Document 0636
 DOCN  M9440636
 TI    Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected
       infants and children.
 DT    9404
 AU    Goodwin SD; Division of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy,
       University of; Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
 SO    Pharmacotherapy. 1993 Nov-Dec;13(6):640-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94134528
 AB    Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most common opportunistic
       infection in adults and children infected with the human
       immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Without prophylaxis, half of all these
       children will develop PCP at sometime during their illness. The disease
       is associated with high mortality and a poor prognosis for long-term
       survival in this patient population. In infants and young children, PCP
       may be a primary infection, compared with reactivation of a latent
       infection that is usually the case in older children and adults.
       Clinical features, radiographic findings and diagnostic strategies are
       similar in children and adults. Although alternative agents are being
       investigated, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and pentamidine
       remain the standard therapeutic agents. Insufficient data are available
       to recommend routine adjunctive corticosteroids in children with
       acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), PCP, and significant
       respiratory disease. Prophylaxis against PCP occurrence or recurrence is
       indicated for HIV-infected children and infants under 1 year of age,
       children with less than 20% T4 helper lymphocytes, those meeting
       age-related Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines for
       prophylaxis, and those with a history of suspected or documented PCP.
       The CDC recommends intermittent TMP-SMX for PCP prophylaxis in children
       with AIDS.
 DE    AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*DRUG THERAPY/IMMUNOLOGY/
       PREVENTION & CONTROL  Child  Child, Preschool  Drug Therapy, Combination
       Human  Immunocompromised Host  Infant  Infant, Newborn
       Pentamidine/THERAPEUTIC USE  Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/*DRUG
       THERAPY/IMMUNOLOGY/  PREVENTION & CONTROL  Risk Factors  Time Factors
       Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination/THERAPEUTIC USE  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).