TUTORIAL.TXT for HUBBLE 2.20 1. USES OF SOME IMAGE PROCESSING OPERATION. - A NOTES ON 24-BITS TRUE COLOR IMAGE When displaying a 24-bits true color image, there can be two versions to be displayed. By default, If the display adapter is not capable of displaying true color, the ditherred version (can be turn on and off from "Option Menu") will be displayed. However, in some instances, when displaying a ditherred version, some tiny stray image may be visible at some edge, this will not effect the correctness of the image's subsequent operation. - EQUALIZATION This method of image processing can help obtaining image with more desirable intensity distribution. The easiest is to use the default equalization to obtain better contrast. However, if the result is still not good enough, users can choose "Customized Contrast Control" from the "Process Menu". Under this method, users can interactively adjust the intensity distribution of the image. If two standard equalization method still cannot give the desired result, A "Customized" mothod can be use. If users choose this method, different intensity distribution can be specified by just click or drag the mouse on the intensity distribution histogram. Resulting effect can be observed immediately after users release the mouse button. Users can easily and precisely achieve this intensity re-distribution at will without having to know the theory behind the operation. - TONE AND COLOR ADJUSTMENT This is similar to EQUALIZATION mention above, except that users adjust the intensity level instead of the intensity itself. However, this method may not give noticeable result for pure color image. - COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING See below. - FILTERING OPERATION In case users don't like the result because it's too bright or too dark, a scaling factor can be used. Right shift mean multiply by 2, left shift mean devide by two. Remember, if used multiply or devide as a scaling method, do not use a value of zero. - BIBLIOGRAPHY 2. USE OF DESKTOP PUBLISHING FEATURES IN DOCUMENT BASED PROCESSING A. A Tour Through Sample HUBBLE Document File A.1 Switch to [Document Based Processing] from [Option Menu] (Alt-O, D) A.2 Load HUBBLE document file *HUBBLE.PUB* Using [File Menu] (Alt-F, O) A.3 After the HUBBLE document is loaded, Users can edit paragraph text of the document using cursor keys, keys, key, etc., or add text to a paragraph text. A.4 To manipulate other graphic element, choose one of the menu commands or click on a toolbox icon. A.5 To Manipulate (Move/Resize/Delete) bitmap image, choose (Alt-E, M) from the [Edit Menu]. Move mouse cursor on or around the bitmap image, a hand cursor means users can move the image, a cross-arrow means users can resize the image. Drag mouse (move mouse while left button is down) to move or resize. Use key to delete the image. A.6 Press [Esc] key to return to normal default operation. (Text input) A.7 Click on [Drawing Tools] icon (The one with line, square, and circle) To move, resize, add, or delete drawings. E.g. Click on button to resize or move the current drawing. Press key to signal the operation (move/resize) is completed. Click on to return to normal default operation. A.8 Users can also reposition relative top-bottom placement of graphic elements or drawings from [Edit Menu] (Alt-E, n) (Edit, Reposition). Use key to select current drawing, up-arrow to reposition the drawing to the top, use down-arrow to reposition drawing bottom of the drawing stack. Press [Esc] key to return to normal default operation. (Text input) B. Document Resolution and Printing B.1 Users can customize page layout and paragraph format from [Option Menu] (Alt-O, P). A Page and Paragraph Format Dialog is invoked. One item in the dialog box is the setting of document resolution. This setting only affect the printing quality of the document. B.2 The best result is when the resolution setting is the same as the printer's resolution. However, if the printer resolution is too high, HUBBLE may not be able to handle (It consume too much memory). In this case, choose a lower resolution. In general, choose a resolution between 100 to 200 pixels/inch. B.3 Choose [Print Preview] for several resolution settings to determine best resolution setting. 2. USE OF DESKTOP PUBLISHING FEATURES IN DOCUMENT BASED PROCESSING (Cont'd) C. Available Fonts Style and Size C.1 Most elements of HUBBLE document, drawings, image, etc. can be move or resized. However, "Fonts Size and Style" for paragraph text input is limited to those installed on the Windows. C.2 There is a way to customize paragraph text "Fonts SIZE" when printing. The trick is to use [Page and Paragraph Format] from [Edit Menu] to define document page size. However, when printing, users can reduce or enlarge the printing page. C.3 For example, users define a document page of 4" by 5". However, when printing, users can chose the printing page size (from [print Dialog]) to be 8" by 10". In effect, users are printing the document page which a "Fonts SIZE" twice the size of those available from the fonts installed on the system. 3. USE OF TOOLBOX:(GENERAL) AND OTHER IMAGE OR DOCUMENT EDITING COMMANDS A. