Document 0013
 DOCN  M95B0013
 TI    Vaccine strategies: targeting helper T cell responses.
 DT    9511
 AU    Golding B; Scott DE; Laboratory of Plasma Derivatives, United States
       Food and Drug; Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
 SO    Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995 May 31;754:126-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95351594
 AB    Vaccine strategies need to take into account the balance of T helper
       subsets they induce. TH1 cells, which secrete IFN gamma and IL-2, are
       associated with CMI, rather than humoral responses, and afford
       protection against intracellular infections including parasites. In
       contrast, TH2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10; elicit high-titer
       antibody responses and poor CMI; and are associated with susceptibility
       to infection with intracellular pathogens. Depending on the type of TH
       cell bias required, it is possible to manipulate the immune response to
       a protein or peptide by employing (1) different adjuvants, (2)
       conjugating the protein to various carriers, (3) immunizing in the
       presence of cytokines, (4) using alternative routes of administration,
       or (5) using different forms or doses of antigen. To apply these
       approaches to a particular vaccine, it is necessary to identify which
       component of the infectious agent (e.g., envelope protein or peptide) or
       allergen to target. Once the type of TH cell response that is protective
       is identified, it may be possible to combine a protein with an adjuvant
       or link it to a carrier that will promote responses towards the most
       advantageous TH subset.
 DE    Adjuvants, Immunologic  Animal  Antigens/IMMUNOLOGY
       Cytokines/IMMUNOLOGY  Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic  Drug
       Administration Routes  Human  Immunity, Cellular  T-Lymphocyte
       Subsets/*IMMUNOLOGY  Th1 Cells/*IMMUNOLOGY  Th2 Cells/*IMMUNOLOGY
       Vaccines/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/*IMMUNOLOGY  Vaccines,
       Conjugate/IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).