Document 0661
 DOCN  M9650661
 TI    Bovine beta-lactoglobulin modified by 3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride blocks
       the CD4 cell receptor for HIV.
 DT    9605
 AU    Neurath AR; Jiang S; Strick N; Lin K; Li YY; Debnath AK; Laboratory of
       Biochemical Virology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research; Institute of the New
       York Blood Center, New York 10021, USA.
 SO    Nat Med. 1996 Feb;2(2):230-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96160373
 AB    Sexual transmission is the most frequent (86%) route of adult HIV-1
       transmission worldwide. In the absence of a prophylactic anti-HIV
       vaccine, other methods of preventing infection should be implemented.
       Virucidal spermicides have been considered for this purpose, but their
       application is contraindicated by adverse effects. Anti-HIV drugs or
       virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are expensive, suggesting that
       their wide use in topical chemoprophylaxis is unlikely. This emphasizes
       the importance of developing other methods for preventing HIV
       transmission. The target cells for sexual and mucosal HIV transmission
       include T lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells.
       Therefore, compounds blocking HIV-CD4 binding are expected to inhibit
       virus transmission. In exploring the possibility that chemical
       modification of food proteins might lead to compounds with anti-HIV-1
       activity, we found that bovine beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) modified by
       3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride (3HP-beta-LG) (1) blocked at nanomolar
       concentrations the binding to CD4 of human (HIV) and simian (SIV)
       immunodeficiency virus surface glycoproteins and monoclonal antibodies
       specific for the HIV binding site on CD4 and (2) inhibited infection by
       HIV-1, including primary virus isolates, by HIV-2 and by SIV. The
       inexpensive and widely available source (whey) for production of
       3HP-beta-LG suggests its potential application (nonparenteral) for
       diminishing the frequency of HIV transmission.
 DE    Antigens, CD4/CHEMISTRY/*METABOLISM  Antiviral Agents/*PHARMACOLOGY
       Hela Cells  Human  HIV-1/*METABOLISM/PATHOGENICITY
       HIV-2/*METABOLISM/PATHOGENICITY  Lactoglobulins/CHEMISTRY/*PHARMACOLOGY
       Phthalic Anhydrides  Protein Binding  Receptors, Virus/*ANTAGONISTS &
       INHIB  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  SIV/*METABOLISM/PATHOGENICITY
       JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).