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% IMPORTANT SPECIAL NOTICES %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% A.1 *** BRUSH SELECTION and LINE SELECTION *** from [Option Menu] LINE SELECTION affect the attributes of drawing tools. (Tools with icon of a line, a circle, a square) BRUSH SELECTION affect the attributes of pencil tool. (freehand drawing, Tools with icon a pencil) A.2 Generally, users signal the end of an operation by pressing the key. A.3 Usually, there may be several image editing elelments (drawings, bitmap image, etc.) available at the same time. Depend on specific tools or commands used, users may be able to know which editing element is the current (active) one by making one of the following observation: A.3.1 By moving the mouse cursor, a hand-shaped cursor will appear above the active editing element. A.3.2 Color of the editing element is inverted. This situation is is typical for MOVE/RESIZE operation. A.3.3 By changing the editing element's attribute, e.g. by toggling between OPAQUE and TRANSPARENT mode. 3. USE OF TOOLBOX:(GENERAL) AND OTHER IMAGE OR DOCUMENT EDITING COMMANDS (Cont'd) B. GENERAL CONCEPT B.1 Users access to toolbox by clicking on the appropriate icon. A set of will appear on the status line from which users can choose to perform or fine tune the operations. After users perform a task, such as enter text lines or make drawings, the program still allow users to make further adjustment. Commonly available feature are (resize and move), changing the foreground color, changing the background color, etc. Modifications made to the image are grouped in **logical units** of operation, such as a drawing, a line of text, or a group of pixels. Hence , , , etc. are applied to the whole unit of operation. Users can have many unit of operation (e.g. many geometric drawings) at the same time, and can change focus to different unit by using key of push button on the status line. NOTES: All change made by toolbox are still not committed to the image (changes have to be committed to the image to become part of the image) until users click on the (write) or push button. Please refer to online help for detail. -- users can click on push button to end the operation. -- C. Notes on TOOLBOX:(RECTANGLE) and TOOLBOX:(Image Patching) C.1 Similarity and Difference TOOLBOX:(RECTANGLE) allow users to define a rectangular area on the image and then users can either , , , or (push button). TOOLBOX:(Image Patching) only allow users to do but allow users to select different shapes for the selected area. C.2 Current Limitation Some limitation for TOOLBOX:(Image Patching) may restrict its use. Please read the file Newinfo.txt. C.3 function is also available through [Edit-Menu]. D. Notes on TOOLBOX:(RECTANGLE) and [Edit Menu]-[Trim Image] Trim image is an alternate implementation of in TOOLBOX:(RECTANGLE). However, its using keyboard to defined the selected rectangle. E. Current Limitation Please read the file Newinfo.txt. 4. USE OF TOOLBOX:(Image Patching) 4.1 A Typical scenarios and steps of using TOOLBOX:(Image Patching) a.) Support we want to change text on HUBBLE.BMP from "version 1.08" to "version 2.20" b.) Open HUBBLE.BMP, adjust display window to portion the image, e.g. maximize the window. c.) Click on TOOLBOX:(Image Patching) icon. d.) Click on on the status line. e.) Draw a rectangle on the right of "version 1.08" to select an area. f.) Click on on the status line to adjust the selected rectangle. g.) Click on on the status line to move the selected area to the left until it cover text "1.08" as follow: g.1) Move mouse cursor over the selected area. (mouse cursor will change to hand shape cursor. g.2) Drag mouse to the left (move mouse while left button is down) until the selected area cover text "1.08". g.3) Click on on the status line. Now, text "1.08" will be replaced with background image. h.) Click on on the status line to exit TOOLBOX:(Image Patching). i.) Click on TOOLBOX:TEXT icon. j.) Enter "2.20" at the location which previously display text "1.08". k.) Click on on the status line to show image background. l.) Click on on the status line to adjust the location and size of the text entered. m.) Push [RETURN] after finish adjust text entered in l.) n.) Click on on the status line. o.) Click on on the status line to exit TOOLBOX:TEXT. 4.2 5. USE OF TOOLBOX:(PENCIL) and TOOLBOX:(DRAWING) A. Basic Differences (Brush Style and Line Style) TOOLBOX:(PENCIL) is a pixel editing tools, while TOOLBOX:(DRAWING) is a line drawing tools. Hence, shape and size of pixel using TOOLBOX:(PENCIL) are controlled by brush style (from Option menu), and shape and size of drawing using TOOLBOX:(DRAWING) are controlled by line style (also from Option menu). B. Logical Unit of Operation. A geometric drawing is considered a unit of operation. For freehand drawing (either from TOOLBOX:(PENCIL) or TOOLBOX:(DRAWING)), all drawing entered from initial drawing until users push the [RETURN] key are considered a logical unit. Users can modify a drawing unit by clicking on the button, then drag mouse on the image to move or resize the drawings. For freehand drawing, users can modify the pixel boundary after a group is formed by pushing the [SPACE BAR], and push [RETURN] to complete the operation. 6. CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING 6.0 Users can convert an image without using -Dithering- technique. If dithering is disabled, operation speed will be much faster. 6.1 Display Update To get updated display on source or target image on "Custom Conversion" dialog box, click on the respective image display areas. 