Document 0007
 DOCN  M95A0007
 TI    Risks of HIV infection in the health care setting.
 DT    9510
 AU    Fraser VJ; Powderly WG; Department of Medicine, Washington University
       School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
 SO    Annu Rev Med. 1995;46:203-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/95321671
 AB    Health care workers exposed to blood and body fluids have a low but
       measurable risk of occupational infection with human immunodeficiency
       virus (HIV). This risk is related to the prevalence of HIV among
       patients, the frequency of exposure to infected blood, and the method of
       exposure. The magnitude of risk is thus difficult to assess for any
       given situation, although the overall risk following percutaneous
       exposure is approximately 0.3%. Risk can be reduced by paying close
       attention to infection control procedures and by minimizing risky
       procedures. Exposure management should include preexposure education and
       immediate postexposure care and counseling. Chemoprophylaxis is widely
       used despite doubts as to its effectiveness, and much research is
       clearly needed to develop more effective prophylaxis. For patients, the
       risk of nosocomial acquisition of HIV remains extremely low and can be
       minimized by strict adherence to proper infection control procedures.
 DE    Cross Infection/PREVENTION & CONTROL/TRANSMISSION  *Disease
       Transmission, Patient-to-Professional  *Disease Transmission,
       Professional-to-Patient  Human  HIV Infections/PREVENTION &
       CONTROL/*TRANSMISSION  Needlestick Injuries/COMPLICATIONS/PREVENTION &
       CONTROL  Occupational Diseases/*ETIOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL  Risk
       Factors  Universal Precautions  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW,
       TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).