Document 0631
 DOCN  M9440631
 TI    Phylogenetic subtypes of human T-lymphotropic virus type I and their
       relations to the anthropological background.
 DT    9404
 AU    Miura T; Fukunaga T; Igarashi T; Yamashita M; Ido E; Funahashi S; Ishida
       T; Washio K; Ueda S; Hashimoto K; et al; Institute for Virus Research,
       Kyoto University, Japan.
 SO    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Feb 1;91(3):1124-7. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/94134710
 AB    Isolates of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) were
       phylogenetically analyzed from native inhabitants in India and South
       America (Colombia and Chile) and from Ainu (regarded as pure Japanese
       descendants from the preagricultural Jomon period). Their genomes were
       partially sequenced together with isolates from Gabon in central Africa
       and from Ghana in West Africa. The phylogenetic tree was constructed
       from the sequence data obtained and those of previously reported HTLV-I
       isolates and simian T-lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I) isolates. The
       heterogeneity of HTLV-I was recently recognized, and one major type,
       generally called the cosmopolitan type, contained Japanese, Caribbean,
       and West African isolates. The phylogenetic tree constructed in the
       present study has shown that this cosmopolitan type can be further
       grouped into three lineages (subtypes A, B, and C). Subtype A consists
       of some Caribbean, two South American, and some Japanese isolates,
       including that from the Ainu, in addition to an Indian isolate, and
       subtype B consists of other Japanese isolates in addition to another
       Indian isolate, suggesting that there might be at least two ancestral
       lineages of the Japanese HTLV-I. Subtype A implies a close connection of
       the Caribbean and South American natives with the Japanese and thereby a
       possible migration of the lineage to the American continent via Beringia
       in the Paleolithic era. Subtype C consists of the West African and other
       Caribbean isolates, indicating that not all but part of the Caribbean
       strains directly originated from West Africa probably during the period
       of slave trade. The tree also has shown that the HTLV-I isolate from
       Gabon in central Africa forms a cluster with STLV-I from a chimpanzee,
       suggesting a possible interspecies transmission between man and the
       chimpanzee in the past. No specific clustering was observed in the tree
       in relation to manifestations of the disease such as adult T-cell
       leukemia and HTLV-I-related neurological disorders. Thus, the topology
       of the phylogenetic tree reflects the movement of people carrying the
       virus in the past.
 DE    Adult  Africa  Aged  Animal  Australoid Race/GENETICS  Emigration and
       Immigration  Female  Genes, Viral  Human
       HTLV-I/*CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF  India  Japan  Male
       Middle Age  Negroid Race/GENETICS  *Phylogeny  Primates  Repetitive
       Sequences, Nucleic Acid  South America  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       STLV/CLASSIFICATION/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).