Document 0823
 DOCN  M9550823
 TI    Adherence of human immunodeficiency virus-infected lymphocytes to fetal
       placental cells: a model of maternal --> fetal transmission.
 DT    9505
 AU    Schwartz DH; Sharma UK; Perlman EJ; Blakemore K; Department of Molecular
       Microbiology and Immunology, Johns; Hopkins University School of Hygiene
       and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
 SO    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Feb 14;92(4):978-82. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/95166815
 AB    The precise timing and mechanism of in utero human immunodeficiency
       virus (HIV) infection are unknown, but transplacental transmission is
       likely. Term placentas from HIV+ pregnancies contain only rare
       HIV-infected cells whose origins and phenotypes remain controversial,
       and no correlation has been found between the presence of HIV in term
       placentas and transmission to offspring. Reports of trophoblast
       infectibility have not been reproducible and do not address the question
       of infection in the placental stroma, the cells in direct contact with
       fetal circulation. We report that primary cultures of fetal placental
       chorionic villus stromal cells, while not infectable in vitro, do
       support lethally irradiated HIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear
       cells (PBMCs) in a form that permits rescue of HIV by activated PBMCs
       weeks later. Infected PBMCs adhere and become intimately associated with
       placental cells by a mechanism that is LFA-1 and CD4 independent but can
       be blocked by antibodies or soluble CD4 binding to cell
       surface-expressed HIV envelope. The ability to sustain infected
       irradiated cells was not shared by several trophoblast, fibroblast, or
       epithelial cell lines. This model has several features that are
       compatible with in utero transmission and allow testing of various
       agents proposed as interventions to block maternal-->fetal transmission.
       Placental stromal cells appear to inhibit apoptosis of HIV-infected,
       irradiated lymphocytes.
 DE    Antibodies, Monoclonal/IMMUNOLOGY/PHARMACOLOGY  Antigens, CD3/IMMUNOLOGY
       Antigens, CD4/IMMUNOLOGY  *Cell Adhesion  Cells, Cultured
       Complement/PHARMACOLOGY  *Disease Transmission, Vertical  Hela Cells
       Human  HIV Infections/*TRANSMISSION  HIV-1/*ISOLATION & PURIF
       Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1/IMMUNOLOGY
       Lymphocytes/*CYTOLOGY/VIROLOGY  Phenotype  Phytohemagglutinins
       Placenta/*CYTOLOGY/DRUG EFFECTS/EMBRYOLOGY  Proviruses/ISOLATION & PURIF
       Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       Zidovudine/PHARMACOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).