Document 0127
 DOCN  M95A0127
 TI    Evidence of serological cross-reactivities with human immunodeficiency
       virus types 1 and 2 and human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II in
       sera of pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria.
 DT    9510
 AU    Olaleye DO; Ekweozor CC; Sheng Z; Rasheed S; Laboratory of Viral
       Oncology and AIDS Research, University of; Southern California, School
       of Medicine, Los Angeles 90032-3626,; USA.
 SO    Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Feb;24(1):198-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95317899
 AB    BACKGROUND. Our previous studies have indicated that the human
       immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)
       groups of retroviruses are endemic among various populations in Nigeria.
       These viruses are antigenically distinct and antibodies to HIV and HTLV
       do not cross-react, so we studied the prevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I
       and HTLV-II antibodies in sera of pregnant women attending an antenatal
       clinic in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODS. In all, 364 sera were screened using
       three different enzyme immunoassays, including those that distinguished
       HIV-1 antibodies from HIV-2, and HTLV-I antibodies from HTLV-II. All
       repeatedly reactive sera were confirmed by Western blots and synthetic
       peptide assays for the respective viruses. RESULTS. Overall, 71 sera
       (19.5%) had antibodies to HIV, HTLV or both groups of retroviruses. Most
       (95.8%) of the reactive samples were from women 20-29 years old. Two of
       five sera from individuals < 20 years old reacted for HIV antibodies
       while one serum from a 40 year old woman was reactive for HTLV-I
       antibodies. Of the 71 reactive sera, 29 (8%) had antibodies to HIV
       (HIV-1 = 14, HIV-2 = 9, HIV-1/2 = 6) and 42 samples (11.5%) showed
       antibodies to HTLV (HTLV-I = 20, HTLV-II = 14, HTLV-I/II = 8). Seven of
       71 seropositive samples (9.8%) reacted for both HIV and HTLV antibodies
       in various combinations, including one serum that showed antibody
       reactivities to all four retroviruses (i.e. HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I and
       HTLV-II). CONCLUSIONS. The high prevalence of antibodies to subtypes of
       the two entirely distinct retrovirus groups in young women has important
       implications for defining epidemiological patterns of diseases
       associated with co-infections with two or more retroviruses.
 DE    Adolescence  Adult  Antibodies, Viral/*ANALYSIS  Blotting, Western
       Comparative Study  *Cross Reactions  Data Interpretation, Statistical
       Female  Human  HIV Seropositivity/*EPIDEMIOLOGY  HIV Seroprevalence
       HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY  HIV-2/*IMMUNOLOGY  HTLV-I/*IMMUNOLOGY  HTLV-I
       Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY  HTLV-II/*IMMUNOLOGY  HTLV-II
       Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY  Immunoenzyme Techniques  Nigeria/EPIDEMIOLOGY
       Pregnancy  *Pregnancy Complications, Infectious  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).