Document 0797
 DOCN  M95A0797
 TI    Skin-associated lymphoid tissue in human immunodeficiency virus-1, human
       papillomavirus, and herpes simplex virus infections.
 DT    9510
 AU    Memar OM; Arany I; Tyring SK; Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
       University of Texas; Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1019, USA.
 SO    J Invest Dermatol. 1995 Jul;105(1 Suppl):99S-104S. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/95341060
 AB    The skin-associated lymphoid tissue is composed of keratinocytes,
       Langerhans cells, skin trophic T cells, and lymphatic endothelial cells
       of the skin. The epidermis, which is involved in many viral infections,
       contains all of the components needed for an effective immune response:
       antigen-presenting Langerhans cells, T cells, and cytokines from
       leukocytes and keratinocytes. There have been some recent advances in
       the study of the cutaneous immunology involved in infections with the
       human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV), and
       herpes simplex virus (HSV). In general, viral diseases with cutaneous
       manifestations lead to a decline in epidermal Langerhans cell numbers,
       which probably reflects Langerhans cell emigration out of the epidermis
       and entry into regional lymph nodes, leading to Langerhans cell
       activation and antigen presentation to T cells. In HSV, there is a
       subsequent T-cell infiltration of the epidermis, composed of CD4+ cells
       that have both immune modulatory action and direct cytotoxic action. In
       HIV, where there is a systemic depletion of CD4+ cells, the epidermis is
       left with reduced numbers of T cells. Intradermal injection of
       interleukin-2, however, leads to an epidermal cellular infiltration in
       HIV+ individuals. In HPV-induced condyloma, intralesional interferon
       increases Langerhans cells and CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the skin, as well
       as transforming growth factor beta 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, pRB,
       and p53. Therefore, viral infections involving the epidermal immune
       system have certain similar characteristics, whereas other factors are
       unique to the infecting virus.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*PATHOLOGY  Herpes Simplex/*PATHOLOGY
       Human  HIV-1  Lymphoid Tissue/*PATHOLOGY  Papillomavirus, Human
       Papovaviridae Infections/*PATHOLOGY  Skin/*PATHOLOGY  Support, Non-U.S.
       Gov't  Tumor Virus Infections/*PATHOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW
       REVIEW, TUTORIAL

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