Document 0122
 DOCN  M9650122
 TI    Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seronegative injection drug
       users at risk for HIV exposure have antibodies to HLA class I antigens
       and T cells specific for HIV envelope.
 DT    9605
 AU    Beretta A; Weiss SH; Rappocciolo G; Mayur R; De Santis C; Quirinale J;
       Cosma A; Robbioni P; Shearer GM; Berzofsky JA; Villa ML; Siccardi AG;
       Clerici M; Department of Biology and Technology, S. Raffaele Scientific;
       Institute, Milan, Italy.
 SO    J Infect Dis. 1996 Feb;173(2):472-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96162112
 AB    The question of whether persistently seronegative persons at high risk
       for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection exhibit
       HIV-1-specific T cell responses and antibodies to HIV-1 envelope
       epitopes shared with selected HLAs was assessed. These antibodies are
       not detectable by conventional serologic methods. Envelope-specific
       helper T (Env-Th) cell responses and antibodies specific for the HIV/HLA
       epitopes were studied in 21 HIV-1-negative injection drug users (IDUs).
       HIV/HLA antibodies were detected in 7 (33.3%) of 21 IDUs and 4 (4.3%) of
       94 low-risk controls. Env-Th cell responses were detected in 16 (76.2%)
       of 21 IDUs and in 2 (3.1%) of 65 low-risk controls. All HIV/HLA
       antibody-positive IDUs also had Env-Th cell responses. These findings
       confirm the presence of HIV-1-specific immunity in conventionally
       seronegative individuals. Further characterization of these responses
       could provide the basis for new preventive strategies.
 DE    Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*IMMUNOLOGY  Human  HIV
       Antibodies/*ANALYSIS  HIV Antigens/IMMUNOLOGY  HIV
       Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY  HIV Seronegativity/*IMMUNOLOGY
       HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY  Interleukin-2/BIOSYNTHESIS  Lymphocyte
       Transformation/IMMUNOLOGY  Risk Factors  Substance Abuse,
       Intravenous/*IMMUNOLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  T-Lymphocytes,
       Cytotoxic/IMMUNOLOGY  T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*IMMUNOLOGY  Viral
       Envelope Proteins/*IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).