Shape of the earth
Isaiah 40:21
 21  Have ye not known? have ye not heard? hath it not been told you
from the beginning? have ye not understood from the foundations of
the earth?
 22  [It is] he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the
inhabitants thereof [are] as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the
heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in:

                     Earth in space
Job 26:7 
 7  He stretcheth out the north over the empty place, [and] hangeth
the earth upon nothing.

Here is some more from the Scriptures.

Hydrology       Hydrologic Cycle        Eccl 1:7
                                        Isaiah 55:10
                Evaporation             Psalm 135:7
                                        Jeremiah 10:13
                Condensation Nuclei     Proverbs 8:26
                Condensation            Job 26:8; 37:11,16
                Precipitation           Job 36:27,28
                Run-off                 Job 28:10
                Oceanic Reservoir       Psalm 33:7
                Snow                    Job 38:22 Psalm 147:16
                Hydrologic Balance      Isaiah 40:12
                                        Job 28:24-26

Geology         Principle of Isotasy    Isaiah 40:12
                                        Psalm 104:5-9
                Shape of Earth          Isaiah 40:22
                                        Psalm 103:12
                Rotation of Earth       Job 38:12,14
                Gravitation             Job 26:7  38:6
                Rock Erosion            Job 14:18,19
                Glacial Period          Job 38:29,30
                Uniformitarianism       2 Peter 3:4

Astronomy       Size of Universe        Isaiah 55:9  Job 22:12
                                        Jeremiah 31:37
                Number of Stars         Jeremiah 33:22
                                        Genesis 22:17
                Variety of Stars        1 Corinthians 15:41
                Precision of Orbits     Jeremiah 31:35:36

Meterology      Circulation of Atmosphere  Ecclesiastes 1:6
                Protective Effect of       Isaiah 40:22
                   Atmosphere
                Oceanic Origion of rain    Ecclesiastes 1:7
                Relation of Electricity    Jeremiah 10:13
                   to Rain

Biology         Blood Circulation          Leviticus 17:11
                Psychotherapy              Proverbs 16:24;  17:22
                Biogenesis and stability   Genesis 1:11,21,25
                Uniqueness of Man          Genesis 1:26
                Chemical Nature of Flesh   Genesis 1:11,24-27; 3:19
                                           1 Peter 1:24,25

Physics         Mass-Energy Equivalence    Hebrews 1:3
                                           Colossians 1:17
                Source of Energy for       Genesis 1:14,17
                   Earth                   Psalm 19:6
                Atomic Disintegration      2 Peter 3:10
                Radio Waves                Job 38:35