Archive-Name: bulgaria-faq This is the latest version of the FAQ (frequently asked question) list for the soc.culture.bulgaria newsgroup. It appears on s.c.b. approximately once a month. Remarks: 1. Please read this FAQ list before posting to soc.culture.bulgaria. 2. The names in parentheses after each question are the contributor's, which is sometimes a different person than the author of the quoted text. 3. The FAQ is a collection of materials, rather than a complete reference. 4. Some of the information may be out of date, so please be careful and take everything with a grain of salt. I don't assume any responsibility for wrong information. 5. This FAQ is available through anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA Please read the answer to 1.2. for more information about this. In this site there is also a small archive of files which are related to soc.culture.bulgaria but I didn't want to include in the FAQ. 6. Some FAQ have pretty long answers. I have put those FAQ in separate files. Currently, they reside in the ftp site (see 5. above). These FAQ are marked with the "@" symbol in the table of contents. 7. I need suggestions as to what parts of the FAQ to keep, what parts to move to the ftp site and what new parts to include. 8. Of course, this FAQ (as well as all other approved FAQ) is available by anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu in either of the following directories: /pub/usenet-by-group/soc.culture.bulgaria OR /pub/usenet-by-hierarchy/soc/culture/bulgaria 9. The maintainer of this list is Dragomir R. Radev (radev@cs.columbia.edu) Any comments and corrections are more than welcome. So are contributions. Please help make the FAQ really helpful and interesting. ======================================================================= * T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S * ======================================================================= ****** Part 0. INTRODUCTION ******************************************* 0-0 Bulgaria - Ancient and Young (@) (by Rossen Zlatev) 0-1 Bulgaria - consular information sheet (from the U.S. State Department) 0-2 Major cities and universities in Bulgaria (source: Bulgarian-American Fulbright Commission) 0-3 Information about the Bulgarian industry (@) (from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia) 0-4 Information about the Bulgarian health care system (@) (from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia) 0-5 World Factbook on Bulgaria (@) (from the CIA World Factbook, 1991) ****** Part 1. THE SOC.CULTURE.BULGARIA NEWSGROUP ********************* 1-1 How was this newsgroup created (by Ivan Petrov) 1-2 How to get the FAQ from an FTP site (by Dragomir R. Radev) ****** Part 2. CONNECTIVITY ******************************************* 2-1 What are the frequencies and schedules of radio stations related to Bulgaria (Radio Sofia, VoA, RFE, Deutsche Welle, etc.) (by Vladi, Samuel Haimov) (This article is in Bulgarian) 2-2 How to talk to other people and how to read on-line news from Bulgaria (by Jivko Kolchev) (This article is in Bulgarian) 2-3 How to get information about Eastern Europe (including Bulgaria) by fax (@) (by James Reese) 2-4 Which telephone company offers best deals for calling Bulgaria from the USA (by Plamen Bliznakov) 2-5 Bulgarian E-mail addresses (from comp.mail.maps) 2-6 How to subscribe to the Radio Free Europe daily on-line news bulletin (by Dragomir R. Radev) 2-7 How to subscribe to the Eastern European Listserv bulletin (by Dragomir R. Radev) 2-8 How to use the AT&T calling card to call from Bulgaria (by Dragomir R. Radev) 2-9 How to read Bulgarian newspapers in NYC (by Dragomir R. Radev) 2-10 How to play 'tabla' (backgammon) against human players on the Internet 2-11 What is the schedule of Scola OR How to watch Bulgarian TV news in the USA ****** Part 3. CUISINE ************************************************ REMARK: The measures given are not in the metric system (that's how the original postings were). Please someone help me convert those back to metric system units. 3-1 Bulgarian cuisine (@) (by Rumi Radenska) 3-2 How to make baklava (@) (by Chris Kantarjiev) 3-3 How to make Bulgarian yogurt in the U.S. (@) (by Nikolay Mehandjiev, Rumi Radenska, and others) 3-4 Other Bulgarian Recipes (@) (by Jan Terziyski) ****** Part 4. MUSIC AND DANCE **************************************** 4-1 Bulgarian music on CD's (by Brian Sutin) 4-2 Bulgarian musical instruments (by Brian Sutin) 4-3 Bulgarian folk dance (by Ersch Rotholz) 4-4 Bulgarian folk dance (by Jim Garrett) 4-5 Bulgarian records (by Paul Amblard) 4-6 Bulgarian music : 20th Century (by Luben Boyanov) 4-7 Addresses of Bulgarian musical companies (by Luben Boyanov) ****** Part 5. LANGUAGE *********************************************** 5-1 Modern Bulgarian Language courses (by Kitty Kagay, Ken Grau, Prashant Dave, and Dragomir R. Radev) 5-2 How to pronounce Bulgarian (by Dragomir R. Radev) 5-3 Where can one get Cyrillic font drivers (by Slavtcho Nikolov) 5-4 Cyrillic font drivers (by Brian Burtt) 5-5 Cyrillic font drivers (by Dragomir R. Radev) 5-6 Cyrillic font drivers (by Radosvet Todorov) 5-7 Cyrillic font drivers (by Valentin Todorov) (This article is in Bulgarian) 5-8 Cyrillic font drivers (by Stanislav Todorov) 5-9 Transliteration (by Jan Labanowski) 5-10 How to count in Bulgarian (by Dragomir R. Radev) ****** Part 6. CONTACTS *********************************************** 6-1 Voice/fax numbers of the bulgarian embassy in US (by Alex Haralampiev) 6-2 U.S. Information Sources On Bulgaria (source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business Bulletin) 6-3 Useful Contacts in Bulgaria (source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business Bulletin) 6-4 How to reach the Americal University in Bulgaria (by Karen Colburn and Gregory Gouzev) 6-5 What is the address of the Bulgarian chapter of the Association of Computing Machinery 6-6 How to reach the AAPBC (American Association for the Promotion of Bulgarian Culture) (@) (by Mincho Tsankov) ****** Part 7. POLITICS *********************************************** 7-1 Bulgaria's New Cabinet (as of December 1992) (source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business Bulletin) 7-2 How much taxes do Bulgarians pay (by Yulian Donchev) (This article is in Bulgarian) ****** Part 8. SPORTS ************************************************* 8-1 How did Bulgaria perform at the 1992 Olympic Games (by Dragomir R. Radev) 8-2 How did Bulgaria perform at the World Football (Soccer) Cups (by Karel Stokkermans) 8-3 How did Bulgarian teams perform in the 1993-94 UEFA cups (by Dragomir R. Radev) 8-4 Who are the most famous Bulgarian athletes of all times (by Dragomir R. Radev) ****** Part 9. MEETING PLACE ****************************************** 9-1 Where's the Bulgarian club in Chicago (by Vassil Peytchev) 9-2 Some advice from an American who visited Bulgaria in 1991 (@) (by Rick Speer) 9-3 Prices of buildings in Bulgaria (by Peter Yovchev) (This article is in Bulgarian) 9-4 Prices of real-estate in Bulgaria (by Plamen Bliznakov) (This article is in Bulgarian) 9-5 How to use credit cards in Bulgaria (by Plamen Bliznakov) 9-6 How much does it cost to fly from the USA to Bulgaria and back (by Plamen Bliznakov) 9-7 Can Bulgarians exchange leva for hard currency (by Vassil Peychev) 9-8 Bringing electrical devices to Bulgaria (by Dragomir R. Radev) 9-9 Visit to Varna (by Austin Kelly) 9-10 Visit to Bulgaria (by Jan Terziyski) 9-11 Tourist Information 9-12 Visa Information Archive (by Vadim Maslov) 9-13 Travel Information Archive ****** Part 10. HISTORY *********************************************** 10-1 What did Leland Buxton write about Bulgarians (by Luben Boyanov) 10-2 Book about Bulgarian history (by Luben Boyanov) 10-3 Who is John Atanasoff (by Luben Boyanov) 10-4 When was Bulgaria declared independent (by Luben Boyanov) (This article is in Bulgarian) 10-5 Bulgaria and World War II (by Luben Boyanov) ****** Part 11. TRADITIONS & RELIGION ********************************* 11-1 What do Bulgarians celebrate on March 1 (by Luben Boyanov, Vassil Peychev, and Tanya Vassilevski) 11-2 What is Gergyovden (by Luben Boyanov) 11-3 What are Bulgaria's national holidays (by Dragomir R. Radev) 11-4 What are the roots of Bulgarian Orthodoxy (by Luben Boyanov) 11-5 What are the features of Orthodox religion (by Jan Terziyski) 11-6 What is the origin of Petkovden (by Peter Yovchev) (This article is in Bulgarian) ****** Part 12. LITERATURE ******************************************** 12-1 Bulgarian Literary Archive (contributed by Luben Boyanov, Gergana Haralampieva, Ivan Vassilev, and Dragomir R. Radev) ============================================================================= Helpful comments were also provided by the following people: Hristo Houbaviy Jonathan Newquist Charles Power Vassil Peychev Maria Handjieva ============================================================================= A N S W E R S ============================================================================= 0-0 INTRODUCTION (by Rossen Zlatev) Note: This article is currently under review. Please send me your comments. For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-0-0.TXT ============================================================================= 0-1 Bulgaria - consular information sheet (from the U.S. State Department) To obtain similar information before your departure, you can call: (202) 647 5225 (USA). This is a 24-hour service. To obtain information about immunization requirements, call: (404) 332 4559. Have pen and paper ready with you. April 29, 1993 Country Description: Bulgaria is a moderately developed European nation undergoing profound political and economic changes. Impassioned debate, political rallies, and periods of strike activity are regular features of the scene. They do not typically pose a threat to U.S. citizens. Tourist facilities are not highly developed, aveloped, and many of the goods and services taken for granted in other European countries are not yet available. Entry Requirements: A passport is required. A visa is not required for tourist visits of less than 30 days. An AIDS test is required for those staying more than one month for purposes of study or work; U.S. tests are not accepted. For further information concerning entry requirements, travelers can contact the Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria at 1621 22nd Street N.W., Washington, D.Cton, D.C. 20008, Tel: (202) 387-7969. Medical Facilities: Medical facilities are limited. Some medicines are in short supply. Doctors and hospitals often expect immediate cash payment for health services. U.S. medical insurance is not always valid outside the United States. Travelers have found that in some cases, supplemental medical insurance with specific overseas coverage has proved to be useful. Further information on health matters can be obtained from the Centers for Disease Control's international travelers hotline at (404) 332-4559. Crime Information: Bulgaria has a low rate of violent crime. Recently, however, street crime has increased, especially at night near major hotels and restaurants. The loss or theft abroad of a U.S. passport should be reported immediately to the local police and the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate. The Department of State's pamphlets "A Safe Trip Abroad" and "Tips for Travelers to Eastern Europe" are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. They provide information on travel to the region and protecting personal security while traveling abroad. Drug Penalties: U.S. citizens are subject to the laws of the country in which they are traveling. Penalties for possession, use, or dealing in illegal drugs are strict, and convicted offenders can expect jail sentences and fines. Registration: U.S. citizens who register in the Consular Section of the U.S. Embassy can obtain updated information on travel and security within Bulgaria. Embassy Location: The U.S. Embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria, is located at 1 Suborna (formerly 1 A. Stamboliski Boulevard); telephone (359-2) 88-48-01 to -05. The Consular Section of the Embassy is located at 1 Kapitan Andreev Street in Sofia; telephone numbers are the same. No. 93-067 This replaces the Consular Information Sheet dated October 7, 1992, to give the new address of the U.S. Embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria, and to add information on reporting the loss or theft abroad of a U.S. passport. ============================================================================= 0-2 Major cities and universities in Bulgaria (source: Bulgarian-American Fulbright Commission) Sofia, the capital, is the largest city with a population of 1.3 million and a dominant position in the country's economic, political, and cultural life. The St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia is the oldest university in Bulgaria, having been granted its charter in 1909, and is the largest and most advanced educational and research center in the country. Students can select among fifty programs in the Humanities and Sciences, Social Sciences, and Business Administration. More than 20,000 students were enrolled in the sixteen faculties of the university during the 1992/1993 academic year. The main building of the University, which is architecturally one of the most remarkable buildings in Sofia, was designed by the French architect Breanson. The University Library plays an important part in the history of the St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia. The Library stock of books exceeds 1.5 mln volumes. Among the other higher educational institutions of Sofia are: The University of National and World Economics, The Higher Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering, The Medical Academy, The Academy of Fine Arts, The Higher School of Drama and many more. Plovdiv, the second largest city in Bulgaria, is located in the Thracian Plain in Southern Bulgaria. Plovdiv was built on seven hills along the Maritsa River, and its ancient history and especially its picturesque old town, lend the city a characteristic charm. The University of Plovdiv was established in 1961. During the 30-year period of its existence, the University of Plovdiv has grown into a presti- gious institution of higher education offering a variety of majors combined with teacher training. Varna (ancient Odessos), is the third largest city and is often referred to as the sea capital of Bulgaria. It is internationally famous for its seaside resorts of Zlatni Pyassatsi (Golden Sands) and St. Constantine. Varna is a university city as well, with the following major higher institu- tions: The Higher Institute of Economics and The Varna Polytechnic. Veliko Turnovo, the former medieval capital of Bulgaria, is a university town in North-Central Bulgaria, also famous for its archaeological and architectural heritage. The Sts. Cyril and Methodius University is the second well-established University in Bulgaria with over 10,000 students. Blagoevgrad, about 100 km south of Sofia, is known for the American Univer- sity in Bulgaria (AUBG), founded there in 1990 and the Bulgarian South- Western University. At AUBG English is the language of instruction and eva- luation procedures follow the US academic system. Most of the faculty are American scholars. The other higher educational institution in Blagoevgrad is the Southwestern University where the emphasis is on the humanities and teacher training. ============================================================================= 0-3 Information about the Bulgarian industry (from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia) BULGARIA - ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY PROFILE - IMI930716 SUMMARY This article is derived from a telegraphic report dated 16 July 1993, prepared at the American Embassy - Sofia. It discusses the Bulgarian electronics industry. The article consists of 2 