Document 0382
 DOCN  M9490382
 TI    N-acetylaspartate reductions measured by 1H MRSI in cognitively impaired
       HIV-seropositive individuals.
 DT    9411
 AU    Meyerhoff DJ; MacKay S; Poole N; Dillon WP; Weiner MW; Fein G; Magnetic
       Resonance Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, San
       Francisco, CA.
 SO    Magn Reson Imaging. 1994;12(4):653-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94335544
 AB    We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and water-suppressed proton MR
       spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) to study the effects of human
       immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the brain. Our recent in vivo
       finding of lower N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a putative marker of neurons,
       in the supraventricular brain of cognitively impaired HIV-seropositive
       patients (CISP) compared to noninfected controls was replicated in a new
       cohort of 13 CISP patients and extended to include 10 high-risk
       homosexual HIV-seronegative controls. Throughout the supraventricular
       brain the ratio of NAA to choline-containing metabolites (NAA/Cho) was
       lower in CISP subjects than in high-risk controls (1.98 +/- 0.36 vs.
       2.35 +/- 0.29, p = 0.016), and the ratio of NAA to creatine-containing
       metabolites (NAA/Cr) was also lower in CISP subjects than in high-risk
       controls (3.02 +/- 0.44 vs. 3.56 +/- 0.39, p = 0.007) with Cho/Cr
       unchanged in both groups. These findings indicate a NAA reduction which
       suggests neuron loss and/or dendritic and axonal damage. Homosexual
       high-risk HIV-seronegative controls had metabolite measures similar to
       previously studied heterosexual HIV-seronegative controls. NAA measures
       in six cognitively normal HIV-seropositive subjects (CNSP) (NAA/Cho =
       2.34 +/- 0.39, NAA/Cr = 3.42 +/- 0.69) were similar to those of controls
       and tended to be increased relative to those in cognitively impaired
       HIV-seropositive subjects. This study demonstrates that reduced NAA in
       the supraventricular brain is associated with the development of severe
       cognitive impairments secondary to HIV infection and that 1H MRSI
       methodology reliably detects HIV effects on the brain.(ABSTRACT
       TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 DE    Adult  Aspartic Acid/*ANALOGS & DERIVATIVES/METABOLISM  Brain/PATHOLOGY
       *Brain Chemistry  Cognition Disorders/ETIOLOGY/*METABOLISM/PATHOLOGY
       Homosexuality  Human  HIV Seronegativity  HIV
       Seropositivity/COMPLICATIONS/*METABOLISM/PATHOLOGY  Magnetic Resonance
       Imaging  Male  *Nuclear Magnetic Resonance  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

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