Document 0880
 DOCN  M9540880
 TI    Single cell transcript analysis of human immunodeficiency virus gene
       expression in the transition from latent to productive infection.
 DT    9504
 AU    Peng H; Reinhart TA; Retzel EF; Staskus KA; Zupancic M; Haase AT;
       Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical; School,
       Minneapolis 55455.
 SO    Virology. 1995 Jan 10;206(1):16-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95133147
 AB    In the lymph nodes of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency
       virus (HIV), there is evidence that points to three kinds of virus-cell
       relationships. Virions may be associated with CD4+ lymphocytes that are
       actively producing virus or may be bound at the surfaces of follicular
       dendritic cells like other antigens. HIV is also harbored in CD4+
       lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in a latent form as
       transcriptionally silenced provirus. To ultimately investigate in vivo
       these and other HIV-cell interactions that play such critical roles in
       the persistence of virus, immune dysregulation, and depletion, we have
       developed an in situ hybridization method that discriminates multiply
       spliced from singly or unspliced viral transcripts. In this report we
       describe the method and the results obtained with it in an analysis of
       the switch from latent to productive infection of chronically infected T
       lymphocytes in culture. We found with this single-cell technique that
       there are two subpopulations in the culture, a minor one of productively
       infected cells and a major one of latently infected cells in which only
       low levels of viral transcripts terminated close to the 5' end of the
       viral genome were detected. Shortly after activation of viral gene
       expression with phorbol ester, transcripts encoding Tat and Rev increase
       in abundancy in individual latently infected cells and this is followed
       by increases in and cytoplasmic export of singly or unspliced mRNAs
       encoding structural proteins. These studies provide insights into the
       regulation of HIV gene expression from a single-cell perspective and,
       from that perspective, transcript profiles of productively infected
       cells as a frame of reference for defining HIV-cell relationships in
       individual cells in tissue sections.
 DE    *Gene Expression Regulation, Viral  Human  HIV/GENETICS/*PHYSIOLOGY
       RNA, Messenger/ANALYSIS  RNA, Viral/*METABOLISM  Support, U.S. Gov't,
       P.H.S.  Tumor Cells, Cultured  *Virus Activation  Virus Latency  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

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