pages. For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-0-3.TXT ============================================================================= 0-4 Information about the Bulgarian health care system (from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia) BULGARIA - HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY PROFILE - IMI930730 SUMMARY This article is derived from a telegraphic report dated 30 July 1993, prepared at the American Embassy - Sofia. It discusses health care in Bulgaria. The article consists of 3 pages. For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-0-4.TXT ============================================================================= 0-5 World Factbook on Bulgaria (from the CIA World Factbook, 1991) ------------ Geography Total area: 110,910 km2; land area: 110,550 km2 Comparative area: slightly larger than Tennessee Land boundaries: 1,881 km total; Greece 494 km, Romania 608 km, Turkey 240 km, Yugoslavia 539 km Coastline: 354 km Contiguous zone: 24 nm; Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm; Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: Macedonia question with Greece and Yugoslavia Climate: temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers Terrain: mostly mountains with lowlands in north and south Natural resources: bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land Land use: arable land 34%; permanent crops 3%; meadows and pastures 18%; forest and woodland 35%; other 10%; includes irrigated 11% Environment: subject to earthquakes, landslides; deforestation; air pollution Note: strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia ------------ People Population: 8,910,622 (July 1991), growth rate - 0.2% (1991) Birth rate: 13 births/1,000 population (1991) Death rate: 12 deaths/1,000 population (1991) Net migration rate: - 3 migrants/1,000 population (1991) Infant mortality rate: 13 deaths/1,000 live births (1991) Life expectancy at birth: 69 years male, 76 years female (1991) Total fertility rate: 1.9 children born/woman (1991) Nationality: noun--Bulgarian(s); adjective--Bulgarian Ethnic divisions: Bulgarian 85.3%, Turk 8.5%, Gypsy 2.6%, Macedonian 2.5%, Armenian 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, other 0.6% Religion: Bulgarian Orthodox 85%; Muslim 13%; Jewish 0.8%; Roman Catholic 0.5%; Uniate Catholic 0.2%; Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 0.5% Language: Bulgarian; secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown Literacy: 93% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write (1970 est.) Labor force: 4,300,000; industry 33%, agriculture 20%, other 47% (1987) For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-0-5.TXT ============================================================================= 1-1 How was this newsgroup created (by Ivan Petrov) The proposal was made on Oct.10 1991 and read as follows: "I am submitting a request for discussion to create a new newsgroup SOC.CULTURE.BULGARIA. Why: The country is being reborn. Politics, economy and culture are rapidly changing. History is being given a fresh look. Free exchange of information and ideas is essential. The input of everyone interested in Bulgarian society and culture is important. Besides: Older waves of emigration were followed by a new one. There is a need to create links between Bulgarians around the world and to sustain the connection with the home country. CHARTER: To promote exchange of information and ideas on all aspects of Bulgarian culture and society. STATUS: Unmoderated The proposal appeared in news.newgroups on Oct.16, opening a 30 days discussion period. Vassil and Luben were the most active participants. Voting took place between Nov. 21 and Dec. 15, 1991 and was processed by Svilen Tzonev and myself. Here is a portion of the announcement of the results "I am happy to announce that soc.culture.bulgaria received a favorable vote. A total of 270 people voted of which 241 in support and 29 against. The numbers meet the criteria for a successful vote by a wide margin. YES - NO = 212 > 100 and YES >> 2 x NO" ... It is up to us now to make it an interesting and viable group by supplying information, asking questions, answering questions etc..." The group was created on Dec.24, 1991 (rozhdestvo Hristovo i Grupovo) and the first posting appeared on Dec.30, 1991. ============================================================================= 1-2 How to get the FAQ from an FTP site (by Dragomir R. Radev) 1. Type 'ftp shiva.cs.columbia.edu' 2. For login: type 'anonymous' 3. For password: type your e-mail address. For example: 'joe.doe@nowhere.bitnet' 4. Then enter 'cd BULGARIA' 5. Enter 'dir' to see a listing of the files currently available 6. Use 'mget ' to get a given file 7. Use 'mget *' to get all files 8. After you're done, enter 'quit' If you have problems with the above, please contact me at radev@cs.columbia.edu ============================================================================= 2-1 What are the frequencies and schedules of radio stations related to Bulgaria. (by Vladi, Samuel Haimov) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Radio Bulgaria, Frequency Schedule 26.09.93 - 26.03.94 All times are UTC. Bulgarian: 0200-0500: 7455 9700 13645 0300-0400: 5890 6210 0400-0530: 1224 1200-1500: 13670 15080 1300-1600: 1224 6210 1700-2000: 5890 6210 7375 1900-1945: 1224 5895 6220 2245-0015: 6220 11660 13645 Albanian: 0530-0600: 1224 6220 1645-1730: 1224 5895 6220 1945-2030: 1224 5895 6220 Arabic: 1700-1830: 7150 11870 English: 0100-0200: 7455 9700 0500-0630: 9700 11720 1130-1300: 11645 13645 1330-1500: 11630 1515-1645: 13670 1830-2000: 7455 9700 2100-2200: 6085 9700 2245-0015: 7455 9700 French: 0015-0100: 7455 9700 0715-0800: 9700 11720 1745-1830: 7455 9700 2000-2045: 7400 9700 2200-2245: 7455 9700 German: 0630-0715: 9700 11720 1100-1145: 11720 11860 1700-1745: 7455 9700 2015-2100: 6085 6210 Greek: 0500-0530: 1224 6220 7455 (Sun only) 0600-0630: 1224 6220 13645 0900-1000: 1224 6220 13645 (Sun only) 1730-1815: 1224 5895 6220 2030-2115: 1224 5895 6220 Italian: 1915-2000: 6085 2200-2245: 1224 6210 6220 2330-0015: 1224 6210 Portuguese: 0015-0100: 11660 13645 2200-2245: 11660 13645 Serbo-Croat: 0630-0700: 1224 6220 13645 0730-0900: 1224 6220 13645 (Sun only) 1600-1645: 1224 5895 6210 1815-1900: 1224 5895 6220 2115-2200: 1224 6210 6220 Spanish: 0100-0200: 11660 13645 0400-0500: 11720 0500-0600: 13645 2100-2200: 9905 11660 Turkish: 0400-0500: 5890 6220 0600-0730: 1224 6220 13645 (Sun only) 1030-1130: 6220 13645 1600-1700: 7150 11870 1830-2030: 7150 11870 Horisont Home Service Relay: 0500-0800: 9905 0700-1000: 1224 (Mon-Sat) 0800-1000: 9905 (Sun only) 1000-1300: 1224 1000-1745: 9905 Address: Radio Bulgaria 4 Dragan Tsankov Blvd. Sofia 1040 Bulgaria Phone / Fax: 650 560; 871 061 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ British Broadcasting Corporation - BBC Ot 28 mart BBC vqvede nova programna shema za predavaniyata si na Bqlgarski. Novoto e delnichnata (ponedelnik - petqk) (sled-)obedna polovinchasova emisiya (13:30-14:00) 'BBC po obed'. Tya sqdqrzha ilyustriran osvedomitelen byuletin + 'Istoriya i politika' v ponedelnik (povtorenie NYAMA veche) 'Kulturna antena' vqv vtornik (i nedelya, 22:15-22:30) 'Nauka, biznes, medicina' v sryada 'Vie pitate, nie otgovaryame' v chetvqrtqk (i sqbota, 6:30- 7:00) 'Iz zhivota vqv Velikobritaniya' v petqk Za smetka na tova poslednoto vecherno predavane 'Svetqt v dejstvie II' (22:30-23:00) e veche sqkrateno na polovina. Osven vtoro izdanie na informacionno-komentarniya obzor, tova predavane vklyuchva i petminutnata rubrika 'Tema bez povod'. Eto i shemata na chestotite na izlqchvane: BBC na Bqlgarski +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ & 98,9 MHz; 94,9 MHz 'FM+' - Sofiya (_y :UTC(=GMT)+2: 49m: 41m: 31m: 25m: 19m:Band: 90,5 " 'Glarus' - Burgas k +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ 95,5 " 'TNN' - Plovdiv B_) : 6.30- 7.00:6050:7325:9750: : kHz: <-- 'London _Cmapm_' +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ :13.30-14.00: :9635,11710:15395: kHz: <-- 'BBC _no obeg_' (_noHege^Huk-nemqk_) +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ :19.00-19.30:6015: :11740:15135: kHz: <-- 'Svetqt v dejstvie I' +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ :22.30-23.00:6050: :9770:11780: : kHz: <-- 'Svetqt v dejstvie II' (_noHege^Huk-nemqk_) +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ :22.15-23.30:6050: :9770:11780: : kHz: <------------------------- (_cqboma u Hege^R_) +-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ Deutsche Welle (DW) na Bqlgarski +-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+ (_y :UTC(=GMT)+2: 49m: 41m : 31m : 25m : 19m : 16m :Band: + 95,7 MHz - Sofiya k +-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+ 90,5 " 'Glarus' - Burgas B_) :12.30-13.20: :9650 :11825,11835,11905:15370,15545: : kHz: ? " - G.Delchev +-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+ :19.00-19.50: :9640 :11785,11865 :15470 :17795: kHz: +-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+ :21.30-22.20:6170:7130,7255: 9715: 11915: : kHz: +-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------------------+-----+----+ The Voice of America VoA na Bqlgarski +-----------+----+----+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+ (+ 97 MHz :UTC(=GMT)+2: AM : 75m: 49m : 41m: 31m : 25m :Band: okolo Sofiya) +-----------+----+----+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+ : 6.00- 6.30:1197:3980:6040,6125,6150:7125:9505 : : kHz: <-- '_gobpo ympo_ BG' +-----------+----+----+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+ :21.30-22.30: :5975 9735: : 9735:11720,11780: kHz: <-- '_gobqp Behep_ BG' +-----------+---------+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+ ============================================================================= 2-2 How to read on-line news from Bulgaria (by Jivko Kolchev) Za tezi, koito ne znaiat da pripomnia, che 'vestnik' e 'login name' na 192.187.128.6, koito dava vqzmojnost da se chetat presni novini ot Bqlgaria. (Obiknovenno tam gi otpechatvat na sledvashtia den) Sqshto taka ima vqzmojnost da poluchite faylove ottam chrez anonymous ftp na adres 192.187.128.6 Veche ima vqzmojnost za organizirane na konferencii m/u do 32-ma chetiashti vestnik ednovremenno. V "What can I do here:Talk" e obiasneno tochno kak stava rabotata. Sqshto taka moje da se igrae santase. Koyto ne vyarva, da probva. ============================================================================= 2-3 How to get information about Eastern Europe (including Bulgaria) by fax (by James Reese) The US Commerce Department's Eastern European Business Information Center (EEBIC) provides a wealth of Eastern Europe business information by a fax delivery system. However, if you do not have a fax or if you live outside of the USA, this information is unobtainable. I have converted several of their documents to GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) files and have made them available for FTP downloading. Consult your computer center for the best way of viewing/printing GIF files on your system. For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-2-3.TXT ============================================================================= 2-4 Which telephone company offers best deals for calling Bulgaria from the USA (by Plamen Bliznakov) There are several programs for getting discounts on international calls available with the three major long-distance carriers. You can select one or a combination of them depending on the amount for your calls, and preferred carrier and time of day to call. The basic rate is pretty much the same for all carriers (with a possible minor difference). For example, as of August 11, 1993 the rates of MCI were (please, note they have gone up around 10 % during the recent months): Rate Time of day Cost of the Cost of each (your local first minute additional time in USA) minute Lowest 2 am - 7 am $ 1.32 $ 0.83 Medium 7 am - 1 pm $ 1.67 $ 1.04 Highest 1 pm - 2 am $ 2.23 $ 1.34 Carrier Program Monthly Fee Rates to Bulgaria (BR = Basic Rate) AT&T Special Country None 15 % off BR (must specify in advance) Sprint The Most None 20 % off the number you call the most minutes (must be careful to have the most minutes to an international number) World-wide $ 3 $ 0.82 / min. (1 pm to 1 am Mon-Fri and all day on weekends) $ 1.39 / min. (1 am to 1 pm Mon-Fri); in addition brings low flat rate to many countries around the world + 20 % discount on the 2 international numbers you call the most minutes during the month (no need to set in advance), besides the 20 % discount to one domestic (USA) number MCI Friend & Family None 20 % off BR to two international numbers (must specify in advance) Around-the-world $ 3 15 % off BR (must specify in advance); in addition brings low flat rate to countries of Western Europe, Australia, and some in Asia (F&F and ATW could be combined to a total savings of 35 % on calls to 2 numbers in Bulgaria) You might want to look at that possibility of a paid plan if you regularly make enough calls to Bulgaria (and/or other countries as well) to justify the $ 3 fee each month. Another useful tip : you can use all three long distance carriers through the so called ACCESS CODES, no matter what is your (default) long distance carrier. Just dial 10222, and then the usual digits (say, for Bulgaria 011-359-...), and your call will go through MCI. The analogous code for AT&T is 10288, and for Sprint is 10333. So you can make use of all the free programs of all three long distance carriers, without switching from one carrier to another. For example, you can get 20 % discount for 2 numbers in Bulgaria from MCI (Friends & Family), one other number from Sprint (The Most), and place all the rest of your calls through AT&T and get 15 % discount from them (Special Country). Also, as you can see, it really doesn't matter what your long distance carrier is. So, if you are offered free calls, or money to switch to another carrier, don't hasitate to take them. You still will be able to use your old carrier (and, possibly, they even would not notice that you have switched). Plamen Disclaimer : I and my family members are not associated with US any long distance carrier. This posting doesn't represent an approval, nor is it a disapproval of any program for long distance calls. Use the information on your own risk ! ============================================================================= 2-5 Bulgarian E-Mail addresses (from comp.mail.maps) # Copyright 1989-1993 by EurOpen. All rights reserved. # Permission is granted for non-commercial use. # Last change: Mon Mar 29 15:22:58 EET DST 1993 Legenda: #O Uchrejdenie/firma/lice #C Ime na liceto, otgovaryashto za sistemata #E elektronen adres #P poshtenski adres #R po-podrobno opisanie na informaciyata ot #O #O ACMBUL #C Ognian Nickolov #E postmaster@acmbul.bg #P Kniaz Boris I, 77, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria #R The Bulgarian Chapter of ACM #O American University in Bulgaria #C Krassimir Simonsky #E postmaster@aubg.bg #P American University, Blagoevgrad - 2700, Bulgaria #O Black Sea Technological Group #C Ognian Doichinov #E postmaster@sofia.bstg.bg #P Black Sea Technological Group, Sofia - 1000, Bulgaria #R Black Sea Technological Group, Sofia Headquarters #O Black Sea Technological Group #C Zlatko Kuzmanov #E postmaster@varna.bstg.bg #P 8-th Primorski Polk, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria #R Black Sea Technological Group, Varna Headquarters #O Bulgarian National Bank, Sofia #C Georgi Dimitrov #E postmaster@bnbsof.uucp #P Bulgarian National Bank, Sofia, Bulgaria #O PTT-Varna/RCB1/BULPAC #C Vania Encheva #E postmaster@bulpac.bg #P 42 Maksim Gorki Str., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria #O FADATA Ltd. #C Kamen Bodurov #E postmaster@fadata.uucp #P FADATA, Sofia, Bulgaria #O Institute of Informatics, BAS #C Anton Deanov #E postmaster@iinf.bg #P "acad. G Bontchev" str., bl. 29a, Sofia 1113 #O International