6.2 A Typical steps of using Custom Color Conversion a.) Open an image file from File Menu. b.) Select Custom Color Conversion and Dithering from Transform Menu. c.) Select dithering technique such as "Error Diffusion" from the "Dithering Method" listbox. (Other dithering techniques may have more restriction on palette which can be selected). d.) Select "Color" from Target Quality and choose number of color such as 256 or 16 colors. e.) Click on "Build Palette >>" to make palette selection. f.) Click on "Disable Dithering" check box to match the target image with source image without using dithering technique. (This step is advised to be done last and is recommended if the target image is to be used for further editing such as area fill operation) g.) Click on "TEST" or "OK" button. ***6.3 Scenarios where Custom Color Conversion and Dithering can be used a.) When users want to merge two images or stitch one image over another but can not be done because the two image are not compatible either because they have different number of color or using different set of color palette. e.g. imageA has 256-colors and imageB is a true-color image. imageA = IBM$4A.BMP, imageB=IBM$4B.BMP a1.) open imageA a2.) Paste the image (imageA) to clipboard. (to make palette of imageA available through clipboard) a3.) Open imageB. a4.) Select Custom Color Conversion and Dithering from Transform Menu. a5.) Select dithering technique such as "Error Diffusion" from the "Dithering Method" listbox. (Other dithering techniques may have more restriction on palette which can be selected). a6.) Select "Color" from Target Quality and choose 256-color. a7.) Click on "Build Palette >>" to make palette selection. a8.) Select "Clipboard Palette" the click on "OK". a9.) Click on "Disable Dithering" check box to match the target image with source image without using dithering technique. (This step is advised to be done last and is recommended if the target image is to be used for further editing such as area fill operation) a10.) Click on "OK" button. ==> the resulting image can be used to merge or stitch with imageA. 6.4 NOTES a.) Sometime it's better disabled dithering Technique for some kind of subsequent processing. b.) At the build palette menu, there is a checkbox to limit palette selection. c.) If after the palette is built, button may still be disabled, this is because the selected dithering method is not compatible with current selected palette. Choose other dithering method from the listbox or change to other set of palette. (users may also have to uncheck the "Disable Dithering" checkbox to enable the dithering method listbox) (** A somewhat intertwined selections to make everything compatible **) 7. GRAYSCALE/COLOR CONVERSION, -VS- CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING 7.1 GRAYSCALE CONVERSION Are used to change image to color format with higher number of grayscale levels and/or convert color image to grayscale image by averaging intensity of all color components using a pre-specified formular. 7.2 GRAYSCALE/COLOR CONVERSION Are used to change image to color format with higher number of colors. 7.3 CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING Are used to convert the color format of an image to a different/new set of color palette with the same or reduced number of colors. Without dithering, the conversion is carried out using nearest color matching method. With dithering, a wide range of methods are available (depending on users preferences and suitability to specific needs) to approximate the original image and give users the illusion that the image has more colors than those available from the color palette used. 8. HOW MAKE IMAGE COMPATIBLE 8.1 If the image is from clipboard, paste the image from clipboard. 8.2 suppose IMAGEa is the image with desired palette, and we want to convert IMAGEb to be compatible (for merging and stitching) with IMAGEa. 8.3 Copy IMAGEa to clipboard to make the palette available. 8.4 Use GRAYSCALE/COLOR CONVERSION (usually COLOR CONVERSION) to convert IMAGEb to have the same (or even higher) number of colors than IMAGEa. 8.5 Use CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING and using the palette from clipboard (copied from step 6.3). 8.6 Disable dithering. 8.7 Complete the CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING process. 8.8 Also see --> (4). GRAYSCALE/COLOR CONVERSION, -VS- CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING (5). CUSTOM COLOR CONVERSION AND DITHERING 9. Stitch Image From Clipboard If the clipboard image is not compatible to the base image (current image which users want to have clipboard image stitch on). 9.1 Convert clipboard image to become compatible Users should "Paste Image (Edit menu)" to a window first, then "Copy base image to clipboard" (To make base image's palette available). Next, users should use "CUSTOM CONVERSION and DITHERING" to convert make the newly pasted image by using palette from clipboard as its new palette. The method is explained in TUTORIAL.TXT, HUBBLE.DOC, and HUBBLE online help. 9.2 Convert base image to become compatible with clipboard image Users should "Paste Image (Edit menu)" to a window first, then use "CUSTOM CONVERSION and DITHERING" to convert base image to have palette compatible with the clipboard image. Users then use this newly converted image as the base image to "Stitch Image From Clipboard". See TUTORIAL.TXT, HUBBLE.DOC, and HUBBLE online help on "CUSTOM CONVERSION and DITHERING" . 10. HOW TO USE THE PROGRAM A. Help will always be available by pressing the F1 key. ********* B. If your scanner manufacturer do not supply TWAIN compatible driver, you can use your scanner software to acquire image, save it in BMP, PCX, or TIFF formats. Then use HUBBLE for further processing. C. Use key to delete current item of drawing, area fill, modification, etc. in TOOLBOX. ENERAL NOTES By default, A window will be displayed, and may be used as a place for performing various house-keeping chores and for setting up global variables, etc.