Document 0172
 DOCN  M9460172
 TI    Elevated central nervous system prostaglandins in human immunodeficiency
       virus-associated dementia.
 DT    9408
 AU    Griffin DE; Wesselingh SL; McArthur JC; Department of Neurology, Johns
       Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
 SO    Ann Neurol. 1994 May;35(5):592-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94234691
 AB    The dementia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is
       poorly understood. Dementia is accompanied by infection and activation
       of macrophage lineage cells in the brain and production of toxic
       products by these cells has been postulated to play a role in the
       pathogenesis of dementia. Eicosanoids are potential products of
       activated macrophages that can mediate cell injury. We measured the
       levels of prostaglandin E2 in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-positive
       individuals with dementia and/or myelopathy and compared these levels
       with those of HIV-negative patients with other neurological diseases and
       HIV-positive patients without dementia. Cerebrospinal fluid
       prostaglandin E2 levels were increased in dementia. This increase was
       associated with severity of dementia and correlated with cerebrospinal
       fluid levels of neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin. Prostaglandins F2
       alpha and thromboxane B2, additional products of the cyclooxygenase
       pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, were also elevated in dementia,
       but leukotriene C4, a product of the lipoxygenase pathway was not. Since
       synthesis of prostaglandins is regulated in part by the levels of
       inducible forms of cyclooxygenase, we measured the levels of
       cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 mRNAs in the brains of HIV-positive individuals
       with and without dementia by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain
       reaction. Levels of intact cyclooxygenase-1 mRNA were higher in the
       brains of demented individuals, but this did not reach statistical
       significance. These data demonstrate that prostaglandins are increased
       in the central nervous system in HIV-associated dementia and may play a
       role in the development of neurological dysfunction.
 DE    AIDS Dementia Complex/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID  Base Sequence
       Brain/METABOLISM  Cohort Studies  Dinoprostone/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
       Human  HIV Seropositivity/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID  Leukocyte Count
       Longitudinal Studies  Molecular Sequence Data  Polymerase Chain Reaction
       Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase/METABOLISM  Radioimmunoassay
       Reference Values  RNA, Messenger/ANALYSIS  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  T4 Lymphocytes  JOURNAL ARTICLE
       MULTICENTER STUDY

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).