Money Fund, Bulgaria #C Gregory Dahl #E postmaster@imfbul.uucp #P International Money Fund, Sofia, Bulgaria #O Ines International Ltd. #C Rosen Peankov #E postmaster@ines.uucp #P Georgi Kirkov 15, Haskovo - 6300, Bulgaria #O Center of Telematic Services #C Hristo Mitov #E postmaster@infotel.bg #P Krum Popov 58, Sofia - 1421, Bulgaria #O Universal Scientific Library, Varna #C Theodora Nickolova #E postmaster@libvar.bg #P blv. Slivnitsa 34, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria #O Logatronix #C Ognian Doichinov #E postmaster@logatronix.bg #P Kosta Lulchev 58, Sofia 1574, Bulgaria #O Mars Electronics #C Kristin S. Krumov #E postmaster@marsel.uucp #P bul. Petko Karavelov 1A, 1408-Sofia, Bulgaria #O University of Minning and Geology #C Volin Karagiozov #E postmaster@mgu.bg #P University of Minning and Geology, Studentski grad, 1156 Sofia, BG #O Open Market Service #C Kristin Krumov #E postmaster@omex.bg #P Dragan Tzankov 37, Sofia, Bulgaria #O VaCom Ltd. #C Atanas Parashkevov #E postmaster@vacom.bg #P P.O. Box 6, PTT-2, Varna - 9002, Bulgaria #O Pegasus Group #C Plamen D. Petkow #E postmaster@pegas.bg #P Tzar Osvoboditel 39W, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria #O Sirma AI, Ltd. #C George Marinov #E postmaster@sirma.bg #P Sirma, P.O.Box 202, Sofia 1606, Bulgaria #O TPO Varna #C Dimitrova #E office@tpovar.uucp #P bul. Tzar Osvoboditel 76G #O MT-MT Co. #C Michail Michaylov #E mick@mt-mt.bg #P bul. Tzar Osvoboditel 76G #O Technical University of Varna #C Rosen Radkov #E postmaster@tu-varna.bg #P Studentska 1, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria #O University Delaware - Bulgaria Coalition #C Alexander Markov #E postmaster@udpc.uucp #P Slaveikov Square 4A, Sofia, Bulgaria #O United Nations Development Programme, Bulgaria #C Fabrizio Ossella #E postmaster@undpbul.uucp #P Blvd. Tzarigradsko Shosse 7th km, Sofia, Bulgaria #R UNDP Office in Bulgaria #O US Peace Corps, Stara Zagora #C Stephen King #E postmaster@uspcsz.uucp #P 26 Irechek Str., Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria #O US Peace Corps, Varna #C Dennis Vanderlip #E postmaster@uspcvar.uucp #P P.O.Box 605 15 M Gorki Str., 9000 - Varna, Bulgaria #O USW Ltd. #C Bozhil Makaveev #E postmaster@usw.bg #P USW Ltd. 10 Ho Shi Min str, 1592 Sofia #O Laboratory of Computer Virology at BAS #C Eugene Nickolov #E postmaster@virbus.bg #P BAS, ul. Acad. G. Bontchev, bl. 8, rm. 104, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria Department of Physics, Sofia University physfac1@bgearn,bitnet (comment: physfac2 physfac3 physfac4 physfac5 work also). Laboratory of Automated Systems in Education lasofmi@bgearn.bitnet Sofia Technical University tusnet@bgearn.bitnet (try also tusnet@bgcict.bitnet) Open Society Fund, Sofia ososo@bgearn.bitnet (For the @bgearn.bitnet addresses, you should include the name of the person the message is addressed to in the Subject: line of the message). ============================================================================= 2-6 How to subscribe to the Radio Free Europe daily on-line news bulletin (by Dragomir R. Radev) The RFE/RL Daily Report is a digest of the latest developments in Russia, Transcaucasia and Central Asia, and Central and Eastern Europe. It is published Monday through Friday (except German holidays) by the RFE/RL Research Institute (a division of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Inc.). Copyright 1993 RFE/RL, Inc. The RFE/RL Daily Report is produced by the RFE/RL Research Institute (a division of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Inc.) with the assistance of the RFE/RL News and Current Affairs Division (NCA). The report is available by electronic mail via LISTSERV (RFERL-L@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU), on the Sovset' computer bulletin board, by fax, and by postal mail. To subscribe: Send e-mail to: LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET or LISTSERV@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU Your message should contain a single line: SUB RFERL-L To unsubscribe, send the following message: UNSUB RFERL-L ============================================================================= 2-7 How to subscribe to the Eastern European Listserv bulletin (by Dragomir R. Radev) Send e-mail to: LISTSERV@PUCC.BITNET or LISTSERV@PUCC.PRINCETON.EDU Your message should contain a single line: SUB E-EUROPE To unsubscribe, send the following message: UNSUB E-EUROPE ============================================================================= 2-8 How to use the AT&T calling card to call from Bulgaria (by Dragomir R. Radev) Dial 00-1800-0010 and tell the operator your card number. Note: the operator is supposed to speak English (whether she speaks Bulgarian, someone please check...) Source: International Herald Tribune, September 20, 1993. ============================================================================= 2-9 How to read Bulgarian newspapers in NYC (by Dragomir R. Radev) Columbia University Lehman Library receives regularly the following newspapers: Demokraciya, Duma, (Zeleno) Zemedelsko Zname, Svoboden Narod, and Vek 21. Note: if you are not in NYC and know of another way to read Bulgarian newspapers, please let the group know. ============================================================================= 2-10 How to play 'tabla' (backgammon) against human players on the Internet Telnet to 134.130.130.46 8765 and then follow the instructions ============================================================================= 2-11 What is the schedule of Scola OR How to watch Bulgarian TV news in the USA SCOLA SCHEDULE REGULAR UPDATE Sunday, October 1, 1993 LOCATION: ASC-1 CH 23 H CENTRAL DAYLIGHT TIME WEEKDAYS: ***** 0000 SYRIA (Arab tv) Damascus: 5 DD ***** 0030 RUSSIA TV (news 1): R 0100 BULGARIA: 5 DD 0130 KENYA: 5 DD 0200 MALAYSIA (tv7): 5 DD ***** 0230 LITHUANIA (2ltv): 5 DD 0300 CZECH REPUBLIC (f1): 5 DD 0330 SLOVAKIA, Bratislava Aktuality: 5 DD 0400 ROMANIA (tvr 1) Actualitati: 5 DD 0445 CHILE (24 horas): 72 HD 0530 PHILIPPINES (tv5) Balitang Balita/The World Tonight: 7 DD ***** 0600 BRAZIL (Various): 4 DD ***** 0630 SWEDEN (Nyheterna): 5 DD 0700 MEXICO (eco): 'Live' 0800 FRANCE (France TV2): R 0830 ISRAEL (Channel 2)J 0900 TAIWAN, CHINA (cts, ttv, ctv): SD 0925 SCOLA SCHEDULE 0930 UKRAINE (yt-1) 1000 DW: Journal-Das Nachrichtenmagazin: 'Live' 1030 DW: Various Magazine Programs: 'Live' ***** 1100 JAPAN (Fujisankei): 'Live' ***** 1200 RUSSIA TV (news 1): 1DD 1300 CHINA, Bejing (cctv): SD ***** 1400 SAUDI ARABIA (Documentary) ***** 1500 ITALY (rai 1,2): 1 DD 1530 LATVIA (vhs): 5 DD 1600 TAI YUAN, CHINA (Yellow River tv): 5 DD 1700 CROATIA (dnevnik) Hrvatska Televizija: 6 DD 1730 SLOVENIA TV: 6 DD 1800 FRANCE (France TV2): SD 1830 UGANDA: 6DD 1900 POLAND Wiadmosci: 5 DD 1930 TUNISIA: 5 DD 2000 BEOGRAD SERBIA Radio-Televizija Beograd/biling: SD 2100 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: 3 DD 2200 CANADA (tva-cftm) Les Nouvelles: 'Live' 2230 KOREA (The Asian Network): SD 2300 GREECE (Antenna tv s.a.) ***** 2330 IRAN: 6 DD SATURDAYS: 0000 Readings: Egypt, Saudi Arabia 0015 CANADA: TW 0100 CROATIA - Special programs 0200 LATVIA: TW 0300 LITHUANIA: TW 0400 CZECH REPUBLIC: TW 0500 SWEDEN: TW 0600 MEXICO (eco): 'Live' 0700 DW: Journal: Das Nachrichtenmagazin: TW 0730 DW: Various: TW 0800 DW: Boulevard Deutschland: TW 0900 TAIWAN, CHINA: SD 0925 SCOLA SCHEDULE 0935 TAIWAN: TW 1000 GERMANY-Deutsche Welle: 'Live' 1200 UGANDA: TW 1230 GREECE: TW 1300 CHINA, Beijing: 'Live' 1400 DUKE U: Nation, Identities, Cultures (Starts Sept. 11) 1530 ITALY: SD & TW (Starts Sept. 11) 1630 CHILE: TW (Starts Sept. 11) 1700 JAPAN (Fujisankei): TW 1800 FRANCE: SD ***** 1830 VOAW: Special Programs ***** 2000 RUSSIA: TW 2100 SLOVENIA Magazine 2130 BEOGRAD SERBIA: SD 2230 KOREA: TW 2300 POLAND: TW SUNDAYS: 0000 Readings: Egypt, Saudi Arabia 0015 ARABIC COUNTRIES: TW 0300 CANADA: TW 0400 GREECE: TW 0500 ISRAEL: TW 0600 MEXICO (eco): 'Live' 0700 CHILE: TW 0800 BRAZIL: TW 0900 TAIWAN, CHINA (cts,ttv,ctv): SD 0925 SCOLA SCHEDULE 0935 TAIWAN: TW 1000 TAI YUAN, CHINA: TW 1200 DW: Nachrichten Compact: SD 1230 DW: Various: 'Live' 1300 CHINA, Beijing: 'Live' 1400 FRANCE: TW 1500 DW: Various: 'Live' 1530 DW: Various: 'Live' 1600 DW: Drehscheibe Europa: TW 1630 HUNGARY (nbn) 1730 SCOLA SHOWCASE: special programs 1830 ITALY (rai): TW 1900 AFTAB Network (Sina Productions) Farsi 2100 BEOGRAD, YUGOSLAVIA: SD 2200 SLOVENIA: TW 2230 KOREA: TW 2300 KENYA (kbc): TW * * * * * * * * * Key: DD=Day Delay; HD=Hour Delay; R=Repeat; SD=Same Day; TW=This Week; *****=Changed or Added; *=Alternating DW=Deutsche Welle * * * * * * * * * AUDIO: Primary Program: 6.8 MHz Secondary: 6.2MHz (Deutsche Welle --- --- --- --- --- RADIO FRANCE INTERNATIONALE 24-HOURS ON SUBCARRIER 5.8 Mhz: GRANDS JOURNEAUX 5,6,9,11,13 PARLER AU QUOTIDIEN 4:02, 8:50, 10:50 * * * * * * * * * OUTWRITE SERVICE TRANSCRIPTS OF ORIGINAL LANGUAGE + ENGLISH ONCE A WEEK: BULGARIAN; CZECH; CHINESE; FRENCH; GERMAN; ITALIAN; JAPANESE; PORTUGUESE; RUSSIAN; SPANISH; SWAHILLI; SWEDISH. * * * * * * * * * ASK ABOUT "FRONT PAGE FAX." * * * * * * * * * SCOLA -- P.O. BOX 619 -- McCLELLAND, IA -- 51548-0619 Phone: 712+566-2202 -- Fax: 712+566-2502 -- Telex: 438119 Internet: scola@creighton.edu ============================================================================= 3-1 Bulgarian cuisine (@) (by Rumi Radenska) For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-3-1.TXT ============================================================================= 3-2 How to make baklava (@) (by Chris Kantarjiev) For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-3-2.TXT ============================================================================= 3-3 How to make Bulgarian yogurt in the U.S. (@) (by Nikolay Mehandjiev, Rumi Radenska, and others) For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-3-3.TXT ============================================================================= 3-4 Other Bulgarian Recipes (@) (by Jan Terziyski) For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-3-4.TXT ============================================================================= 4-1 Bulgarian music on CD's (by Brian Sutin) Stambolovo '88 Balkanton 060101 Le Mystere Des Voix Bulgares Explorer 9 79165-2 Le Mystere Des Voix Bulgares, Vol. 2 Explorer 9 79201-2 Villiage Music of Bulgaria / Bulgarian Folk Music Explorer 9 79195-2 Music of Bulgaria / Ensemble of the Bulgarian Republic Explorer 9 72011-2 The Severnyashki Folk Ensemble Round The World Gega GD 103 The Greatest Bulgarian Folk Dances Gega GD 106 Balkana / The Music of Bulgaria Hannibal CD-1335 The Forest is Crying / The Trio Bulgarka Hannibal CD-1342 Two Girls Started to Sing... Rounder CD-1055 Bulgarian Polyphony Vol. 2 / The National Folk Ensemble Victor VDP-1462 Balkan -- Mysterious Voices of Bulgaria Virgin 2-91368 "Two Girls..." is very poor -- don't buy it. "Balkan" is the soundtrack to a documentary. "Stambolovo" is modern wedding band music. "Bulgarian Polyphony" #1 and #2 are both out of print (they are Japanese). Many of these CDs can be ordered my mail from Elderly Instruments, a company in East Lansing, Michigan (call information for the number). They have a catalogue they will send to you. ============================================================================= 4-2 Bulgarian musical instruments (by Brian Sutin) The traditional musical instruments of Bulgaria are: THE KAVAL The kaval is a wooden flute which is played by blowing across the end. It has a very interesting woody sound. The name kaval is found for similar musical instruments from Rumania all the way to India, but the Bulgarian kaval is probably the most beautiful sounding version. The kaval was the chosen instrument of shepherds, who needed some way to entertain themselves while grazing sheep on the high pastures. Unfortunately the number of Bulgarians who play the kaval well has dropped due to the fewer number of shepherds. THE GADULKA The gadulka is a bowed instrument similar to a violin, but only three strings are bowed, while the rest are sympathetic; ie, these strings vibrate on a harmonic, giving a very rich texture, but are not fingered. The gadulka held by a sling around the neck, much like a saxaphone, and the fingerboard is up by the players neck. Of all the traditional Bulgarian instruments, the gadulka has declined in popularity the most, and is rarely heard, even on folk music recordings. THE GAIDA The gaida is a bagpipe with one drone. The bag is usually made out of goat hide, although the very large Macedonian kaba gaida is often made from sheep hide. The gaida sounds quite different from the more common Scottish bagpipe. THE TUPAN The tupan is a large drum which is played with a big drumstick on one side and a very thin drumstick on the other. Any person who has ever learned to play any kind of drum for "western" music (ie, R&R), please spare all of us and do not try to pick up Bulgarian tupan. Bulgarian rhythms consist of short beats of two counts and long beats of three counts, and westerners invariably split the long beats incorrectly. Other instruments which are common are the dumbek, a small lap drum, the zurna, an incredibly loud reed instrument, and the tamburitsa, a plucked string instrument similar to a bouzouki, but these are also common in Turkey, Greece, and other countries are are not solely Bulgarian. Originally these instruments were used mostly for village dancing, and only one or occasionally two instruments would be played at a time. People would dance to one of the melody instruments, sometimes accompanied by a tupan. The zurna and tupan is still a popular combination in Macedonia. In this century, bands became popular which had one or more of each instrument, say, for instance, a kaval, a gadulka, a gaida, a tamburitsa, and a tupan. Later, instruments such as the accordeon and clarinet became popular. Nowadays, the "traditional" Bulgarian wedding band might have clarinets, electric guitars, and so on. ============================================================================= 4-3 Bulgarian folk dance (by Ersch Rotholz) 1. Last summer, while visiting Sofia, I had the pleasure of seeing a folk dance ensemble in the NDK concert hall. It occured to me that this beautiful Bulgarian art form is little known in the U.S.A. and Canada. I promised to help the Bulgarian producer find an American producer (impresario) willing to bring them over here. So far I have not been able to keep my promise since I do not know how to go about finding a producer. Any lover of Bulgarian folk dancing and music who might have an idea how to find such a producer, please call me during the day at (617) 271-6409. Or, get in touch with the Bulgarian producer directly: Peter Grigorov, Drujba-2, bl. 206-B, ap. 66, Sofia 1586 The dance group, "Rosna Kitka", comprises boys and girls age 6-13 and adult instrumentalists. I have a video recording of one of their performances on VHS, NTSC format (translated from the original SECAM format). I will gladly make a copy for a producer. 