Document 0878
 DOCN  M9440878
 TI    Co-infection and synergy of human immunodeficiency virus-1 and herpes
       simplex virus-1.
 DT    9404
 AU    Heng MC; Heng SY; Allen SG; Department of Medicine, UCLA San Fernando
       Valley Internal; Medicine Program, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
       Sepulveda; 91343.
 SO    Lancet. 1994 Jan 29;343(8892):255-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94125736
 AB    The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) uses the CD4 molecule,
       expressed by T helper cells and activated macrophages, as a receptor for
       entry into host cells. In tissues co-infected with herpes simplex type 1
       (HSV-1), HIV-1 virions were observed to infect keratinocytes, which,
       because they lack the CD4 molecule, are normally incapable of being
       infected by HIV-1. Although a number of other viruses have been reported
       to enhance HIV-1 viral transcription in vitro, this is the first in-vivo
       report to our knowledge of reciprocal enhancement of viral replication
       associated with co-infection of keratinocytes and macrophages by HIV-1
       and HSV-1 in patients with AIDS and non-genital herpes simplex lesions.
       The virions in the co-infected cells were larger, morphologically
       atypical, and appear to be hybrids; most contain the HIV-1 envelope
       necessary for infectivity. The increased viral load and the proximity of
       the virions to the cutaneous surface may lead to increased risk of
       transcutaneous transmission of both viruses. These findings point to the
       need for incorporation of suppressive treatment for herpes simplex in
       the treatment of AIDS.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/BLOOD/*COMPLICATIONS/
       *IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY/PATHOLOGY/TRANSMISSION  Adult  Biopsy
       Case-Control Studies  Herpes
       Simplex/BLOOD/*COMPLICATIONS/*IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY/  PATHOLOGY  Human
       HIV-1/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY/PHYSIOLOGY/*PATHOGENICITY
       Immunohistochemistry  Keratinocytes/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY  Leukocyte
       Count  Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY  Macrophage Activation
       Macrophages/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY  Male  Matched-Pair Analysis  Middle
       Age  Simplexvirus/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY/PHYSIOLOGY/*PATHOGENICITY
       Transcription, Genetic  *T4 Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY
       Virion/IMMUNOLOGY/PATHOGENICITY  Virus Replication  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).