Document 0088
 DOCN  M9460088
 TI    Comparative embryonic cytotoxicity of antiretroviral nucleosides.
 DT    9408
 AU    Toltzis P; Mourton T; Magnuson T; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western
       Reserve University, School; of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
 SO    J Infect Dis. 1994 May;169(5):1100-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94223071
 AB    Previous experiments have indicated that zidovudine is cytotoxic to
       early murine embryos both in vivo and in vitro. Newer nucleoside analogs
       (ddI, ddC, and d4T) with antiretroviral activity were tested to
       determine whether they had similar toxicity. Exposure of two-cell
       embryos to each of these three drugs inhibited blastocyst formation only
       at concentrations > or = to 100 microM. Sublethal preblastocyst exposure
       to d4T resulted in failure to develop beyond the blastocyst stage at 10
       microM; no effect was seen with ddC or ddI at concentrations up to 100
       microM. In each instance, however, cytotoxicity of all three drugs was
       significantly less than with zidovudine at equivalent concentration.
       These experiments suggest that newer antiretroviral nucleosides may be
       safer to use in early pregnancy than zidovudine.
 DE    Animal  Antiviral Agents/*TOXICITY  Comparative Study
       Didanosine/TOXICITY  Embryo/*DRUG EFFECTS  HIV/DRUG EFFECTS  Mice
       Nucleosides/*TOXICITY/THERAPEUTIC USE  Stavudine/TOXICITY  Tissue
       Culture  Zalcitabine/TOXICITY  Zidovudine/TOXICITY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).