2. Few comments about FAQ Bulgaria. a) Western music lovers have discovered Bulgarian folk music thanks to tours of groups such as the Philip Kutev ensemble, Pirin, etc. A CD recording of the Philip Kutev group is: "Les mystere des voix bulgares" Elektra/Nonesuch 9 79201/2. b) Ivo Papasov and his "wedding band" gives jazz-inspired improvisations based on bulgarian folk motives. Two CDs with Ivo's music are: "Orpheus Ascending", Hannibal Records Ltd., HNCD-1346 and "Balkanology", Hannibal Records Ltd., HNCD-1363. c) Sqdejki po albumite koito imam, imenata na prochutite ni basove se pishat po slednija nachin: "Boris Christoff" i "Nicolai Ghiaurov". Ghiaurov se pishe s "h" sled "g"-to s tsel da se razdeli "g"-to ot "i"-to. Po tozi nachin imeto se proiznasja GIAUROV a ne DZHAUROV. ============================================================================= 4-4 Bulgarian folk dance (by Jim Garrett) I'm a member of a relatively small community of folk-dancers that especially treasures Bulgarian dancing. I know many people here in Minneapolis/St. Paul who would love to see Bulgarian dancers, but I can't help you directly with a producer. Perhaps the Ethnic Dance Theater based in Minneapolis would be a good contact. Their number is (612) 872-0024. -Jim Garrett jg@umnstat.stat.umn.edu ============================================================================= 4-5 Bulgarian records (by Paul Amblard) 4 records I have at home, 2 of them were recently reviewed in the french journal TELERAMA. In the shop I also found a lot of others. references : Bulgarian folk ensembles and songs Balkanton 060053 Vocal traditions of Bulgaria Say-disc (UK company) CD-SDL-396 Musics and musicians of the world . Bulgaria . AUVIDIS (French company) UNESCO collection D 8019 Rhodopa family GEGA GD124 the fourth is the best for my pleasure but other opinions are welcome !!! ============================================================================= 4-6 Bulgarian music : 20th Century (by Luben Boyanov) During the first years of the 20th century, the Bulgarians listened to the works of the first 'famous' Bulgarian composer of classical (not to be mixed with the definition of L. Bernstein) music - Maestro Atanasoff. Amongst his famous works are "Kossara", "Borislav" and "Atzek" (opera). During the same time, 2 brothers - Luben and Pancho Vladigerovi were sent to study in Europe (? Germany?). Pancho Vladigerov became the most prominent figure of the Bulgarian classical music. His most famous work "Bulgarian Rhapsody Vardar" is still the best known and loved Bulgarian classical composition. Pancho Vladigerov is also the author of piano concertoes and other works. Pancho Vladigerov is the teacher of of one of the most famous world pianists - Alexis Weisenberg (living in Paris at present). Weisenberg left Bulgaria while being a child and came back only during the early 80-ies enjoying enormous success amongst the Bulgarian audience. Another world famous pianist and student of Pancho Vladigerov is Milcho Leviev (who lives in LA) - who also returned with great success in Bulgaria after years being separated from his country (living in the USA. The former was/is one of the leading world classical piano playes, the later is one of the top jazz-piano players. Both are jazz composers. "Bulgarian Rhapsody Vardar" is composed using Bulgarian folk motives, and so is another very famous Bulgarian classic music piece - "Thracian Dances" - by Petko Stainov. Another famous Bulgarian composer is Parashkev Hadjiev. He had many piano compositions, songs and operas ("Leto 1893", "Maria Desislava", "Lud Gidia"). From the younger generation Bulgarian classical music composers are Krasimir Kyurkchiiski (the ballet "Kosyat Rog") and Stefan Dragostinov (with the "F. Kutev" ensemble, and also he - Dragostinov - is a composer of symphony music). The Bulgarian classical music generation of the 50-ies, 60-ies is known with the piano composers Emil Naumov (student of Nadia Boulanger) and Boyan Vodenicharov. Written without references - according to memory only - sorry if I missed (or messed) somebody. ============================================================================= 4-7 Addresses of Bulgarian musical companies (by Luben Boyanov) Some contact addresses in Bulgaria of companies/distributors of music: Impressario and Publishing House "Rod" 134 Vasil Levski Bulv, 2nd floor 1504 Sofia Bulgaria tel: 359 2 77 03 10 fax: 359 2 43 10 42 Balkanton 6 Haidoushka Polyana Str. 1612 Sofia Bulgaria tel: 359 2 52 54 51 fax: 359 2 54 27 44 telex: BALKTON BG ============================================================================= 5-1 Modern Bulgarian Language courses (by Kitty Kagay, Ken Grau, Prashant Dave, and Dragomir R. Radev) In response to Dennis Godfrey's 20th January message regarding the U.S. State Department's Foreign Service Institute's language course. It may be of interest that there is another complete set of Bulgarian course materials available through Slavica Press of Ohio. This course also assumes no previous knowledge of Bulgarian or any other Slavic language. The course has supplementary materials which are designed specifically for self-study. The core-text, titled: A Course in Modern Bulgarian (by Milka Hubernova, Ana Dzhumadanova & Milka Marinova, Columbus, Ohio: Slavica Publishing, 1983; Library of Congress number: PG 835 K48x 1983) comes in two parts of about 300 pages each. The two parts consists of 62 lessons with about 60 pages of additional readings. There is enough material in the two volumes for a 2-3 year university course sequence. Best of all, each volume ends with a 40 page Bulgarian-English glossary consisting of vocabulary from both volumes. This glossary is a student's dream supplying accents, plurals, verb conjugations and aspect, and various irregulars. This feature alone is worth the price of the book. Note that the two volumes are available separately. The six-volume supplemental workbooks for self-study for so-called "Individualized Instruction". The materials are divided into workbooks titled: Elementary Bulgarian 1, Elementary Bulgarian 2, Intermediate Bulgarian 1, Intermediate Bulgarian 2, Advanced Bulgarian 1, and Advanced Bulgarian 2. Intermediate Bulgarian 2 is by Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble and Catherine Rudin and the other five volumes are by Charles E. Gribble and Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble. In addition, each volume has a Teacher's Manual containing tests, transcriptions of material on the tapes, etc. There is also a set of tapes. The workbooks, Teacher's Manual, and tapes are available from: Center for Slavic and Eastern European Studies Ohio State University Dulles Hall 230 West 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43210 Telephone: 614-292-8770 The first three workbooks cover the material in part one of the Hubenova text and the last three workbooks part two of the Hubenova text. These materials add more exercises, give additional grammatical explanations, add cultural notes, provide additional reading materials, etc. In addition, these offer two major features: supplementary note to the core text explaining points which the Bulgarian authors have overlooked because of their native speakers' "blind spot" and an answer key to the exercises. The workbooks are available singly with each covering several (10?) lessons. Finally, a set of audio cassette tapes is available for volume one of the core text (lessons 1-26). These tapes include a reading of the text from each chapter, some drills and exercises, plus a few additional readings of some short texts. The textbook and workbooks are all softbound and inexpensive. I don't know the price of the tapes as a set since the tapes I used were obtained by my university. I have read through parts of the State Department's text but it is the Hubenova text that our class worked through systematically. Comparing the two, I think each has significant shortcomings as well as strengths. My opinion is that there is no definitive text for the study of Bulgarian (as of now). Incidentally, I found the State Department's text in my local library which may be an option for those who like to browse before buying (Bulgarian Basic Courses, United State Foreign Service Institute. Dewey call number: 491 U58) For those interested in the Hubenova text, the company is Slavica Publishers. >From the publishers written statement in an 1987 book of theirs: "Slavica publishes a wide variety of textbooks and scholarly books on the languages, peoples, literatures, cultures, history, etc. of the USSR and Eastern Europe. For a complete catalog of books and journals from Slavica, with prices and ordering information, write to: Slavica Publishers, Inc. P O Box 14388 Columbus, Ohio 43214 - 0388 Phone: 614 - 268 - 4002 Here is a short bibliography (from "Bulgarian" by Charles A. Moser, the George Washington University). TEXTBOOKS 1. Charles A. Moser. Bulgarian (The George Washington University: Washington, DC 1991) 2. Albert Bates Lord. Beginning Bulgarian (The Hague: Mouton, 1962) 3. Milka Hubenova, Ana Dzhumadanova. A Course in Modern Bulgarian 1,2. Slavica Publishers: Columbus, Ohio, 1983) Part 1, viii + 303 p. 1983 ( ISBN:0-89357-104-0), $ 16.95 Part 2, ix + 303 p., 1983 (ISBN: 0-89357-105-9), $ 16.95. 4. Charles Gribble and Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble. Elementary Bulgarian 1,2. Bulgarian Individualized Instruction (Ohio State University: Columbus, Ohio, 1984) 5. Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble and Charles Gribble. Advanced Bulgarian 1,2. Bulgarian Individualized Instruction (Ohio State University: Columbus, Ohio, 1987) 6. James Augerot & Nikolay Popov. Bqlgarski ezik: A University Course in the Bulgarian Language (Seattle, 1987) GRAMMARS 1. Leon Beaulieux. Grammaire de la langue bulgare (Institut d'etudes slaves: Paris, 1950) 2. Ernest Scatton. A Reference Grammar of Modern Bulgarian (Slavica Publishers: Columbus, Ohio, 1984) SPECIFIC TOPICS 1. Ernest Scatton. Bulgarian Phonology (Slavica Publishers: Cambridge, Massa- chusetts, 1975) 2. Charles Gribble. Reading Bulgarian Through Russian (Slavica Publishers: Columbus, Ohio, 1987) ============================================================================= 5-2 How to pronounce Bulgarian (by Dragomir R. Radev) Bulgarian uses the Cyrillic alphabet. There are 30 letters. I will show them using a graphical description of the capital letter (in a 7X7 bitmap). 01 01 [a] O O O O O OOOOOOO O O O O O O 02 02 [b] OOOOOOO O O OOOOOO O O O O OOOOOO 03 03 [v] OOOOOO O O O O OOOOOO O O O O OOOOOO 04 04 [g] OOOOOOO O O O O O O 05 05 [d] OOO O O O O O O O O OOOOOOO O O 06 06 [e] OOOOOOO O O OOOOO O O OOOOOOO 07 07 [3] (as in 'vision') O O O O O O OOO O OOO O O O O O O 08 08 [z] (as in 'zeal') OOOOO O O O OOO O O O OOOOO 09 09 [i] O O O OO O O O O O O O O O OO O O O 10 10 [y] OOO O O O OO O O O OO O O O 11 11 [k] O O O O O O OOOO O O O O O O 12 12 [l-] superimposed hyphen on [l]: O (IPA symbol for a sound O O closer to [w] than to [l]) O O O O O O O O O O 13 13 [m] O O OO OO O O O O O O O O O O O O O 14 14 [n] O O O O O O OOOOOOO O O O O O O 15 15 [o] OOOOO O O O O O O O O O O OOOOO 16 16 [p] OOOOOOO O O O O O O O O O O O O 17 17 [r] OOOOOO O O O O OOOOOO O O O 18 18 [s] OOOOO O O O O O O O OOOOO 19 19 [t] OOOOOOO O O O O O O 20 20 [u] O O O O O O OOOOOO O O O OOOOO 21 21 [f] O OOOOO O O O O O O O O O OOOOO O 22 22 [h] O O O O O O O O O O O O O 23 23 [ts] O O O O O O O O O O OOOOOOO O V 24 24 [ts] (this corresponds to the O O English 'ch' as in 'chat' O O O O OOOOOOO O O O V 25 25 [s] English 'sh' as in 'show' O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O OOOOOOO V 26 26 [st] English 'sht' as in O O O 'fresh tea' O O O O O O O O O O O O OOOOOO O 27 27 [^] lower-mid back unrounded OO vowel: you can get an idea O from the English 'cut' O OOOOO O O O O OOOOO 28 28 [y] O O O OOOOOO O O O O OOOOOO 29 29 [yu] O OOO O O O O O O OOO O O O O O O O O OOO 30 30 [ya] OOOOOO O O O O OOOOOO O O O O O O ============================================================================= 5-3 Where can one get Cyrillic font drivers (by Slavtcho Nikolov) One of the largest collections of Cyrillic fonts/drivers is available from archive.umich.edu:/msdos/dos_fonts/cyrillic but it seems that there are no descriptions of its content (other than the *.doc files contained in each archive). ============================================================================= 5-4 Cyrillic font drivers (by Brian Burtt) The FAQ mentions DOS Cyrillic fonts. You may wish to include mention of the Windows Cyrillic font, available by anonymous FTP from ftp.cica.indiana.edu or nic.funet.fi. This is a True Type font, at cica its in the /pub/msdos/win3/fonts/truetype dir, at funet I'm not sure. ============================================================================= 5-5 Cyrillic font drivers (by Dragomir R. Radev) To access those files, use anonymous ftp (if you don't know what this means, please read the FAQ on ftp-ing in the news.answers newsgroup). Each line represents one site which has some cyrillic font software. The text on the first line is the site name. The second line shows the path name of the directory containing the cyrillic font software. Note: this listing is accurate as of August 1, 1993. bongo.cc.utexas.edu source/tex/AMS-TeX-2.1/amsfonts/sources claude.cs.umb.edu private e-math.ams.com ams/amsfonts/sources emx.cc.utexas.edu pub/mnt/source/tex/AMS-TeX-2.1/amsfonts/sources ftp.uu.net pub/text-processing/TeX/ams/amsfonts/sources gatekeeper.dec.com contrib/src/crl/tex/src/tex-3.141/ams/amsfonts gatekeeper.dec.com contrib/src/crl/tex/mips-ultrix/tex-3.141/ams/amsfonts kekule.osc.edu pub/russian/rustex/ftp.tex.ac.uk ussian/cyr386ix/cyr386ix kekule.osc.edu pub/russian/amiga/fonts labrea.stanford.edu pub/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources ftp.cs.umd.edu pub/cyrillic pith.uoregon.edu pub/Solaris2.x/src/tex-3.141/ams/amsfonts sunsite.unc.edu pub/packages/TeX/stanford-mirror/ams/amsfonts/sources wuarchive.wustl.edu mirrors4/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources wuarchive.wustl.edu mirrors3/archive.umich.edu/msdos/dos_fonts clover.csv.warwick.ac.uk pub/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources cnam.cnam.fr pub/TeX/TeX3/ams/amsfonts colonsay.dcs.ed.ac.uk pub/tex/amstex2.1/amsfonts/sources colonsay.dcs.ed.ac.uk export/tex/amstex2.1/amsfonts/sources ipc1.rvs.uni-hannover.de ftp1/rus/tex/macros/ams/amsfonts/sources math12.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de pub/tex/languages quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de pub/TeX/macros/ams/amsfonts/sources quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de pub/TeX/TeX-3.141/ams/amsfonts/sources reseq.regent.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de informatik.public/comp/typesetting/tex/tex3.14/AMS/amsfonts/sources sol.cs.ruu.nl TEX/AMS/amsfonts/sources unix.hensa.ac.uk pub/uunet/pub/text-processing/TeX/ams/amsfonts/sources iamsun.unibe.ch TextProcessing/TeX/AMS/amsfonts/sources kth.se kth/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources liasun3.epfl.ch pub/tex/tex3.14-imake202/ams/amsfonts/sources nctuccca.edu.tw USENET/comp.archives/x11 nctuccca.edu.tw Packages/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources nctuccca.edu.tw PC-MsDos/UMich-msdos/dos_fonts ugle.unit.no pub/tex/TeX-3.141/ams/amsfonts/sources toklab.