Document 0678
 DOCN  M9460678
 TI    Application of a rapid assay for detection of antibodies to human
       immunodeficiency virus in urine.
 DT    9404
 AU    Constantine NT; Zhang X; Li L; Bansal J; Hyams KC; Smialek JE;
       Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of; Medicine,
       Baltimore.
 SO    Am J Clin Pathol. 1994 Feb;101(2):157-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94160943
 AB    The use of rapid, simple tests to detect antibodies to human
       immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in urine could be valuable for several
       testing situations, such as in private offices, for epidemiologic
       surveys, and in developing countries. The authors evaluated the
       performance of the SUDS HIV type 1 test to detect antibody to HIV-1
       peptides in urine. Test performance and applicability of the SUDS test
       were compared with a routine Food and Drug Administration-licensed
       enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot using 139
       serum and urine pairs collected from autopsy cases. Using a modified
       procedure when testing urine by the SUDS test, results indicated that a
       total of 15 serum/urine pairs were HIV-1 antibody positive by both the
       SUDS test and ELISA; all could be confirmed positive by Western blot.
       One sample produced discrepant results. The SUDS test produced no
       false-positive results when testing serum or urine, as compared with
       ELISA, and no false-negative results when compared with the Western
       blot. For optimal accuracy of detection of antibodies using urine, at
       least 100 microL of sample was required. By Western blot analysis,
       antibody profiles in urine were generally weaker than in serum, but
       confirmation of positivity was not compromised when larger volumes were
       used. The authors concluded that this rapid HIV-1 test, when used to
       detect antibodies to HIV-1 in urine, is accurate, easy to perform, and
       appropriate for use in certain testing situations.
 DE    Blotting, Western/STANDARDS  Comparative Study  Enzyme-Linked
       Immunosorbent Assay/STANDARDS  False Negative Reactions  False Positive
       Reactions  Filtration/*METHODS  Human  HIV Antibodies/ANALYSIS/*URINE
       HIV Infections/DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY/URINE  Immunoassay/*STANDARDS
       Microchemistry  Sensitivity and Specificity  Support, U.S. Gov't,
       Non-P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

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