Document 2324
 DOCN  M94A2324
 TI    Probability of male-to-female HIV transmission among married couples in
       Chiang Mai, Thailand.
 DT    9412
 AU    Duerr A; Xia Z; Nagachinta T; Tovanabutra S; Tansuhaj A; Nelson K;
       Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta.
 SO    Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):33 (abstract no. 105C). Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94370251
 AB    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamics of heterosexual HIV transmission
       after repeated exposure to a single HIV+ partner in northern Thailand.
       METHODS: HIV-positive (HIV+) male blood donors and their regular female
       sex partners were interviewed separately about sexual practice (type &
       frequency of intercourse), contraceptive use and sexually transmitted
       disease (STD). Assessment included physical examination, STD cultures &
       serologies, HIV (ELISA, WB & subtyping), and CD4 count. Women with HIV
       risk factors other than sexual exposure to an index male were excluded.
       RESULTS: Between 3/92 and 11/93 250 HIV+ men and their wives (or regular
       girlfriends) were enrolled. 108 (43%) women were HIV+. In a subsample of
       34 newly-married couples, the total number of at-risk sex acts could be
       calculated as it was determined that the male was HIV+ prior to sexual
       contact with the wife. 9/34 (26%) women were HIV+; the probability of
       HIV transmission was 1.6 [0.6-2.6] per 1000 sexual contacts (vaginal).
       All HIV isolates were subtype (clade) E. Transmission was more likely
       when the wife gave a history of an STD (OR = 19.2, p = .01) or the CD4
       count of the male was < 200 (OR = 4.5, p = .14). Very little condom use
       was reported; no effect of anal intercourse, sex during menstruation,
       +STD culture or oral contraceptive use was seen. CONCLUSION: The
       probability of heterosexual HIV (subtype E) transmission in Thai
       couples, while much lower than recent estimates of transmission from
       Thai prostitutes, does not differ significantly from that seen among
       European and American couples. Models of the effect of repeated sexual
       exposure will be presented.
 DE    Adult  *Blood Donors  Contraceptive Devices/UTILIZATION  Female  Human
       HIV Seropositivity/PSYCHOLOGY/*TRANSMISSION  Male  Risk Factors  Sex
       Behavior  *Sexual Partners  Sexually Transmitted Diseases/COMPLICATIONS
       Thailand  MEETING ABSTRACT

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).