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp X11R5.binary/lib/fonts ============================================================================= 5-6 Cyrillic font drivers (by Radosvet Todorov) New ALPHA software for East European languages (1) AlphaWin adds to Windows 3.1 and other Windows applications (Word for Windows, Excel, WordPerfect for Windows, etc.) the ability to write in Cyrillic (Byelorussian, Bulgarian, Mace- donian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), and in other East (Albanian, Croatian, Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Roumanian, Slovak, Turkish) and West European languages as well as in Greek, Armenian, and Baltic languages. By using the Windows graphic capabilities with TrueType and PostScript fonts, one can easily arrange text and data on screen, and then see it printed (WYSIWYG). (2) AlphaRead is an OCR software that reads multiple TIFF files with built in Russian and Bulgarian spell checkers. (3) AlphaLex includes English-Russian and English-Bulgarian dictionaries as well as Hyphenators in these languages. If you are interested, please, contact T. TODOROV P.O.Box 39 Kr. Popov No 49 BG-1421 Sofia, Bulgaria FAX: +3592 665281 E-Mail: rtodorov@iwt7.uni-bielefeld.de ============================================================================= 5-7 Cyrillic font drivers (by Valentin Todorov) Kato mnogo drugi hora i az se draznja da cheta i osobeno da pisha na bylgarski, no na latinica. I eto kakvo pravja. (Predvaritelno iskam da kazha, che ne razbiram pochti nishto ot kompjutri, taka che specialistite da ne se smejat, ako syshtestvuvat po-prosti reshenija ili na mesta govorja gluposti. Vazhnoto e, che tova reshenie raboti za men i za tova iskam da go spodelja. Vyzmozhno e da e polezno i za njakoj drug.) Napravih si dva konvertirashti makrosa - edin za latinizacija i edin za kirilizacija. (Az polzvam _PC and Word for Windows_.) Te predstavljavat neshto takova: Sub MAIN EditReplace .Find = "?", .Replace = "?", .WholeWord = 0, .MatchCase = 0, .Format = 0, \ .ReplaceAll = 1 . . EditReplace .Find = "?", .Replace = "?", .WholeWord = 0, .MatchCase = 0, .Format = 0, \ .ReplaceAll = 1 End Sub Kato na mjastoto na ? slagam syotvetnite znaci, koito trjabva da se zamenjat. Izpolzvam slednata konvencija za bylgarskata azbuka: A; B; V (W); G; D; E; ZH; Z; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; F; H (X sled Z); C; CH; SH; SHT; Y (Q); J; JU; JA Taka che spokojno si pisha na kirilica v _Word_, sled tova konvertitam na latinica, posle prehvyrljam v _ASCII_ format i izprashtam v ljubimata _soc.cult.bg_. Kogato poluchavam postingi na bylgarski s latinica, pyrvo gi prehvyrljam v _Word_, posle prilagam obratnija proces i si cheta spokojno na rodnata pismenost. ----------------------- Preimushtestva: naj-posle pishesh i chetesh na kirilica; nishto ne se instalira po syrverite; lesnota na reshenieto - vseki mozhe da si napravi podobni konverirashti makrosi, nezavisimo kakyv _hardware i software_ polzva; mashinna syvmestimost; psihologicheska syvmestimost - kojto njama vreme i zhelanie da konvertira, mozhe pak da si chete i pishe direktno na latinica, dokato drugi vsyshtnost prilagat translaciite. Nedostatyci: zaguba na vreme za konvertirane; zaguba na vreme za prehvyrljane na postingite v syotvtnija tekstovi redaktor, i obratno v _ASCII_. ------------------------------------- Nakraja za konvencijata. Mislja, che i bez da e zadavana izrichno, nad 90% ot horata, pisheshti na bylgarski s latinica, se predyrzhat kym neja. Bi bilo chudesno ako vsichki go pravjat. Tova olesnjava cheteneto dori bez da stava duma za konvertirane. Kakto se vizhda, kydeto e vyzmozhno, sym predvidil i alternativi - ne samo V, no i W vyv "v", ne samo _Y_, no i _Q_ v "y", zashtoto ima bylgari iz Mrezhata, koito pishat i po tozi nachin. Ako _W i Q_ se upotrebjavat samo v tezi sluchai, ednoznachnostta vse pak se zapazva. Izvsten problem predstavljava bukvata "h", kojato osven che e systavna v znacite za "sht", "sh", "zh" i "ch", e syshto taka i samostojatelna bukva. Zapadnite slavisti sa reshili problema, kato izpolzvat _X_ kogato stava duma za samostojatelnata upotreba (naprimer v "hljab"). Tyj kato obache v _soc.cult.bg_ povecheto hora pishat samo "h" i v dvata sluchaja, az napravih kompromis - reshih da upotrebjavam _X_ samo v syvsem redkite sluchai, kogato e vyzmozhna neednoznachnost na cheteneto. A imenno SAMO v kombinacijata "ZX" (v "izxod", "razxod", "vyzxod", "vyzxiten" i pr.). Inache "h" si e _H_. Taka i agneto sito, i vylka cjal :-) Drugi razlichija: Bukvite "zh" i "er malyk" se pishat ot njakoi kato _J ili DJ_ i syotvetno _Y_. Syshto taka syvsem rjadko "c" se sreshta kato _TS ili TZ_. Bih pomolil tezi hora (ako tova ne nakyrnjava osobeno lichnata im svoboda na izkaz) da se pridyrzhat kym neglasnata konvencija. Za koeto predvaritelno im blagodarja. I posledno syobrazhenie: kogato v teksta si na bylgarski vkljuchvam dumi i bukvi direktno na anglijski, obiknoveno gi zagrazhdam s "dolni tireta" (t.e. s _ ), zashtoto kogato se konvertira vsichko obratno v kirilica se poluchavat razni idiotshtini (naprimer ako pisha USA, pisha go _USA_, za da se znae, che tova e SASHT, a ne njakakva si "uvca" ili "osa" :-) Vyprosa za transliterirashtata konvencija bi mogyl da se vkljuchi vyv _FAQ_. ============================================================================= 5-8 Cyrillic font drivers (by Stanislav Todorov) There are two families of Cyrillic fonts which can be used with TeX/LaTeX: wncyr.... -- included in AMSTeX cmcyr.... -- made to look and feel like Computer Modern latin You can get them [ and anything else you ever wanted for TeXing ] by anonymous ftp from many sites. My favorites: rusinfo.rus.uni-stuttgart.de ymir.claremont.edu niord.shsu.edu If you're in Europe -- look in Stuttgart. It's a UNIX machine. The fonts can be found in the "pub/soft/tex/fonts/ams" directory. If you're in North America -- look in Sam Houston State U. [ in Texas, of course ]. The fonts are in the "anon_dev:fileserv.amsfonts_cyrillic" directory. It's on a VAX. One problem. These directories contain the Metafont [ extension .MF ] font files. These are device-independent font maps. To generate fonts for the particular printer you are using from the particular machine you are writing on, you need to run METAFONT. For those of you [ like me ] using good old-fashioned 486's and HP LaserJets here follows first-hand info. For those of you on _any_ other machine, just log into one of the above and look for machine-specific stuff. As an aside, rusinfo, e.g., contains the following subdirectories in "pub/soft/tex/systems/: acorn, amiga, atari, mac, msdos, os2, unix, etc. Back to PC users -- log into stuttgart, e.g., and look in "/pub/soft/tex/ systems/msdos/emtex". This contains the excellent emTeX package [ give credit to Eberhard Mattes here] which has Tex, LaTex, BibTeX, PicTeX, SliTeX, bTeX, bLaTeX, etc. _plus_ screen and printer drivers _plus_ [ most importantly ] Metafont -- in /disk4 -- mf... and mfware... Well, you just get these files, unzip them, read the instructions. Then get the font [ *.MF ] files. Then execute MFJOB [ properly ] and let it generate the cyrillic fonts for whatever printer you happen to have. If you are running emTeX then you may want to consolidate these newly generated fonts into your font library files [ .FLI]using FONTLIB. If you decide to keep them as separate .PK files or as separate cyrillic.FLI libraries, don' forget to update your printer.CNF file accordingly. I recommend patience; you should succeed in a couple of days. I'm afraid I can't volunteer willingly to answer all questions -- last time I did this was a year ago and my memory is not what it used to. I am also assuming you have a keyboard and a screen driver to let you input and see cyrillic characters. Again, on the PC, I use the "BDS" driver -- by far the most popular in BG [ year-old info ]. ============================================================================= 5-9 Transliteration (by Jan Labanowski) Translit --- general transliteration program is available. It transliterates between different alphabet representations of different languages. It is frequently necessary to convert from one representation to another representation of the foreign alphabet. E.g., in the Library of Congress transliteration, the Russian letter sha is transliterated as two Latin letters "sh" while the popular word processors use a code 232 (decimal), the RELCOM network uses a code 221, and the KOI7 set uses character "[" for the same letter. So if your screen driver, printer, word processor, etc. uses different codes than the text file which you have, you need to transliterate. The TRANSLIT program is a powerful tool for such tasks. It converts an input file in one representation to the output file in another representation using appropriate, user defined, transliteration table. Transliteration table allows for very elaborate transliteration tasks and includes provisions for plain character sequences, character lists, regular expressions (flexible matches), SHIFT-OUT/IN sequences and more. The program comes with documentation and examples of popular transliteration schemes. The Russian language serves as an example. Other files will be added with your collaboration. How to get the program? First, retrieve file: readme.doc --- it describes the files in the program distribution and has detailed instructions on how to obtain the program. Via FTP (if you are on Internet): --------------------------------- ftp kekule.osc.edu (or ftp 128.146.36.48) Login: anonymous Password: Your_email_address (Please...) ftp> ascii ftp> cd pub/russian/translit ftp> get readme.doc ftp> quit Via E-mail: ----------- Send message: send translit/readme.doc from russian to OSCPOST@osc.edu or OSCPOST@OHSTPY.BITNET. The file readme.doc will be forwarded to your mailbox. Author coordinates: Jan Labanowski P.O. Box 21821 Columbus, OH 43221-0821, USA jkl@osc.edu, JKL@OHSTPY.BITNET ============================================================================= 5-10 How to count in Bulgarian (by Dragomir R. Radev) 1 - edno (ed-NOH) 2 - dve (DVAY) 3 - tri (TREE) 4 - chetiri (CHAY-tee-ree) 5 - pet (PET) 6 - shest (SHEST) 7 - sedem (SAY-dem) 8 - osem (AW-sem) 9 - devet (DAY-vet) 10 - deset (DAY-set) ============================================================================= 6-1 Voice/fax numbers of the bulgarian embassy in US (by Alex Haralampiev) phone (202) 387-7969 fax (202) 234-7973 ============================================================================= 6-2 U.S. Information Sources On Bulgaria (source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business Bulletin) Bulgarian Embassy Commercial Office Boris Ratchev, Commercial Attache 1621 22nd Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20008 Tel: 202-332-6609 Fax: 202-462-8051 Telex: 21-15-61 Eastern Europe Business Information Center Room 7412 U.S. Department of Commerce 14th St. and Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20230 Tel: 202-482-2645 Fax: 202-482-4473 U.S. Department of Commerce Jeremy Keller, Lynn Fabrizio Bulgaria Desk Officers Room 3413 14th St. and Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, DC 20230 Tel: 202-482-4915 Fax: 202-482-4505 Bulgaria-U.S. Trade & Economic Council Kay Larcom, Executive Director U.S. Chamber of Commerce 1615 H Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20062 Tel: 202-463-5482 Fax: 202-463-3114 Bulgarian-American Enterprise Fund (U.S. address) Frank L. Bauer, President Gary E. MacDougal, Chairman 333 West Wacker Drive Suite 2080 Chicago, IL 60606 Tel: 312-629-2500 Fax: 312-629-2929 For Consular Services Only (visas, consular law, etc.) Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria Georgi Peychinov, Consular Officer 1621 22nd Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20008 Tel: 202-483-5885 Fax: 202-234-7973 Consular Office hours: 10:30 a.m.-12:30 a.m. Monday-Friday ============================================================================= 6-3 Useful Contacts in Bulgaria (source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business Bulletin) American Embassy Sofia John Fogarasi, Commercial Attache No.1 Bulgaria Square NDK Administration Building, 5th Floor Sofia, Bulgaria (APO NY 09213-5740) Tel: 359-2-65-94-64 (or 359-2-88-48-01 ext. 307) Fax: 359-2-80-38-50 (or 80-19-77) Telex: 22690 BG Ministry of Industry & Trade Boris Nachev, International Trade Specialist 8, ul. Slavyanska 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria Tel: 359-2-80-37-28 Fax: 359-2-89-76-05 Evgeni Kharalanov, U.S. Desk Officer Tel: 359-2-87-24-20 Fax: 359-2-89-76-05 Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce & Industry Vladimir Lambrev, President 11A, A.Stamboliiski Blvd. 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria Tel: 359-2-87-26-31 Fax: 359-2-87-32-09 Bulgarian-American Enterprise Fund Ms. L. Searle Vetter, Managing Director 3 Shipka Street Sofia, Bulgaria Tel: 359-2-44-18-62 Fax: 359-2-43-89-47 ============================================================================= 6-4 How to reach the Americal University in Bulgaria. (by Karen Colburn and Gregory Gouzev) These two addresses are taken from a brochure on the American University in Bulgaria, established 1991. ( copied here without permission ) 4 year Bachelor of Arts Degrees in Administration, Applied Economics, Computer Science, History, English, Political Science/International Relations, Journalism/Mass Communications. Accredited through the University of Maine, TOEFL and SAT or ACT required. American University in Bulgaria Blagoevgrad 2700, Bulgaria Tel.: (359) 73-23 652 (359) 73-20 968 Fax: (359) 73-25 218 American University in Bulgaria Office of Development 3243 Sutton Place N.W. Washington, D.C. 20016 Tel.: (202) 686-9890 Fax: (202) 686-4538 e-mail domain name : aubg.bg For e-mail: There are two variants to try first: @aubg.bg and @nws.aubg.bg Yet the American University in Bulgaria is NOT connected to Internet via an TCP/IP link, therefore, there is no way you can find aliases, or an IP address for it. Sometimes local mailers reject 'aubg.bg' as a valid domain for this reason. What I found to work is: %aubg.bg@Bulgaria.eu.net Here are some names to use in case you have specific questions: valentin@... Mr. Valentin Shopov, Office of Communications and Computing danche@... Iordanka Melnikliyska, Admissions Officer watkins@... Ms. Watkins, the President of the University pstmaster@... Gets forwarded to Mr. Shopov. Thanks to: vogel@cogsci.edinburgh.ac.uk, daniel@digsys.bg, Wiktor Gonet (GONET@klio.umcs.lublin.pl), and Jeffrey Goldberg (goldberg@nytud.hu) for their invaluable help. ============================================================================= 6-5 What is the address of the Bulgarian chapter of the Association of Computing Machinery. The e-mail address for the Bulgarian chapter is: postmaster@acmbul.bg ============================================================================= 6-6 How to reach the AAPBC (American Association for the Promotion of Bulgarian Culture) (by Mincho Tsankov) A A P B C American Association for the Promotion of BULGARIAN CULTURE The American Association for the promotion of Bulgarian Culture (AAPBC) is an American non-profit organization, founded in Washington, D.C., with international membership, which shall foster the culture of Bulgaria to take a deserved place among the cultures of the world. It shall be guided by the following principles: 1. AAPBC shall invariably serve as a reliable source of information concerning the culture of Bulgaria. 2. AAPBC shall facilitate the explanation and interpretation of the evolution of the culture of Bulgaria. 3. AAPBC shall support the creation of valuable works of culture and the advancement and dissemination of the culture of Bulgaria in all its aspects. 