Better Than A Pension Plan: There is also a popular variation of the unitrust usually called an "income only unitrust," which can defer payment until a later date, thereby supplementing or substituting for a pension plan. This type of CRT has become a very popular method of constructing a favorable tax retirement income fund. As we have seen, the law requires distribution to beneficiaries of an amount equal to at least 5 percent of the trust assets each year, and in a typical unitrust the beneficiary must receive the annual payment, even if principal has to be invaded to make that payment. But this requirement can be waived if the trust declaration includes a direction that payments are to be made from trust "income only." With careful planning and administration, the cash proceeds from the sale of original appreciated trust property can be reinvested in valuable assets producing little or no income in the early years of the trust operation, even as they increase in total value because of tax-free compounding. Years later, when the beneficiary desires income for retirement, these low-yield trust assets can be sold, and funds shifted to high-yield investments paying the beneficiary the lesser of the fixed percentage of the value of trust assets, or from trust income which exceeds this percentage, for as long as he or she lives. There can and should also be a "make up" provision in the trust declaration, requiring that whenever the specified percentage is not paid in any year because of the "income only" limitation forbidding invasion of principal, the cumulative deficit owed will be made up by increased payments in the subsequent years in which trust income does exceed the specified percentage of value. Unlike 401K, Keogh, IRAs or other retirement plans, there is no limit to the amount one can contribute to a "net income" CRT, and some donor/beneficiaries continue to contribute on a monthly or other periodic basis until they need payback.