\ with
 instrumental case. The emphasis is on \\olig“i\\ (a little). \\For thy\\
 \\stomach's sake\\ (\\dia ton stomachon\\). Old word from \\stoma\\ (mouth).
 In Homer throat, opening of the stomach (Aristotle), stomach in
 Plutarch. Here only in N.T. Our word "stomach." \\Thine often\\
 \\infirmities\\ (\\tas puknas sou astheneias\\). \\Puknos\\ is old word,
 dense, frequent. In N.T. only here,
 # Lu 5:33; Ac 24:26
 \\Astheneias\\ = weaknesses, lack of strength
 # Ro 8:26
 Timothy was clearly a semi-invalid.

06643
 \\Evident\\ (\\prodˆloi\\). "Openly plain," "plain before all." Old word,
 in N.T. only here and
 # Heb 7:24
 \\Going before unto judgment\\ (\\proagousai eis krisin\\). See
 # 1:18
 for \\proag“\\. The sins are so plain that they receive instant
 condemnation. \\And some men also they follow after\\ (\\tisin de kai\\
 \\epakolouthousin\\). Associative instrumental case \\tisin\\ with
 \\epakolouthousin\\ for which verb see verse
 # 10
 "dog their steps" (Parry) like
 # 1Pe 2:21
 not clearly manifest at first, but come out plainly at last. How
 true that is of secret sins.

06644
 \\Such as are otherwise\\ (\\ta all“s echonta\\). "Those (deeds, \\erga\\)
 which have it otherwise." That is good deeds not clearly
 manifest. \\Cannot be hid\\ (\\krubˆnai ou dunantai\\). Second aorist
 passive infinitive of \\krupt“\\. There is comfort here for modest
 preachers and other believers whose good deeds are not known and
 not blazoned forth. They will come out in the end. See
 # Mt 5:14-16

06645
 \\Under the yoke\\ (\\hupo zugon\\). As slaves (\\douloi\\, bondsmen).
 Perhaps under heathen masters
 # 1Pe 2:18
 For the slave problem, see also
 # Phm 1; Col 3:22; Eph 6:5; Tit 2:9
 See
 # Mt 11:29
 for Christ's "yoke" (\\zugon\\, from \\zeugnumi\\, to join). \\Their own\\
 \\masters\\ (\\tous idious despotas\\). That is always where the shoe
 pinches. Our "despot" is this very Greek word, the strict
 correlative of slave (\\doulos\\), while \\kurios\\ has a wider outlook.
 Old word only here,
 # Tit 2:9; 2Ti 2:21; 1Pe 2:18
 for human masters. Applied to God in
 # Lu 2:29; Ac 4:24,29
 and to Christ in
 # 2Pe 2:1
 \\The name of God\\ (\\to onoma tou theou\\). See
 # Ro 2:24
 If the heathen could say that Christian slaves were not as
 dependable as non-Christian slaves. Negative purpose with \\hina\\
 \\mˆ\\ and present passive subjunctive (\\blasphˆmˆtai\\).

06646
 \\Let not despise them\\ (\\mˆ kataphroneit“san\\). Negative imperative
 active third plural of \\kataphrone“\\, to think down on. See
 # 4:12
 He must not presume on the equality of Christian brotherhood not
 allowed by the state's laws. Some of these Christian slaves might
 be pastors of churches to which the master belonged. For the
 difficulty of the Christian master's position, see
 # 1Co 7:22; Phm 1:16
 \\But rather\\ (\\alla mallon\\). Render the Christian Master better
 service. \\They that partake of the benefit\\ (\\hoi tˆs energesias\\
 \\antilambanomenoi\\). For \\euergesias\\ (genitive case after
 participle) see
 # Ac 4:9
 only other N.T. example of this old word. Present middle
 participle of \\antilamban“\\, old verb, to take in turn, to lay fast
 hold of, in N.T. only here,
 # Lu 1:54; Ac 20:35

06647
 \\Teacheth a different doctrine\\ (\\heterodidaskalei\\). See
 # 1:3
 for this verb, present active indicative here in condition of
 first class. \\Consenteth not\\ (\\mˆ proserchetai\\). Also condition of
 first class with \\mˆ\\ instead of \\ou\\. \\Proserchomai\\ (old verb, to
 come to, to approach, with dative) is common enough in N.T.
 # Heb 4:16; 7:25
 etc.), but in the metaphorical sense of coming to one's ideas,
 assenting to, here only in N.T., but is so used in Philo and
 Irenaeus (Ellicott). \\Sound words\\ (\\hugiainousin logois\\). See
 # 1:10
 for \\hugiain“\\. \\The words of our Lord Jesus Christ\\ (\\tois tou kuriou\\
 \\hˆm“n Iˆsou Christou\\). Either subjective genitive (the words from
 the Lord Jesus, a collection of his sayings in Lock's opinion
 like
 # 5:18; Ac 20:35
 at least in the Spirit of Jesus as
 # Ac 16:7; 1Co 11:23
 or objective genitive about Jesus like
 # 2Ti 1:8; 1Co 1:18
 \\According to godliness\\ (\\kata eusebeian\\). Promoting (designed for)
 godliness as in
 # Tit 1:1

06648
 \\He is puffed up\\ (\\tetuph“tai\\). Perfect passive indicative of
 \\tupho“\\, for which see
 # 3:6
 \\Knowing nothing\\ (\\mˆden epistamenos\\). Present middle participle of
 \\epistamai\\. Ignorance is a frequent companion of conceit. \\Doting\\
 (\\nos“n\\). Present active participle of \\nose“\\, to be sick, to be
 morbid over, old word, only here in N.T. \\Disputes of words\\
 (\\logomachias\\). Our "logomachy." From \\logomache“\\
 # 2Ti 2:14
 and that from \\logos\\ and \\machomai\\, to fight over words, late and
 rare word, here only in N.T. See Plato (_Tim_. 1085 F) for "wars
 in words" (\\machas en logois\\). \\Whereof\\ (\\ex h“n\\). "From which
 things." \\Surmisings\\ (\\huponoiai\\). Old word from \\huponoe“\\, to
 surmise, to suspect
 # Ac 25:18
 only here in N.T. All these words are akin (envy, \\phthonos\\,
 strife, \\eris\\, railings or slanders, \\blasphˆmiai\\), all products of
 an ignorant and conceited mind.

06649
 \\Wranglings\\ (\\diaparatribai\\). Late and rare (Clem. of Alex.) double
 compound (\\dia\\, mutual or thorough, \\paratribai\\, irritations or
 rubbings alongside). "Mutual irritations" (Field). \\Corrupted in\\
 \\mind\\ (\\diephtharmen“n ton noun\\). Perfect passive participle of
 \\diaphtheir“\\, to corrupt, genitive case agreeing with \\anthr“p“n\\
 (of men) and retaining the accusative \\ton noun\\. \\Bereft of the\\
 \\truth\\ (\\apesterˆmen“n tˆs alˆtheias\\). Perfect passive participle
 of \\apostere“\\, old verb
 # 1Co 6:8
 with the ablative case after it (\\alˆtheias\\). \\A way of gain\\
 (\\porismon\\). Late word from \\poriz“\\, to provide, to gain. Only here
 in N.T. "Rich Christians." Predicate accusative with \\einai\\
 (indirect assertion) in apposition with \\eusebeian\\, the accusative
 of general reference.