4. AAPBC shall make impartial efforts toward the preservation of all Bulgarian cultural treasures. For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-6-6.TXT ============================================================================= 7-1 Bulgaria's New Cabinet (as of December 1992) (source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business Bulletin) Note: There have been changes to the cabinet. Please keep this in mind. Prime Minister (Chairman of the Council of Ministers) : Lyuben Berov Ministry Minister -------------------------------------------------------------------- Trade Valentin Karabashev (Deputy Chairman) Transportation Kiril Ermenkov Labor/Social Welfare Evgeni Matinchev (Deputy Chairman) Foreign Affairs Stanislav Daskalov Environment Valentin Bosevski Industry Rumen Bikov Finance Stoyan Aleksandrov Defense Valentin Aleksandrov Interior Kosta Bogacevski Justice Petqr Kornajev Science & Higher Education Marko Todorov Culture Ivaylo Znepolski Agriculture Georgi Tanev Health Tancho Gugalov Territorial Development & Hristo Totev Construction ============================================================================= 7-2 How much taxes do Bulgarians pay (by Yulian Donchev) Za mesechni dohodi ot zaplati do 2000 leva - 20% za gornitsata nad 1250 leva do 6000 leva 150 leva + 24% za gornitsata nad 2000 leva do 12000 leva 1110 leva + 28% za gornitsata nad 6000 leva do 200000 leva 2790 leva + 32% za gornitsata nad 12000 leva do 400000 leva 5350 leva + 36% za gornitsata nad 20000 leva do 800000 leva 12550 leva + 40% za gornitsata nad 40000 leva do 125000 leva 28550 leva + 44% za gornitsata nad 80000 leva do 225000 leva 48350 leva + 48% za gornitsata nad 125000 leva nad 225000 leva 96350 leva + 52% za gornitsata nad 225000 leva Za godishni dohodi ot svobodni profesii do 24000 leva - 20% za gornitsata nad 15000 leva do 72000 leva 1800 leva + 24% za gornitsata nad 24000 leva do 144000 leva 13320 leva + 28% za gornitsata nad 72000 leva do 240000 leva 33480 leva + 32% za gornitsata nad 144000 leva do 480000 leva 64200 leva + 36% za gornitsata nad 240000 leva do 960000 leva 150600 leva + 40% za gornitsata nad 480000 leva do 1500000 leva 342600 leva + 44% za gornitsata nad 960000 leva do 2700000 leva 580200 leva + 48% za gornitsata nad 1500000 leva nad 2700000 leva 1156200 leva+ 52% za gornitsata nad 2700000 leva ============================================================================= 8-1 How did Bulgaria perform at the 1992 Olympic Games. (by Dragomir R. Radev) GOLD ---- Ivan Ivanov Weightlifting 52 kg Nikolay Boukhalov Canoe 500 m singles Nikolay Boukhalov Canoe 1000 m singles SILVER ------ Valentin Getsov Free-style wrestling 68 kg Vessela Letcheva Air-Rifle Nonka Matova Smallbore Rifle - 3 positions Nikolai Peshalov Weightlifting 60 kg Yoto Yotov Weightlifting 67.5 kg Tsvetanka Khristova Discus DANIEL BOJINOV BOXING 48 KG BRONZE ------ Valentin Yordanov Free-Style Wrestling 114.5 lb. (???? kg) Maria Zdravkova (Grozdeva?) Air-Pistol Yordanka Donkova 100 m Hurdles Svilen Roussinov Boxing 201+ lb. (????? kg) Martin Marinov, Blagovest Stoyanov Canoe 500 doubles Stefan Botev Weightlifting 110 kg Comments: A TOTAL OF 16 MEDALS (3 GOLD, 7 SILVER, 6 BRONZE) In weightlifting (after all events) : 4 medals ONLY. In rhythmic gymnastics : NO medal Spelling : according to the official spelling used in the newspapers. ============================================================================= 8-2 How did Bulgaria perform at the World Football (Soccer) Cups (by Karel Stokkermans) *** World Cup 1962 (Chile, May 30-June 17) FIRST PHASE Group IV (Rancagua) Argentina 1-0 Bulgaria 1.HUNGARY 3 2 1 0 8- 2 5 Hungary 2-1 England 2.ENGLAND 3 1 1 1 4- 3 3 Argentina 1-3 England 3.Argentina 3 1 1 1 2- 3 3 Bulgaria 1-6 Hungary 4.Bulgaria 3 0 1 2 1- 7 1 Argentina 0-0 Hungary (England takes quarterfinal spot ahead Bulgaria 0-0 England of Argentina on goal average.) *** World Cup 1966 (England, July 11-30) FIRST PHASE Group III (Liverpool and Manchester) Brazil 2-0 Bulgaria 1.PORTUGAL 3 3 0 0 9- 2 6 Portugal 3-1 Hungary 2.HUNGARY 3 2 0 1 7- 5 4 Hungary 3-1 Brazil 3.Brazil 3 1 0 2 4- 6 2 Portugal 3-0 Bulgaria 4.Bulgaria 3 0 0 3 1- 8 0 Portugal 3-1 Brazil Hungary 3-1 Bulgaria *** World Cup 1970 (Mexico, May 31-June 21) FIRST PHASE Group IV (Leon) Peru 3-2 Bulgaria 1.WEST GERMANY 3 3 0 0 10- 4 6 Morocco 1-2 West Germany 2.PERU 3 2 0 1 7- 5 4 Peru 3-0 Morocco 3.Bulgaria 3 0 1 2 5- 9 1 Bulgaria 2-5 West Germany 4.Morocco 3 0 1 2 2- 6 1 Peru 1-3 West Germany Bulgaria 1-1 Morocco *** World Cup 1974 (West Germany, June 13-July 7) FIRST PHASE Group III (D"usseldorf, Hannover and Dortmund) Sweden 0-0 Bulgaria 1.NETHERLANDS 3 2 1 0 6- 1 5 Uruguay 0-2 Netherlands 2.SWEDEN 3 1 2 0 3- 0 4 Netherlands 0-0 Sweden 3.Bulgaria 3 0 2 1 2- 5 2 Bulgaria 1-1 Uruguay 4.Uruguay 3 0 1 2 1- 6 1 Bulgaria 1-4 Netherlands Sweden 3-0 Uruguay *** World Cup 1986 (Mexico, May 31-June 29) FIRST PHASE Group I (Ciudad de Mexico and Puebla) Bulgaria 1-1 Italy 1.ARGENTINA 3 2 1 0 6- 2 5 Argentina 3-1 South Korea 2.ITALY 3 1 2 0 5- 4 4 Italy 1-1 Argentina 3.BULGARIA 3 0 2 1 2- 4 2 South Korea 1-1 Bulgaria 4.South Korea 3 0 1 2 4- 7 1 South Korea 2-3 Italy Argentina 2-0 Bulgaria 1/8 FINALS Ciudad de Mexico Mexico 2-0 Bulgaria ============================================================================= 8-3 How did Bulgarian teams perform in the 1993-94 UEFA cups (by Dragomir R. Radev) 1st round (Sept. 15 and Sept. 29): Botev Plovdiv - *Olympiakos 2:3 1:5 (UEFA Cup) Glasgow Rangers - *Levski 3:2 1:2 (Champions' Cup) *CSKA - Balzers Liechtenstein 8:0 3:1 (Cup Holders' Cup) Lokomotiv Plovdiv - *Lazio 0:2 0:2 (UEFA Cup) Note: the teams marked with * advance to the second round. 2nd round (Oct. 20 and Nov. 3): Levski - *Werder Bremen 2:2 0:1 *Benfica - CSKA 3:1 3:1 Note: the teams marked with * advance to the third round. Source: rec.sport.soccer ============================================================================= 8-4 Who are the most famous Bulgarian athletes of all times (by Dragomir R. Radev) I am accepting nominations for this entry. So far (not in any specific order); Georgi Asparuhov (Gundi) - football(soccer) Manuela Maleeva - tennis Magdalena Maleeva - tennis Katerina Maleeva - tennis Stefka Kostadinova - track & field (high jump) Yordanka Donkova - track & field (100 m hurdles) Nurair Nurikyan - weightlifting Stefan Botev - weightlifting Antonio Krqstev - weightlifting Naum Shalamanov (Naim Suleymanov) - weightlifting Stefan Topurov - weightlifting Hristo Markov - track & field (triple jump) Tanya Bogomilova - swimming Hristo Stoichkov - football(soccer) Yordanka Hristova - track & field (discus) Anelia Ralenkova - gymnastics Iliana Raeva - gymnastics Lili Ignatova - gymnastics Petqr Georgiev - diving ...and a lot more ============================================================================= 9-1 Where's the Bulgarian club in Chicago. (by Vassil Peytchev) This article was supposed to be written long time ago, but my ability to be totally desorganized has prevented me from doing it. Those who went to vote for President of Bulgaria in Chicago may remember that next to the voting place there is a restaurant called "Play it again, Sam". When I was there I met the owner - Hamid Rousev. He invited me to go there again some other time when we would have time to chat. This happened when the Mistery of Bulgarian Voices Choir came to Madison. A friend of mine was here from Duke U. who had a car, so we took three of the singers with us and went to Hamid's place. Learning that my friends were Bulgarians and moreover, folk singers, we were met with the traditional Bulgarian hospitality. At the next table were sitting other Bulgarians, who decided that the first round should be on them. We had Slivova, Grozdova, Shopska Salata, wine, etc. Hamid came to us and we started talking about this and that, how things are going in Bulgaria, where he was from, are there many Bulgarians in Chicago. Gradually more and more Bulgarians came in the place and sat at our table - some have been in the States for more than 30 years, others have just come `na gurbet'. While we were talking, Hamid expressed many of the thaughts Luben Boyanov shared with us in his first letter on the Bulgarian mailing list - about the way Bulgarians abroad don't keep in touch with each other, the lack of cooperation among them (or us?), etc. So he told me about his idea: he turned out to be the owner of the place where we voted and he wants to turn it into a Bulgarian Club, where one could find Bulgarian newspapers, meet other Bulgarians, find information about different things, even come for help and advice. He wants to create a computer directory of Bulgarians troughout the US, so that if someone has to go to a new place, he or she will have an emergency connection there. The evening continued with hora and folk songs, with the help of Kolyo, who is the regular keyboard player at Hamid's place, and with the wonderful voices of the singers. After spending more than 5 hours there, Hamid refused to get any money from us and wished us good luck on our way home, which we really needed. If anybody is interested in this place or has the opportunity of helping the establishment of this club, here are the phone and fax numbers and the address of `Play it again, Sam': Phone: (312)889-6088 Fax : (312)237-5444 7150 W. Grand Avenue Chicago, IL 60635 If there are similar places in other cities in the US or in Europe, it will be interesting to here about it. I am ready to make a summary of the places, so you can either post it here, or you can mail it to me at vassil@cs.wisc.edu ============================================================================= 9-2 Some advice from an American who visited Bulgaria in 1991 (by Rick Speer) For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA file name: FAQ-9-2.TXT ============================================================================= 9-3 Prices of buildings in Bulgaria (by Peter Yovchev) Note: as of June 1993. Predi vreme imashe ideya grupata da predlaga osven kulturna i politicheska sqshto i delova informaciya. Eto moyta pqrva skromna lepta : CENI NA KV. M. APARTAMENT V SOFIYA Centqr 16800 lv. Belite brezi ,Ivan Vazov, Hipodruma - 14500 lv. Zona B-5, Pavlovo , Zaharna fabrika - 13800 lv. Iztok , Serdika - 13000 lv. Geo Milev, Bqkston,Borovo,Banishora - 12000 lv. Razsadnika,Suha reka,Poduene - 9300 lv. Slatina - 8600 lv. Svoboda - 7700 lv. Musagenica,Vitosha, Kr.polyana,Izgrev,Dqrvenica,Ovcha kupel - 10800 lv. Knyajevo - 6700 lv. Levski -6200 lv. Mladost - 9600 lv. Lyulin - 7300 -9400 lv. Nadejda - 8600 - 10100 lv. Drujba - 7600 - 8100 lv. Obelya - 7000 lv. Hadji Dimitqr - 7400 lv. ============================================================================= 9-4 Prices of real-estate in Bulgaria (by Plamen Bliznakov) Eto i ceni, po koito se predlagat parceli v i okolo Sofiya (ot v-k "Pari", 28 juni 1993): BGL / kv.m. - Gornobanski p`t, 1000 kv.m. 1 300 - zad Mototehnika, 735 kv.m. 1 000 - Knyajevo, 800 kv.m. 800 - Malo Buchino, 800 kv.m. 350 - Pobit Kam`k, 800 kv.m. 300 - Voynyagovci, 1 400 kv.m. 450 Predlagat se s`shto parceli v`v Florida, USA: - Florida, USA, 20 dka, pravo na stroej, shose, tok 39 BGL / kv.m. Kakto vijdate, parcelite v Malo Buchino sa dalech po- sk`pi ot tezi v`v Florida (e, Evropa si e Evropa !). ============================================================================= 9-5 How to use credit cards in Bulgaria (by Plamen Bliznakov) During my two-week stay in Bulgaria I tried to check how cash could be obtained from a cradit card account or by cashing a traveller's cheque. First, there was an office of American Express recently established in Sofia. It is located at Batemberg square, at the former office of Yugoslavian airlines JAT. One can obtaing emergency cash from his/her account in this office. I am not sure what is the commission they take for that service. Almost $ 1000 were available to me. Second, Balkantourist is a travel representative of AMEX, offering many services in their office on 1, Vitosha Blvd., including traveller's mail, cashing traveller's cheques, getting cash from AMEX credit card account, etc. They charge 1 % commission + 10 BGL per traveller's cheque for cashing the latter. If you want to use your AMEX charge card, it will cost you 4.5 % commission, and you can get cash only in Bulgarian leva, according to Balkantourist rate. Several other exchange bureaus also can give you Bulgarian leva charging your credit card account (AMEX, Visa, Mastercard), but all I have seen charge 8 % commission. AMEX traveller's cheques can be cashed in some banks as well. One of them is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, which has an office on the 3 floor of EuropaPalace Hotel (former Hotel Rila) in the center of Sofia. First Private Bank also cashes AMEX as well as Mastercard traveller's cheques. You can check with Balkan Air Tours (the office of Balkan Airlines at Sofiyska Communa St.) for cashing AMEX and Eurocheques. Credit cards are accepted for payments of airline tickets at offices of Balkan Airlines, as well as by many travel agencies. Yoy can also use major cards for purchases at CUM and some other stores (e.g., Boujour chain of Stambouli brothers - Cypruss). You can certainly use a credit card at the duty free shops (e.g., at Sofia airport). In a TV interview they also said that a chain of private gas stations now under construction will also start accepting credit cards. ============================================================================= 9-6 How much does it cost to fly from the USA to Bulgaria and back (by Plamen Bliznakov) Flights on Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Effective Sep 01, 1993 Schedule : Eastbound Mon, Fri JFK-SOF LZ602 18:30 - 10:00+1 Westbound Mon, Fri SOF-JFK LZ601 11:00 - 13:45 Shoulder Season Low Season 9/01 - 10/31 11/01 - 12/10 12/10 - 1/04 1/05 - 3/31 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- >From JFK - Economy class Round-trip travel, Stay up to 1 month 669 640 2 months 734 691 4 months 840 798 6 months 924 882 1 year 1,300 1,300 One way 578 525 >From JFK - Business class Round-trip travel 1,300 1,300 One way 700 700 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sofia-JFK, tickets issued in the USA - Economy class Round-trip travel, Stay up to 1 month 618 599 2 months 647 627 Pre-paid tickets Sofia-JFK, tickets issued in Bulgaria but paid in the USA 4 months 786 762 6 months 871 846 1 year 952 952 One way 537 537 Business class Round-trip 952 952 One way 619 619 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notes - New York City Airport tax : $ 21 for round-trips, $ 9 for one way EB, $ 15 for one way WB - Departures - JFK Airport-International Building - East wing terminal (Air Lingus) - Infants (no seat) pay 20 %, children pay 67 % of adult fare - Tickets are restricted, cancelation penalties apply. Fare subject to change - Pre-paid tickets from Sofia : add $ 20 per person - Baggage allowance : 2 pieces, each max 70 lb. Extra piece : $ 81 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Plamen P.S. Some numbers look suspicious to me (e.g., prices for a round-trip travel with a stay up to 1 year are the same for Economy class and for Business class; also, two one-ways are cheaper than one 1-year round-trip travel). However, this are the prices which the agency my wife works at received officially. I might ask her to verify some specific figures if there is interest. ============================================================================= 9-7 Can Bulgarians exchange leva for hard currency (by Vassil Peychev) You can buy any amount of dollars from a "Change" office, which are everywhere in the bigger cities. However, to be able to get the currency out of the country you need a document, certifying where you have it from - for this, you need an international passport (no visa), and the limit is 10,000 lv. However, you can usually get away with a slightly higher amount, and in my experience the customs officers don't care. If you bring currency in, you can take it out with your entry customs form, so don't throw it away! Also, soon the limit will be 50,000 leva, and if you need the money for medical care abroad or for education, there is no limit - but I guess this would involve some unpleasant amount of paperwork. ============================================================================= 9-8 Bringing electrical devices to Bulgaria (by Dragomir R. Radev) Be careful when bringing electrical appliances from the U.S. to Bulgaria. The voltage there (as in the rest of Europe) is 220 V. Don't lose your equipment to the high voltage! In addition to this, note that the frequency used in Bulgaria is 50 Hz, not 60 Hz. In addition to this, please note that plugs (and outlets) in Bulgaria are different than those in the U.S. So, even if your computer (VCR, or whatever) can operate at 220 V, you will still need a special plug (it's better to purchase it before coming to Bulgaria, since you might not be able to find one there). ============================================================================= 9-9 Visit to Varna (by Austin Kelly) Some advice from an American who lived in Bulgaria in 1992-1993 (by Austin Kelly) The following is based on 9 months of teaching at the Technical and Economics Universities of Varna, and a limited amount of traveling throughout Bulgaria in the 1992-93 academic year. While I can relate my experiences, bear in mind that there is an enormous amount of diversity in Bulgaria - take all advice with big grains of salt. First piece of advice - go there, and travel around. The Black Sea Coast is beautiful year round, and has excellent swimming from July through September (June or October if