Document 0212
 DOCN  M94A0212
 TI    Characterization of a kissing hairpin complex derived from the human
       immunodeficiency virus genome.
 DT    9412
 AU    Chang KY; Tinoco I Jr; Department of Chemistry, University of
       California, Berkeley; 94720.
 SO    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 30;91(18):8705-9. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/94360000
 AB    Base-pair formation between two hairpin loops--a kissing complex--is an
       RNA-folding motif that links two elements of RNA secondary structure. It
       is also a unique protein recognition site involved in regulation of
       ColE1 plasmid DNA replication. The trans-activation response element
       (TAR), a hairpin and bulge at the 5' end of the untranslated leader
       region of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 mRNA, enhances the
       transcription of the virus and is necessary for viral replication. Gel
       electrophoresis and absorbance melting curves indicate that a
       synthesized RNA hairpin (Tar*-16) with a loop sequence complementary to
       the TAR loop sequence (CUGGGA) associates specifically with a
       16-nucleotide TAR hairpin (Tar-16) to form a stable complex. RNase T1
       probing indicates that the three guanines in the Tar-16 loop become
       inaccessible in the complex. NMR imino proton spectra reveal that 5 base
       pairs are formed between the two hairpin loops (Tar-16 and Tar*-16);
       only the adenine at the 3' terminus of the TAR loop does not form a base
       pair with the 5'-terminal uracil of the complementary loop. A
       14-nucleotide hairpin [CCUA(UCCCAG)UAGG] with a loop sequence
       complementary to the TAR loop is conserved within the gag gene of human
       immunodeficiency virus 1. A synthesized RNA hairpin corresponding to
       this conserved sequence also binds to the Tar-16 hairpin with high
       affinity. It is possible that the same RNA loop-loop interaction occurs
       during the viral life cycle.
 DE    Base Sequence  Hydrogen Bonding  HIV-1/*ULTRASTRUCTURE  Molecular
       Sequence Data  Nuclear Magnetic Resonance  Nucleic Acid Conformation
       Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid  RNA, Viral/*ULTRASTRUCTURE  Support,
       U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).