Document 0137
 DOCN  M9470137
 TI    Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in patients infected with HIV.
 DT    9409
 AU    Favier A; Sappey C; Leclerc P; Faure P; Micoud M; GREPO: Groupe de
       Recherches sur les Pathologies Oxydatives,; Faculte de Pharmacie,
       Universite de Grenoble, La Tronche,; France.
 SO    Chem Biol Interact. 1994 Jun;91(2-3):165-80. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/94251843
 AB    Deficiency in antioxidant micronutrients have been observed in patients
       with AIDS. These observations concerning only some isolated nutrients
       demonstrate a defect in zinc, selenium, and glutathione. An increase in
       free radical production and lipid peroxidation has been also found in
       these patients, and takes a great importance with recent papers
       presenting an immunodeficiency and more important an increase in HIV-1
       replication secondary to free radicals overproduction. We have assessed
       different studies, trying to obtain a global view of the antioxidant
       status of these patients. In adults we observe a progressive decrease
       for zinc, selenium, and vitamin E with the severity of disease, except
       that selenium remains normal at stage II. However, the main dramatic
       decrease concerns carotenoids whose level at stage II is only half the
       normal value. To understand if these decreases in antioxidant and
       increases in oxidative stress occur secondary to the aggravation of the
       disease or, conversely, are responsible for it, we undertook a
       longitudinal survey of asymptotic patients. The preliminary results of
       this evaluation are presented. Paradoxically, lipid peroxidation is
       higher at stage II than at stage IV. This may be consecutive to a more
       intense overproduction of oxygen free radicals by more viable
       polymorphonuclear (PMN) at the asymptomatic stage. The free radicals
       production and lipid peroxidation seem secondary to a direct induction
       by the virus of PMN stimulation and cytokines secretion. N-Acetyl
       cysteine or ascorbate have been demonstrated in cell culture to be
       capable of blocking the expression of HIV-1 after oxidative stress and
       N-acetyl cysteine inhibits in vitro TNF-induced apoptosis of infected
       cells. In regard to all these experimental data, few serious and large
       trials of antioxidants have been conducted in HIV-infected patients,
       although some preliminary studies using zinc or selenium have been
       performed. In our opinion it is now time to evaluate in humans the
       beneficial effect of antioxidants. The more promising candidates for
       presenting synergistic effects when associated with N-acetyl cysteine
       seem to be beta-carotene, selenium and zinc.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/DRUG THERAPY/*METABOLISM  Adult
       Analysis of Variance  Antioxidants/*METABOLISM  Female  Free Radicals
       Human  HIV Infections/DRUG THERAPY/*METABOLISM  *Lipid Peroxidation
       Male  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

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