Document 0089
 DOCN  M9580089
 TI    Effects of stress on immune cell distribution. Dynamics and hormonal
       mechanisms.
 DT    9506
 AU    Dhabhar FS; Miller AH; McEwen BS; Spencer RL; Laboratory of
       Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New; York, NY 10021, USA.
 SO    J Immunol. 1995 May 15;154(10):5511-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95248119
 AB    Immune cell trafficking is crucial to the performance of the
       surveillance as well as effector functions of the immune system. Because
       immune cells travel between tissues through the bloodstream, the numbers
       and proportions of leukocytes in the circulation provide an important
       representation of the state of leukocyte distribution in the body. The
       studies described here examine significant and selective changes in
       numbers and percentages of peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations in
       the rat. These changes were rapidly induced under conditions of mild
       acute stress. Stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone were
       accompanied by a significant decrease in numbers and percentages of
       lymphocytes, and by an increase in numbers and percentages of
       neutrophils. flow cytometric analysis revealed that B cell, NK cell, and
       monocyte numbers showed a greater stress-induced decrease than did T
       cells. All stress-induced changes were observed during the light
       (inactive) as well as the dark (active) period of the animal's diurnal
       cycle. Importantly, the stress-induced changes in leukocyte numbers and
       percentages were rapidly reversed upon the cessation of stress.
       Furthermore, the effects of stress were largely dependent on adrenal
       hormones, because the magnitude of the stress-induced changes was
       significantly reduced in adrenalectomized animals. Moreover,
       administration of corticosterone to adrenalectomized animals resulted in
       a close replication of stress-induced changes observed in adrenal-intact
       animals. These results suggest that endocrine factors released during
       stress modulate leukocyte trafficking and result in the redistribution
       of leukocytes between the blood and other immune compartments. Such a
       redistribution may significantly affect the ability of the immune system
       to respond to potential or ongoing immune challenge.
 DE    Adrenal Glands/PHYSIOLOGY  Adrenalectomy  Animal  Cell
       Movement/IMMUNOLOGY  Circadian Rhythm/IMMUNOLOGY
       Corticosterone/BLOOD/*PHYSIOLOGY  CD4-CD8 Ratio  Lactate
       Dehydrogenase/BLOOD  Leukocytes/*PHYSIOLOGY  Lymphocyte
       Subsets/IMMUNOLOGY  Male  Radioimmunoassay  Rats  Rats, Sprague-Dawley
       Stress/*IMMUNOLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).