Document 0691
 DOCN  M9460691
 TI    Genetic analysis and molecular phylogeny of simian T-cell lymphotropic
       virus type I: evidence for independent virus evolution in Asia and
       Africa.
 DT    9404
 AU    Song KJ; Nerurkar VR; Saitou N; Lazo A; Blakeslee JR; Miyoshi I;
       Yanagihara R; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National
       Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of;
       Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
 SO    Virology. 1994 Feb 15;199(1):56-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       GENBANK/L20669
 AB    Type C retroviruses, designated simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I
       (STLV-I), have been isolated from several genera of Old World monkeys
       and apes, but not from New World monkeys and prosimians. To determine
       the genomic diversity and molecular evolution of STLV-I and to clarify
       their genetic relationship to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I
       (HTLV-I), we enzymatically amplified, then directly sequenced selected
       regions of the gag, pol, env, and pX genes of STLV-I strains from Asia
       and Africa. STLV-I strains Si-2, Matsu, and JM86 from Japanese macaques,
       which exhibited sequence similarities ranging from 98.5 to 99.8% among
       themselves, diverged by 12.9 to 13.3% from STLV-I strain MM39-83 from a
       naturally infected rhesus macaque, by 9.7 to 11.2% from STLV-I strains
       from Africa, and by 8.8 to 11.2% from HTLV-I strains originating in
       Japan, India, Africa, the Caribbean, the Americas, Polynesia, and
       Melanesia. By contrast, the interspecies nucleotide sequence similarity
       among African STLV-I strains from green monkey, yellow baboon, sooty
       mangabey, and common chimpanzee was remarkably high, ranging from 96.9
       to 97.4%, and these STLV-I strains diverged by only 2.2 to 2.8% from
       HTLV-I strain EL from equatorial Zaire. Phylogenetic trees constructed
       by using the neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony methods indicated
       that the Asian STLV-I strains diverged from the common ancestral virus
       prior to African STLV-I and cosmopolitan and Melanesian HTLV-I strains.
       Thus, our data are consistent with an archaic presence of STLV-I in
       Asia, probably predating macaque speciation, with subsequent independent
       virus evolution in Asia and Africa.
 DE    Africa  Animal  Asia  Base Sequence  DNA, Viral  *Evolution  Human
       Molecular Sequence Data  Phylogeny  Primates  Sequence Homology, Nucleic
       Acid  STLV/CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
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