Document 2218
 DOCN  M94A2218
 TI    HIV prevention does work to reduce new infections.
 DT    9412
 AU    Choi KH; Coates TJ; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS),
       University of; California, San Francisco 94105.
 SO    Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):354 (abstract no. PD0022). Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94370357
 AB    OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent to which behavioral intervention
       research has demonstrated the efficacy of methods for reducing HIV risk
       behaviors. METHODS: We reviewed a total of 75 published abstracts,
       journal articles, and other reports which formally evaluated
       intervention programs aimed at changing HIV risk behavior. RESULTS:
       Controlled studies to modify risk behaviors of gay and bisexual men have
       demonstrated that small group, as well as community interventions, can
       produce short-term behavior change and that brief skills training can
       maintain behavior change. While the controlled clinical trials of
       individual and group counseling offered to drug users have shown mixed
       results, the observational studies of drug treatment and community-based
       interventions have reported a moderate to large effect size for
       reductions in HIV seroconversion and HIV risk among drug users.
       Surprisingly, we found few evaluations of interventions targeting
       commercial sex workers and STD clinic patients. Most HIV prevention
       efforts for young adults (age 18-25) have been focused on college
       students; there are no programs that have demonstrated behavioral change
       in this population. Intensive sex education delayed the onset of
       intercourse among high school students at least for one year but had no
       impact on long-term behavior change among sexually active adolescents.
       Adult heterosexuals have received AIDS education mostly from mass media
       campaigns directed at the general public. Repeated HIV counseling and
       testing was associated with reductions in HIV transmission among
       heterosexual couples with discordant HIV status. CONCLUSIONS: We found
       empirical data to support that HIV prevention strategies can reduce risk
       behavior in a short term, change behavior in a long run, and reduce new
       HIV infections. More interventions are needed for women, young gay men,
       gay men of color, commercial sex workers, out of school youth and young
       adults, STD patients, the military, and the incarcerated. New and more
       effective behavior change strategies need to be developed quickly,
       evaluated carefully, and disseminated rapidly to the field to slow the
       HIV epidemic.
 DE    Adolescence  Adult  Health Behavior  *Health Education  Human  HIV
       Infections/*PREVENTION & CONTROL  Male  Risk Factors  Sex Behavior
       MEETING ABSTRACT

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).