Document 0249
 DOCN  M9650249
 TI    Increased release of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor
       necrosis factor-alpha by bronchoalveolar cells lavaged from involved
       sites in pulmonary tuberculosis.
 DT    9605
 AU    Law K; Weiden M; Harkin T; Tchou-Wong K; Chi C; Rom WN; Department of
       Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016, USA.
 SO    Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Feb;153(2):799-804. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/96160601
 AB    Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its components have been shown to
       stimulate mononuclear phagocytes in vitro to release interleukin-1 beta
       (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6
       (IL-6). Animal models of tuberculosis (TB) also demonstrate the presence
       of cytokines in granulomas. We hypothesized that bronchoalveolar lavage
       (BAL) cells from patients with pulmonary TB would have increased
       spontaneous release of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha and would have a
       concomitant alveolitis. We performed BAL on 26 patients with active TB
       and on six normal volunteers. BAL fluid from radiographically involved
       and uninvolved sites was evaluated separately for cell types and the
       spontaneous release of cytokines. The alveolar inflammation in involved
       sites was characterized by an increase in lymphocytes (miliary TB, 38
       +/- 10%; involved sites, 22 +/- 4%; uninvolved sites, 13 +/- 2%; normal,
       5 +/- 2%) and neutrophils (involved sites, 21 +/- 7%; uninvolved sites,
       3 +/- 2%). There was a significant increase in the spontaneous release
       of IL-1 beta (501 +/- 280 pg/ml), TNF-alpha (782 +/- 165 pg/ml), and
       IL-6 (473 +/- 157 pg/ml) from involved sites of TB patients that was 5-
       to 20-fold greater than uninvolved sites, normal controls, or miliary
       TB. Northern analysis revealed increased gene expression of IL-1 beta,
       TNF-alpha, and IL-6 from the involved sites from two patients with TB
       compared with two negative controls. We conclude that BAL cells,
       especially alveolar macrophages, are activated in the alveolar
       inflammation of active TB and spontaneously release increased quantities
       of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha, and that these cytokines are likely
       to be involved in directing granuloma formation and control of M.
       tuberculosis infection.
 DE    Adult  AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/METABOLISM  Blotting,
       Northern  Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/*CYTOLOGY  Cell Count  Cells,
       Cultured  Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay  Female  Human
       Interleukin-1/GENETICS/*METABOLISM  Interleukin-6/GENETICS/*METABOLISM
       Lymphocytes/PATHOLOGY  Macrophages/PATHOLOGY  Male
       Neutrophils/PATHOLOGY  RNA, Messenger/ANALYSIS  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  Tuberculosis,
       Pulmonary/*METABOLISM/PATHOLOGY  Tumor Necrosis
       Factor/GENETICS/*METABOLISM  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).