Document 0497
 DOCN  M9590497
 TI    Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in the cell fraction of saliva before
       and after oral surgery.
 DT    9509
 AU    Chen M; Yun ZB; Sallberg M; Schvarcz R; Bergquist I; Berglund HB;
       Sonnerborg A; Division of Clinical Virology, Karolinska Institute,
       Huddinge; Hospital, Sweden.
 SO    J Med Virol. 1995 Feb;45(2):223-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95294544
 AB    The presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in serum, whole saliva, and
       saliva from the submaxillary glands was investigated before and after
       oral surgery. The presence of HCV RNA (positive and negative-strand RNA)
       was determined in serum and saliva by a nested polymerase chain reaction
       in 26 anti-HCV positive patients, of whom 11 were coinfected with human
       immunodeficiency virus-1. Oral surgery was carried out on five occasions
       on four of the patients. HCV RNA was detected in the sera of 23 of 26
       (88%) patients, and in the saliva of 4 of the 23 (17%) of the viremic
       patients. In all four cases, HCV RNA was detected only in the cell
       fraction derived from centrifugation of whole saliva. Negative-stranded
       HCV RNA was not detected. At one of five occasions of oral surgery, HCV
       RNA was detected in saliva sampled immediately after surgery, but not
       before or 24 hours after surgery. The results suggest that HCV is
       present in saliva in less than 25% of HCV viremic persons. The presence
       of the virus in saliva is restricted to the cell fraction. Thus, saliva
       may serve as a possible, but low, nonparenteral transmission route of
       HCV. Contamination of saliva by blood during and after oral surgery may
       result in an increased risk of viral exposure. Except for trauma caused
       by sharp instruments during surgery, this might contribute to the higher
       HCV seropositivity found among dentists.
 DE    Dentists  Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional  Hepatitis
       C/COMPLICATIONS/TRANSMISSION/VIROLOGY  Hepatitis C
       Viruses/GENETICS/*ISOLATION & PURIF  Human  HIV Infections/COMPLICATIONS
       HIV-1  Polymerase Chain Reaction  RNA, Viral/BLOOD/GENETICS/*ISOLATION &
       PURIF  Saliva/CYTOLOGY/*VIROLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  *Surgery,
       Oral  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).