you are really lucky). The mountains are beautiful for hiking, hunting, or skiing in the Winter. And the art and architecture of the monasteries is not to be missed. Most of the large state-owned hotels charge rip-off prices ($100-$200) to foreigners. In Sofia the Sheraton, the New Otani, and to a lesser extent, the Grand Hotel and Park Hotel Moskva provide high standards at high prices. The other big hotels provide the high prices, but don't bother with the service. Private hotels provide a much better correlation between price and service. In Turnovo the Hotel Veliko Turnovo charges stiff prices ($80 dbl) but gives good service in return, as does the Grand Hotel Varna in Sveti Konstantin. The other big hotels in Sveti Konstantin and Golden Sands are badly overpriced. There are alternatives to consider. In Sofia there is a very small hotel between the airport and downtown attached to the Archeological Institute, called the Hotel Kedar (Cedar, as in Cedars of Lebanon). The rooms are small but clean, the prices are cheap, the staff speaks French or German, and its on a main tram line. Another alternative are private accomodation bureaus. BG Tours in Varna booked me into a wonderful room near Sveti Konstantin for $8.00 US a night - it was a short walk downhill (a LONGER walk back uphill) to the beaches, and the balcony looked out on the Black Sea. The owners spoke no foreign language that I recognized but we got along great. If you're really on the cheap universities will rent out any available dorm rooms at around $2 or $3 a night - the trick is connecting with the right person. If you speak Bulgarian or Russian ask a cab driver, etc. the way to the nearest obshezhitie (dormitory) and negotiate with the front desk. If not, try any coffee shop at the university for an English speaker and start asking around. Car rentals are not cheap ($30-$40 a day for a Lada with a manual) but are plentiful. They will advise you to remove your windshield wipers when parked, leave no valuables or packages in the car, and always set the alarm. TAKE THEIR ADVICE. Long-distance buses are fast, comfortable and inexpensive. In Sofia long-distance buses congregate around the Novotel Europa, in Varna they are either at the Cherno More Hotel or near the Cathedral. Trains are slow but generally not too bad (if you ignore the odor in the restrooms). You can probably get around pretty well without a car. Balkan flights between Varna and Sofia are frequent, several a day, more or less on time, and cost $65.00 one-way last time I checked. Balkan's Sofia JFK flights are extremely comfortable. Lufthansa, Swiss Air, Air France, CSA (Czech Slovak), Malev (Hungarian), LOT (Polish) all fly to Sofia. Lufthansa and Balkan treated me fairly well in Sofia, the staff at Air France were obnoxious, and CSA put me through hell like you wouldn't believe. Malev offers discounts to students under 26 for flights throughout E. Europe. In general, flights within E. Europe are much cheaper than to W. Europe. Balkan charged about $200 less r/t Sofia Bratislava than Sofia Vienna, for instance. In general, supplies for tourists are plentiful. If you have a favorite American brand of deodorant or shampoo, bring it. Most of the imports are Turkish, Italian, or German. There are plenty of places selling Kodak and Fuji film, Sony cassettes, etc. Outside of the expensive parts of Sofia fluffy white toilet paper is rare - always keep some with you. Money changing places are ubiquitous - most charge no commission for cash and deal in cash only. Banks charge commissions - some take traveler's checks - a few do credit card cash advances. The commission for these services can be stiff (5%- 8% for traveler's checks). Shop around a little for rates and commissions - there's not a lot of variability but a few places will try to rip you off. NEVER deal with the "change money?" boys, unless you want a handful of Yugoslav dinars, the most worthless currency on earth. Maps in German or English can be found in the touristy areas. The guide to E. Europe published in Berkeley has a pretty good section on Bulgaria. Many people in Sofia and on the Black Sea speak a little English or German - a few know French or Italian. If you know Russian you're all set. Try to at least learn the Cyrillic alphabet - it won't take long and it will make reading train and bus schedules a hell of a lot easier. Crime against persons is rare by the standard of someone living in Washington D.C. (me). I walked around late at night in Varna for 9 months and never felt threatened. The only "crime hotspot" that I know of is near the Hotel Pliska in Sofia. Don't be stupid - don't flash money or jewelry around, etc., and you should be OK. Property crime is more common, and thefts of or from autos seems to be a Bulgarian specialty. VOA and BBC are on FM in Sofia - VOA is on 89.3 FM in Varna, at least for a few hours a day. A small pocket short-wave radio is a good idea, but FM will get you the news in English in at least a few places. The International Herald Tribune is 1 day behind in Sofia, 2 in Varna. There are weekly business newspapers in English published in Sofia. The scarcity of goods in Bulgaria is pretty much over (although a scarcity of money remains!). The most appreciated gifts that I found were books in English (literature, travel, culture, and, especially, business), booze with official US or British tax stamps attached (so the recipient knew it wasn't adulterated swill), and cassettes or CD's of "uncommon" music, ie Blues or Bluegrass anthologies, rare Rock cuts, etc. Garth Brooks, Dolly Parton, R.E.M. and Jesus and Mary Chain are available for $1.50 on cassette all over Bulgaria. In downtown Sofia, Veliko Turnovo, Nessebur, or Golden Sands people are pretty much jaded towards visiting foreigners. Many are quite friendly, a few are rude or hostile, and a lot are indifferent. If you go anywhere smaller, especially the places that Bulgarians think tourists should see, like the ruins at Pliska, the Madara horseman, or hiking the Rodope mountains, or if you ride the 2nd class train compartment to Varna you'll find a lot of people who are still fascinated that an American is kicking around in their country. They'll do all they can to help. Its worth the trip. By the way, to continue with a couple of threads that I read today: In June in Varna matchbooks were being used by shops in place of 50 stotinki pieces - a tram ride in Sofia was 2 lv, and jeans were around 500 Lev. Bulgarian folk music is alive and well. The Restaurant Liverpool on Ul. Dubrovnik in Varna has a live band on Fri. and Sat., the private radio station I worked for in Varna (Kannal Komm) played Bulgarian folk on week-ends and holidays, and in May and June every restaurant in Varna was booked on Saturday and Sunday afternoons for weddings, and every wedding had a band playing folk music. Country-western and Speed Metal haven't completely displaced Bulgarian folk. ============================================================================= 9-10 Visit to Bulgaria (by Jan Terziyski) The airport is 3km from the Sofia living areas (Druzhba, Iskyr, etc.). The buses depart every 20min, but in the rush hours you can get on for 5 min or so. Tickets ARE AVAILABLE on board, but one has to by a bunch of ten or five to ease the driver who may not have change. For the tourists who have reserved rooms in bigger hotels by travelling agency, there are buses going directly to the hotel(I know about Varna, but such a service should be available in Sofia). There are 4 main international roads, used by tourists and cargo-trucks: Kalotina-Sofia-Plovdiv-Svilengrad, Vidin-Sofia-Kulata, Russe-Pleven-Sofia-Kulata and Russe-Sliven-(to Turkey and to Greece). ============================================================================= 9-11 Tourist Information Off-peak Europe in brief [...] During the winter, there's top skiing (Borovets has been the site of World Cup competitions) plus a Christmas and New Year's Festival in the country's 5,000-year-old capital, Sofia. Come spring, Black Sea resorts are magnets for vacationing Europeans. Year-round, Bulgaria is on of the best bargains in Europe. In fact, a seven-day air/land package (New York-Sofia) starts as low as $825 per person. Ski Bulgaria packages - offered by Balkan Holidays - start as low as $1,000 per person, including roundtrip airfare to Sofia, six nights' first-class accomodations, breakfast and dinner daily, equipment rental and lift passes, and ski-school tuition. Best shopping buys include antiques, leather goods, perfume, ceramics and woordcrafts. Bulgarian Tourist Information Center: 41 East 42nd St., Suite 508, New York, NY 10017, (212) 573-5530 Source: NYT supplement "Your invitation to Europe", October 10, 1993 ============================================================================= 9-12 Visa Information Archive (by Vadim Maslov) Use anonymous FTP to site: ftpv.cs.umd.edu directory: pub/cyrillic ============================================================================= 9-13 Travel Information Archive Use anonymous FTP to site: ftp.cc.umanitoba.ca file description: rec.travel archives ============================================================================= 10-1 What did Leland Buxton write about Bulgarians (by Luben Boyanov) From "The Black Sheep of the Balkans", by Leland Buxton, 1920. pp 94-96. Chapter IV - 'Vae Victis' "The Bulgarians, though believed to be of Turanian origin, have been so completely Slavised that they may now be regarded as a branch of the Southern Slavs, with whom they must eventually throw in their lot. So efficient have they shown themselves to be, during the last fifty years, in almost every field except those of propaganda and diplomacy, that many people besides themselves have thought them entitled to become the leading power in the Balkans. This was always an idle dream. Even if they had obtained possession of Macedonia it could never have become a permanent reality, for they are less numerous than the Serbs, the Romanians, or the Greek. But a Southern Slav Federation, including an autonomous Bulgaria and an autonomous Macedonia with ports on the Aegean, would be an effective barrier against any Central European Imperialism on the north and against Hellenic Imperialism on the south, thus insuring Slav predominance in the Balkans. It is unwise to express any other opinion, favourable or otherwise, of the Bulgarians, for any one who does so is suspected of being a dupe either of the Bulgarians themselves or of their enemies. To some people the Bulgar is so objectionable and inhuman that they become almost frenzied in their attempts to describe him; to others he appears to combine the virtues of Don Quixote, St. Anthony, and the Admirable Crichton. Impartial writers, however, usually describe him as industrious, practical, tenacious, patient, courageous, honest and truthful; but silent, unexpansive, grasping, and obstinate. He compels admiration rather than affection, but Englishmen generally find him, in spite of his impenetrable reserve, less irritating than some of his neighbours. He does not, however, possess the attractive manners of the Serb or the Albanian. To the French temperament he is antipathetic, and it was unfortunate for Bulgaria that the country has been mainly in French occupation instead of British or Italian. Middle class Bulgars, most of whom are sons of peasants, are often painfully self-conscious and too much aware of their lack of polish, and their unfortunate desire to keep up appearances sometimes creates an impression of snobbishness." ============================================================================= 10-2 Book about Bulgarian history (by Luben Boyanov) "The Bulgarians in their historical, ethnographical and political frontiers 679 - 1917" {"Bulgarite v tehnite istoricheski, etnografski i politicheski granitzi 679 - 1917"} Actually, the format is a bit "strange" (31x29) as this is a collection of 40 maps, each one commented in 4 languages: German, English, French and Bulgarian. THere are 14 pages preface in those 4 languages by D Rizov - Minister of Bulgaria in Berlin at that time (1917). The edition is excellent - the paper, the comments in 4 languages (BTW, the Bulgarian is in the old style) and I fear that there will be need of another reprint as the 5000 books, won't be around for a long time. The price is 37.70 leva but this is something definately worthed to have hold of, in case one has any interest on the history and problems of the Balkans in the past. ============================================================================= 10-3 Who is John Atanasoff (by Luben Boyanov) Subject: The inventor of the modern digital computer - of Bulgarian origin The name John Atanasoff is not very well known but this is the man who has created the modern digital computer. 50 years have passed since John Atanasoff has created the first digital computer. President Bush has awarded the 1990 National prize for Technical achievement, - the highest American Technical award (I've used non-English text to translate the name of the prize so the correct name of the award may be a different one) to Prof. John Atanasoff. For long time it has been considered that the first electronic digital computer was ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) and one can find that name in almost any Computer Science books as the first example of the first generation digital computer systems. ENIAC was built at the University of Pennsylvania under the direction of John Mauchly and J. P. Eckert. Work on ENIAC began in 1943 and it was completed in 1946. However, in the early seventies it was proven that the ideas behind ENIAC were taken from the ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer) computer. John Atanasoff was born in Hamilton, New York in 1903. He was educated at the University of Florida, Iowa State College, and the University of Wisconsin (PhD, physics, 1930). With the help of Clifford Berry, Atanasoff built a working model of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) in 1942. The ABC computer was a special-purpose machine for solving simultaneous linear equations. It was a serial, binary, electro-mechanical machine, and employed various new techniques that Atanasoff invented, including novel uses of logical circuitry and regenerative memory. Only recently has Atanasoff achieved recognition as one of the "fathers" of the digital computer. During his last visit in Bulgaria to the birth-place of his father - an emigrant orphan from the April Uprising against the Turks, John Atanasoff said: "Like a Bulgarian I am also a restless and creative person and the Slav root in my blood has helped me a great deal in life". John Atanasoff - junior, president of "Cybernetics Products, Inc" has also visited Bulgaria recently. He considers as good the chances of cooperation between his company and the newly emerging Bulgarian private businesses. It's not bad to remember that the inventor of the first modern digital computer is of Bulgarian origin. ============================================================================= 10-4 When was Bulgaria declared independent (by Luben Boyanov) (This article is in Bulgarian) Na 22 Septemvri 1908 godina, v Turnovskata cherkva "Sveti 40 muchenici" v turzhetvena obstanovka e obyavena nezavisimosta na Bulgariya. ============================================================================= 10-5 Bulgaria and World War II (by Luben Boyanov) Basically, the person who was taking the major decisions but not all !!! during the years around 1940 was King Boris III. Both points are important as there are some controvercies and also some propaganda. While it is true, that almost all general decisions were masterminded by Boris III, it is also true that the cabinet and the Prime Minister had some freedom to act and did not consult the King on so many of their actions. The entire story should be started back in the years 1932-35 when it turned out that it is only Germany who is buying