Document 0147
 DOCN  M9460147
 TI    High proportion of HIV-2 and HIV-1/2 double-reactive sera in two Indian
       states, Maharashtra and Goa: first appearance of an HIV-2 epidemic along
       with an HIV-1 epidemic outside of Africa.
 DT    9408
 AU    Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Maniar J; Gerte S; Brede HD; Dietrich U; Mahambre
       G; Pfutzner A; Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut
       Georg-Speyer-Haus,; Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
 SO    Int J Med Microbiol Virol Parasitol Infect Dis. 1994 Jan;280(3):398-402.
       Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94220813
 AB    The seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections was determined in
       selected groups of patients from an STD clinic and in female prostitutes
       from two different states of India. A total of 809 sera from Maharashtra
       and of 61 sera from Goa were analyzed. Of the unscreened sera from
       Bombay, 39% were positive as were 15% of the sera from Goa. Among the
       HIV-positive sera from Bombay, 79% were positive for HIV-1, 4% were
       positive for HIV-2 and 17% were positive for HIV-1 and 2. In the Goa
       group, 67% of the infected sera were HIV-1-positive and 33% were HIV-2
       positive. Due to the nearly even distribution of infections between men
       and women, a mainly heterosexual mode of transmission is evident. HIV-2
       infections were first detected in India in 1990 (Rubsamen et al.,
       Lancet, 1991). Before that time, Asia was believed to be free HIV-2. The
       present study represents the first documentation of a large proportion
       of these infections, alone and in combination with HIV-1, in the Asian
       continent. An HIV-2 epidemic running parallel to an HIV-1 epidemic so
       far has never been observed outside of Africa. This would indicate that
       a further spread of HIV-2 worldwide is to be expected and that HIV-2
       should be included in programs of vaccine development for humans.
 DE    Blotting, Western  Cohort Studies  Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
       Female  Fluorescent Antibody Technique  Human  HIV Antibodies/*BLOOD
       HIV Seropositivity/BLOOD/*EPIDEMIOLOGY  *HIV Seroprevalence
       HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY  HIV-2/*IMMUNOLOGY  India/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Male  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).