Document 0261
 DOCN  M95A0261
 TI    Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1, respiratory syncytial virus
       and echovirus type 11 by peroxidase-generated hypothiocyanite.
 DT    9510
 AU    Mikola H; Waris M; Tenovuo J; Department of Cariology, University of
       Turku, Finland.
 SO    Antiviral Res. 1995 Mar;26(2):161-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95328859
 AB    The human mouth is an important route of viral transmission and evidence
       exists that human saliva can neutralize some viruses, e.g. herpes
       simplex type 1 (HSV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro.
       However, little is known of the actual antiviral agents in saliva. We
       have analyzed how hypothiocyanite (HOSCN/-OSCN) ions, present in human
       saliva and generated by salivary peroxidase systems, affect the
       viability of three different types of viruses; HSV-1 (capable of
       inducing oral lesions), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, respiratory
       infections), and echovirus 11 (EV 11, enteric diseases). Viral
       suspensions were pretreated (30 min) with HOSCN/-OSCN concentrations up
       to 180 microM both at pH 6.0 and 7.1 and inoculated into human gingival
       fibroblasts. The cultures were incubated at 37 degrees C for 18-48 h,
       fixed and the infected cells were counted after immunoperoxidase
       staining. HSV-1 was most sensitive to HOSCN/-OSCN with an IC50 of 8.5
       microM at pH 6.0 and an IC50 of 20 microM at pH 7.1, respectively. RSV
       was inhibited by HOSCN/-OSCN only at pH 6.0 with an IC50 of 8.0 microM.
       EV 11 was also resistant at neutral pH, but sensitive at pH 6.0 with an
       IC50 of 68 microM. In contrast to HSV-1 and RSV, the inhibition of EV 11
       was not dependent on the concentration of HOSCN/-OSCN. The inhibition
       was in all cases stronger at pH 6.0 than at neutral pH. Our results
       suggest that hypothiocyanite, a normal component of human whole saliva,
       in physiological concentrations effectively inhibits HSV-1 and RSV at
       acidic pH, whereas EV 11 is more resistant in vitro.
 DE    Adult  Antiviral Agents/METABOLISM/*PHARMACOLOGY  Cells, Cultured
       Echoviruses/*DRUG EFFECTS  Female  Fibroblasts/CYTOLOGY
       Gingiva/CYTOLOGY  Herpesvirus 1, Human/*DRUG EFFECTS  Human
       Hydrogen-Ion Concentration  Immunoenzyme Techniques
       Peroxidase/METABOLISM  Respiratory Syncytial Viruses/*DRUG EFFECTS
       Saliva/ENZYMOLOGY/VIROLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Thiocyanates/METABOLISM/*PHARMACOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).