the agricultural production of Bulgaria and in return was providing some high quality industrial goods on low prices, from Bulgaria. In several years time (Boris tried to convince Britain and France to allow more BG trade with them, to get more of their products on the BG market on competitive prices, but neither country gave a damn on that matter), Bulgaria was conducting something like 65% (o even more) of its export and import with Germany. The country became almost totaly dependent on Germany. The overall situation was not bad for Bulgaria, as gave a good market for BGs production and in return, the German tools/machines were very well regarded for their quality and reliability in Bulgaria. When WWII started, Bulgaria declared to stay neutral. Relations with all major powers were good. It happened that there was a chance to recover the purely Bulgarian land of Southern Dobruja, which was lost to Romania after the Second Balkan war and then again - after WWI. Russia, England, Germany were pressing Rumania but at the end it was under German pressure that Romania returned the land. So - apart from the huge economic dependance, a feeling of help and concern was received from the German action. Still Boris was determined to keep BG out of the war. There are numerous documents showing that Boris didn't like and even despised Hitler and he was also rather scared what will next decide to do the decorator from Austria. After some time, with the opening of the war in Greece, Hitler got determined to get his troops there (I think Gregory explained this well and why was so). . The German troops have moved in Romania (if I'm not wrong about the time) and at some time Bulgaria given 2 choices - to get on the side of the Germans, or to be crossed as enemy by the Vermaht. There was absolute no support from England or France (as far as I remember, Boris tried to get some help from there) and the internal situation (no anti-German feelings, huge economic dependency) was not helping at all. It was clear, that if Boris has refused to join the Germans, a pro-German pupet regime would have been installed in days, after the German army enters Bulgaria (BG had no army after WWI !!! but even if they had, I doubt what could BG army on its own, without British or French, or US help stand against the Germans) and full colaboration of that pupet regime would have started. Boris chose the other option. He put a lot of conditions to the joining of the Axis - like no BG soldiers for Germany, no interference of Germany in BG gov, etc, etc, then he appointed a Germanophille (or maybe it was earlier he appointed him) Prime Minister - Filov and he binded towards the pressure from Hitler. The memoirs of his Chief of Staff show how much upset he was for that decision. Still he was in some control of the situation, and for the next years, he managed to influence few major events, despite the oposite pressure from Germany and his own government - namely to help saving the Bulgarian Jews being sent to camps in Poland, to give soldiers to the German army, and to declare war on the USSR. Bulgaria was a unique country, where German and Russian missions (diplomatic) were together during the war. Of course, the King was not able to avoid many of the stupid things his pro-German PM did, but he couldn't do anything else, in order to play the game of cat and mouse with Hitler. And the game was to avoid doing anything Hitler wanted, and still to pretend being a true ally to him. Boris was extremely angry that Filov's gov declared war to Britain and the US but he was unable to avoid this. In 1943, after a stormy meeting with Hitler, when Boris refused again to give troops and to deport the Jews (under various explanations), Boris died from mysterious death. There are speculations whetgher he was poisoned and by whom, but from what Iv'e read, it seems that he just couldn't stand that pressure any more and had a heart attack. It is also documented, that earlier in 1943, Boris was preparing a pro-British/American government but if/how/when he would have broken with Hitler and joined the other camp is a mere speculation and mystery, which will be never solved as the death of the King ruined all plans he had or might have had. ============================================================================= 11-1 What do Bulgarian celebrate on March 1. (by Luben Boyanov, Vassil Peychev, and Tanya Vassilevski) On the first day of March, Bulgarians wish each other health and happiness with "Chestita baba Marta" - (in English "Happy Grandma Marta"). "Marta" comes from the word for March (Mart) in Bulgarian. This is an ancient Bulgarian (pagan) tradition (well - I can't tell you how old but I think that it's more than one thousand years old) and symbolizes the end of the cold winter and the coming of the spring. Usually we put something in red and white (a thread in the past and commercialized plastic junk at present) on ourselves (on our wrist or clothes) and when we see the first stork (supposed to come back from the south and not the one in the Zoo) we throw the red and white thread on a tree. The red and white colours symbolize the snow and the blood from an old story where, a stork brings the blessing for health to a small child from its parents, who are far away. The giving of the "marteniza" makes you feel to expect the Spring very soon. The "arrival" of the stork indicates that this has happened. I don't have time now to tell the entire story but I'm sure somebody will. The lack of "real" winter and "storks" (not a lot of them in the cities :-() raises some difficulties in implementing this tradition nowadays but Bulgarians are still celebrating and very fond of the 1st of March (in a traditional and "modern" way at the same time). __ __ | \ / | \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \/ / \__||_/ /\ / \ / \ / \ / \ / \ <> <> /|\ /|\ //|\\ //|\\ ///|\\\ ///|\\\ ////|\\\\ ////|\\\\ /////|\\\\\ /////|\\\\\ ============================================================================= 11-2 What is Gergyovden (by Luben Boyanov) Gergiovden - St. George's day There are a lot of rituals and celebrations, concerning St. George's day (Gergiovden). It is celebrated on the 6th of May, although some calendar changes brought by the Orthodox Church (all dates for celebration of the saints have been changed some time ago). Saint George the Victorious ("Pobedonosez") was cannonized by the Church because of what he has done. He is usually painted on an icon as riding a white horse, holding a lance in his hand, stabbed in the throat of a beast - the dragon ("lamia"). According to the legend, a dragon used to attack the shepherds and their sheep and each time the dragon used to steal a sheep or a lamb. The shepherds were desperate. Then St. George appeared and killed the dragon. Since that day, the shepherds celebrate St. George everyyear and make a "kurban" - slaughter of a lamb (sacrifice for St. George). In every house of a village, a lamb is slaughtered. Before that some flowers are put on the lamb's horns and even a prayer is read. All village gates (doors) are covered with flowers. Early in the morning, people go to the river to wash themselves. On this days, people has to check their weight ("pretegliam se") - it has been the "only" day of the year when people checked their weight. There has also been a tradition that people goto a swing ("lyulka") on that day. St. George's day (Gergiovden) has been pronounced (some years after the liberation of Bulgaria) as the day of the Army - the Bravery day. The main Army parade used to take place on this day. Recently, this festivity has been restored. As far as the 1st of May is concerned, it hasn't been a traditional celebrational day. However, on this day everybody has been trying to cheat somebody else (like on the 1st of April, nowadays). If one succeeds (in his "cheating") - he says :"Mai, mai, zamayah te" (difficult to translate - a play of words meaning - I've cheated you). Traditionally on St. Paul's day (St. Pavel) - the 11th (or 29th) of June people don't work and don't lit fires ("ogniove"). The next day is St. Peter's day - when a chicken is to be eaten. ============================================================================= 11-3 What are Bulgaria's national holidays (by Dragomir R. Radev) New Year's Day Jan 1 National Holiday (Liberation from the Turks) Mar 3 Easter (not on the same day as in Western Europe) Labor Day May 1 St. Cyril and St. Methodius Day (Education and Culture Day, May 24 also Day of the Slavic Heritage) Christmas Dec 25 ============================================================================= 11-4 What are the roots of Bulgarian Orthodoxy (by Luben Boyanov) Bulgaria accepted Orthodoxy during the reign of Boris I. His son - Simeon I (the greatest Bulgarian King) made the Bulgarian Church independent from the Byzantine one. During the First Bulgarian Empire, the Bulgarian Church (Patriarchate) had 2 'headquarters' (sorry don't know more details now) - one in Turnovo and one in Ohrid. After the fall of the First Bulgarian Empire (the Bulgarian capital of the last Bulgarian king of the First Bulgarian Empire - Tzar Samuil was Ohrid) Emperor Basil II (the Bulgar-slayer) did not abolish the Bulgarian Patriarchate in Ohrid. It survived (and was called Bulgarian, even that it was headed by Greek clergy for a long time) until 1766 when it was abolished by the intrigues of the Phanariotes (this was part of the Megali-Idea persued by the clergy of Constantinopol). The Patriarchate in Turnovo was reestablished with the reestablishment of the Second Bulgarian Empire and abolished with its fall - in 1393 (or maybe it was 1396 - the year I remember given as the start of the Ottoman yoke). Due to different reasons, Bulgarians know little on the one of the greatest (and most important) events in their modern history - the reestablishment of their own national church in the Ottoman Empire. This came after several decades of struggle of the Bulgarians with the Phanariotes of Constantinopol (Istanbul) (and the Russian diplomacy). The struggle (which actually started in 1833 when the Bulgarians in Skopie and Samokov refused to continue accepting the Greek clergy) ended with success (even the treath of converting the Bulgarians to Catolicism was used) and on March 10th, 1870 (old style), the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire issued a famous ferman (order), which established the Bulgarian autocephalous Church under a primate entitled Exarch, whose residence was at Constantinopol. On the 16th of Sept 1872, the Greek Orthodox Patriarchy declared the Bulgarian Exrarchate schismatic and the schism lasted until the late 1940-ies (or maybe early 50-ies, and after that Bulgaria's church leader is Patriarch). The jurisdiction of the Exarchate during its establishment was over 15 dioceses ('mitropolii'), including Nish, Pirot and Veles (but not Varna !!!). Other dioceses were to be added in case at least 2/3rd of the Christian local population so desired (this was a not well known but truly democratic act during the 19th century on the Balkans). In virtue of that, the Porte (i.e. the Ottoman administrati- on) subsequently allowed Bulgarian bishops in Ohrid, Uskub (at present - Sko- pie, Monastir, Nevrokop (at present - Goce Delchev), Dibra, and Strumitsa. The Bulgarian Exarch was resident in Constantinopol until the Balkan Wars after which (in 1913), he (at that time - Exarch Joseph) withdrew to Sofia. ============================================================================= 11-5 What are the features of Orthodox religion (by Jan Terziyski) Copied without authors' permission from a pamphlet of the "Sveti Nikolai" church (Ochanomizu, Chyoda-ku, Tokyo). FAIR USE ONLY. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Guide Lines for Holy Communion Orthodox Christians are expected to take Confession before Holy Communion. Let us prepare ourselves with prayers and fasting from the night before. Holy Communion in the Orthodox Church is shared only by Orthodox Christians. Even though there are non-Orthodox Churches which encourage and permit their faithful to take Communion in the Orthodox Church, it is not allowed to do so in the Orthodox Church. Like wise, Orthodox Christians may not take Communion in non-Orthodox Churches. When you are taking Holy Communion in a parish other than your own, please notify the priest before-hand, no later than at the time of Confession. Due to the fact that we receive faithful from all aver the world, sometimes it is difficult to identify a person from other denominations, so please be sure to be able in some way to prove yourself to be Orthodox. Although we deeply regret that it must be, there may be some cases where it is impossible to fully verify the Orthodoxy of the visitor. Therefore, we may ask you to present some form of identification before we can give you Communion. Please be sure to talk with one of the priests as early as possible to avoid such unfortunate incident. Wee thank you for your cooperation. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hope it helps to verify/elaborate some activities of the Orthodox Church, though this one is a Russian church. Jan Terziyski ============================================================================= 11-6 What is the origin of Petkovden (by Peter Yovchev) Na 14 oktomvri e Petkovden, denyat na Sveta Petka. Eto malqk otkqs ot BIP : Petkovden Prep. Paraskeva (Petka) pravoslavnata cqrkva chestva na 14 oktomvri. Tova e nepodvizhen cqrkoven praznik. Tja e rodena v grad Epivat-Trakija, prez X vek. Oshte na mladini se obricha v sluzhba na Boga. Naj-silno i povlijali Evangelskite slova, koito vednqzh chula v hrama: "Ako njakoj iska da vqrvi sled Mene, da se otkazhe ot sebe si". Celija si zhivot prep. Paraskeva prekarala v Jordanskata pustinja. Prez 1025 g. netlennite j moshti bili preneseni v Tqrnovo, a po-kqsno - v gr. JAsh - Rumqnija, kqdeto sa i do dnes. ============================================================================= 12-1 Bulgarian Literary Archive (contributed by Luben Boyanov, Gergana Haralampieva, Ivan Vassilev, and Dragomir R. Radev) The following 28 poems and 1 short story are archived in the ftp site (see the answer to FAQ 1-2) The archive currently contains the following: File Author Title BDIM001.TXT Blaga Dimitrova To be a Woman BDIM002.TXT Blaga Dimitrova Sama jena na pqt BDIM003.TXT Blaga Dimitrova Heroics BDIM004.TXT Blaga Dimitrova To the End DDEB001.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov *** DDEB002.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov *** DDEB003.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov Molitva DDEB004.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov Bohemski noshti DJOT001.TXT Dobri Jotev Sebeprisqda EEVT001.TXT Evtim Evtimov *** FOLK001.TXT Folklore Bilyana platno beleshe ICAN001.TXT Ivan Canev Mig IMIL001.TXT Ivan Milchev Pqrvi snyag IVAZ001.TXT Ivan Vazov De e Bqlgariya KDON001.TXT Kalin Donkov Zimna kqshta NFUR001.TXT Nikola Furnadjiev Jena NHAY001.TXT Nikolay Haytov Mqjki vremena NLIL001.TXT Nikolay Liliev *** NLIL002.TXT Nikolay Liliev *** NYOR001.TXT Nedyalko Yordanov Lyubov neobyasnima PMAT001.TXT Pavel Matev *** PSLA001.TXT Petko Slaveykov Tatkovina PYAV001.TXT Peyo Yavorov Rodina PYAV002.TXT Peyo Yavorov Ela PYAV003.TXT Peyo Yavorov Zatochenici VBAS001.TXT Vladimir Bashev Spomen za pqrvata celuvka VBAS001.TXT Vladimir Bashev Risunka VHAN001.TXT Vesselin Hanchev Prqsten VHAN002.TXT Vesselin Hanchev Lyubov ============================================================================= __ ______ / /_______/ \ (Please someone help me draw a better map) \ _/ | / | \ | _______| \______/ ============================================================================= -- Dragomir R. Radev Graduate Research Assistant Natural Language Processing Group Columbia University CS Department Office: (212) 939-7121 Home: (212) 866-8548 ******************************************************************************