Document 0012
 DOCN  M9460012
 TI    Pathogenesis and treatment of the anemia of chronic disease.
 DT    9408
 AU    Krantz SB; Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs
       Medical; Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
 SO    Am J Med Sci. 1994 May;307(5):353-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94226204
 AB    The anemia of chronic disease may be viewed simply as the anemia that
       accompanies chronic inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic disorders.
       Because these conditions are very common, the anemia of chronic disease
       is one of the most frequent anemias encountered, and is only second in
       incidence to iron-deficiency anemia. The anemia of chronic disease is
       primarily an anemia due to underproduction of red cells, with low
       reticulocyte production, and is most often a normochromic, normocytic
       anemia. However, in 30% to 50% of patients, the red cells are
       hypochromic and microcytic and, most often, the serum iron, total
       iron-binding capacity, and transferrin saturation are reduced in the
       presence of adequate iron stores. Although the differential diagnosis
       includes other underproduction anemias, such as those caused by vitamin
       and mineral deficiencies, renal failure, endocrinopathies, and
       myelodysplasia, it generally is easily distinguished from these
       conditions. Nevertheless, an understanding of the pathogenesis of this
       condition, as well as a means of alleviating the anemia when the chronic
       disorder persists, has remained elusive. Recently, major advances have
       occurred toward understanding the pathogenesis of the anemia of chronic
       disease and its treatment, and these advances are reviewed.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS
       Anemia/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY/*THERAPY  Anemia, Hypochromic/EPIDEMIOLOGY
       Animal  Arthritis, Rheumatoid/COMPLICATIONS  Bone
       Marrow/PATHOLOGY/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY  *Chronic Disease
       Cytokines/PHYSIOLOGY/THERAPEUTIC USE
       Erythropoietin/PHYSIOLOGY/THERAPEUTIC USE  Human  Incidence
       Neoplasms/COMPLICATIONS  Recombinant Proteins/THERAPEUTIC USE  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.  Support, U.S. Gov't,
       P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).