page 1 CONTENTS Chapter 1: Getting Started Welcome! 1-1 Summary of Disks 1-1 Running FREE & EASY from a Hard Disk 1-2 Running FREE & EASY from Two Floppy Drives 1-3 Running FREE & EASY from One Floppy Drive 1-3 FREE & EASY Helps and Prompts 1-3 A View of FREE & EASY 1-3 Learning FREE & EASY 1-4 Bypassing Opening Screen 1-4 Chapter 2: Introduction What is FREE & EASY ? 2-1 The FREE & EASY Screen 2-1 Moving Around the Sheet 2-2 Menus 2-2 Entering Data 2-3 Cells 2-4 Variables 2-4 Evaluation of Cells 2-5 Helps 2-6 Using Files 2-7 Exiting FREE & EASY 2-7 Chapter 3: Cells, Variables and Functions How Calculations are Done 3-1 Adding and Removing Cell(s) to the Sheet 3-2 Cell Contents 3-2 Variables 3-4 Cell Name 3-5 Format 3-5 Default Cell 3-6 Table of Cells 3-6 Table of Data 3-7 Sheet Locations in Cell Contents 3-7 Removing All Cells 3-8 Formatting a Highlighted Area 3-8 Chapter 4: Editing Edit Defaults 4-1 Highlighting 4-1 The Clipboard 4-1 Delete 4-2 Copying to the Clipboard 4-2 Cutting to the Clipboard 4-2 Copying from the Clipboard 4-3 page 2 Clearing the Clipboard 4-3 Clearing All Text 4-4 Clearing All Text, Cells and Ranges 4-4 Inserting or Deleting Rows or Columns 4-4 Cursor Control Keys 4-5 Find 4-6 Find Next 4-7 Replace 4-7 Chapter 5: Files FREE & EASY Files 5-1 Memory Management 5-1 Adding (Starting) New Sheets 5-1 Moving Around a Sheet and From Sheet to Sheet 5-2 Disk Errors 5-3 Saving Sheets (Files) 5-3 Save As 5-3 Save as Text File 5-4 Save as Make File 5-4 Saving All Sheets Loaded 5-5 Managing Files 5-6 Loading a File (Sheet) from Disk 5-6 Loading a File (Sheet) as a Text File 5-7 Loading a Make File 5-7 Unloading Sheets 5-8 Deleting Files from the Disk 5-8 Directory 5-8 Default File 5-9 Unloading a Make File 5-9 Unloading All Files Loaded 5-9 Renaming and Resizing Sheets (Files) 5-9 Printing a Sheet 5-10 Printer Defaults 5-11 DOS Shell 5-11 Chapter 6: Evaluation of Cells When is a Cell Evaluated ? 6-1 Elementary Cell Evaluation 6-1 Evaluation Order of Cells 6-2 Referencing Other Cells by Location 6-3 Referencing Values in the Sheet by Location 6-3 Refer a Cell Value by Name or a Variable by Name 6-3 Redefining Variables 6-4 Referring to Variable Name or Sheet Location ? 6-4 Referring to a Cell Value by Cell Name or Location 6-5 Functions 6-5 Mathematical Functions 6-5 Range Functions 6-6 Financial Functions 6-7 Methods to Evaluate Cells 6-7 Evaluation Errors 6-8 Calculation Order of Sheets 6-9 page 3 Evaluation Defaults 6-9 Ranges 6-10 Adding Ranges 6-11 Range Address in Cell Contents 6-11 Contents of a Range (What Can be in a Range ?) 6-11 The Range Menu 6-12 Deleting Ranges 6-12 Resizing and Moving Ranges 6-12 Renaming Ranges 6-12 Showing Ranges on the Sheet 6-13 Chapter 7: Using Multiple Windows Why Use Multiple Windows 7-1 Changing a Window Size 7-1 Moving a Window 7-2 Opening a New Window 7-2 Closing a Window 7-2 Maximizing or Minimizing a Window's Size 7-2 Short Cuts to Opening 1, 2, 3 or 4 Windows 7-3 Chapter 8: Tips on Using FREE & EASY Tips on Sheet Setup 8-1 Tips on Editing 8-2 Tips on Cell Evaluation 8-2 Tips on Ranges 8-3 Tips on File Management 8-4 Tips on Using Multiple Windows 8-4 Appendix A: Functions Math Functions A-1 ABS (absolute value) A-1 ACS (arc cosine) A-2 ASN (arc sine) A-2 ATN (arc tangent) A-2 COS (cosine) A-2 CSH (hyperbolic cosine) A-3 EXP (natural exponential) A-3 LNN (natural logarithm) A-3 LOG (common logarithm) A-3 SIN (sine) A-4 SNH (hyperbolic sine) A-4 SQR (square root) A-4 TAN (tangent) A-4 TNH (hyperbolic tangent) A-5 Range Functions A-5 AVR (average) A-5 CNT (count) A-5 MAX (maximum value) A-6 MIN (minimum value) A-6 page 4 STD (standard deviation) A-6 SUM (sum) A-6 VAR (variance) A-6 Financial Functions A-6 DDB (Double Declining Balance Depreciation) A-7 FVA (future value) A-7 MTG (mortgage) A-7 PVA (present value) A-7 SLN (Straight Line Depreciation) A-8 SYD (Sum of the Years Digits Depreciation) A-8 TDP (Term Deposit) A-8 Appendix B: Error Messages Syntax Errors B-1 . By Itself B-1 Brackets do not Balance B-1 Cell Contents too Big B-2 Cell Location Corruption B-2 Function End B-2 Function Start B-3 Invalid Number B-3 Invalid Range Address B-3 No Room for Cell Address B-3 Not a valid function B-4 Nothing Inputed B-4 Number Too Long B-4 Number Too Large or Too Small B-4 Range Name Too Long B-4 Two Operators in a Row B-5 Variable Name Too Long B-5 Wrong Number of Commas B-5 Wrong Range Character B-5 Wrong Starting Character B-5 Evaluation Errors B-5 Cannot Find Variable B-6 Division by Zero B-6 Domain Error B-6 Evaluation Cancelled B-6 File Not Loaded B-6 File Out of Order B-6 Invalid Number in Range B-7 Loss of Accuracy B-7 No Cell at Address B-7 No Numbers in Range B-7 No Range B-8 Out of Evaluation Order B-8 Overflow at Function B-8 Overflow at Operator B-8 Overflow at Range B-8 Range Address off Sheet B-9 Range Has One Value B-9 Reference to Location off Sheet B-9 page 5 Too Complicated B-9 Variable Defined with Invalid Number B-9 File, Windows and Printer Errors B-10 Cannot Find COMMAND.COM B-10 Cannot Find EXE File B-10 Cannot Find FREE0.HLP or FREE1.HLP B-10 Cannot Open File B-10 Cannot Save File B-10 Drive is not Ready B-11 File by this Name is Already Loaded B-11 File Name Does Not Conform to DOS Rules B-11 Maximum Number of Files is Already Open B-11 Maximum Number of Windows is Already Open B-11 Not Enough Room on Screen to Open Window B-11 Not FRE File B-11 Printer is not Responding B-12 The Help File(s) Have Become Corrupted B-12 The UNTITLED file will not be Saved B-12 Editing Errors B-12 Clipboard is Empty B-12 No Search Expression Found B-12 No Search Expression Inputed B-13 No Text Highlighted. B-13 Text Cannot Fit B-13 Cell Errors B-13 No Cell Present at this Location B-13 The Cell Overlaps Another Cell B-13 The Cells will be Off the Sheet B-13 The Cell Contents are too Big, Cannot Add More B-13 The Maximum Number of Cells will be Exceeded B-14 There are No More Cells B-14 There is not Enough Room Left to add Cell Address B-14 Miscellaneous Errors B-14 No More Helps B-14 Out of RAM Memory B-14 Overflow When Making a Table of Values B-14 The Range Name Entered is Already Used B-15 There Must Be a Range Name Entered B-15 Appendix C: Warnings Are You Sure You Want to Quit C-1 Cell on this Sheet Out of Evaluation Order C-1 Cell Referred to is Out of Evaluation Order C-1 Data Will Be Lost C-2 Data Will Be Lost at the Bottom of the Sheet C-2 Data Will Be Lost at the Right of the Sheet C-2 Data Will Be Lost on Replacing Expression C-2 Delete all Cells in this File C-2 Delete all Text in this File C-3 Delete all Text, Cells and Ranges in this File C-3 page 6 Delete all Ranges in this File C-3 Disk Drive Not Ready C-3 Disk Not Formatted for DOS C-3 Error With Disk C-3 No Cell or Valid Number at this Location C-3 Overwrite Existing File C-4 Write Protected Disk C-4 Index