Document 0964
 DOCN  M9440964
 TI    HIV-1 in human alveolar macrophages from infected patients is latent in
       vivo but replicates after in vitro stimulation.
 DT    9404
 AU    Lebargy F; Branellec A; Deforges L; Bignon J; Bernaudin JF; INSERM U
       139, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France.
 SO    Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1994 Jan;10(1):72-8. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/94121942
 AB    It has been demonstrated that alveolar macrophages (AM) are permissive
       for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) after in vitro infection.
       However, data concerning in vivo infection of AM by HIV-1 still
       conflict. Therefore, we investigated AM collected by bronchoalveolar
       lavage from 15 HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1 p24 and Gp120 antigens and
       viral RNA were not detected by immunocytochemistry and in situ
       hybridization, respectively, using 35S-labeled 3 kb Pol-Env, 0.350 kb
       Gag, and 0.150 kb U5 LTR cRNA probes. In contrast, when using polymerase
       chain reaction on DNA extracted from purified AM, HIV-1 DNA was detected
       in the seven patients tested. After short-term culture of alveolar cells
       from three HIV-1-infected patients and in vitro stimulation with
       granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor
       necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), HIV-1 replication was observed in
       most of the AM. These results demonstrate that AM are latently infected
       by HIV-1 in vivo but are not a site for viral replication. In contrast,
       HIV-1 replication occurs when AM are withdrawn from their local
       environment, enhanced by GM-CSF and TNF-alpha stimulation. This suggests
       either a negative control or an inadequate stimulation of HIV-1
       replication in the alveolar environment.
 DE    Cell Line  DNA, Viral/ANALYSIS  Granulocyte-Macrophage
       Colony-Stimulating Factor/PHARMACOLOGY  Human  HIV Core Protein
       p24/ANALYSIS  HIV Envelope Protein gp120/ANALYSIS  HIV
       Infections/MICROBIOLOGY  HIV-1/*PHYSIOLOGY  Immunohistochemistry  In
       Situ Hybridization  In Vitro  Macrophages, Alveolar/*MICROBIOLOGY
       Polymerase Chain Reaction  RNA, Viral/ANALYSIS  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Tumor Necrosis Factor/PHARMACOLOGY  Virus Latency/*PHYSIOLOGY  Virus
       Replication/DRUG EFFECTS/*PHYSIOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).