Document 1020
 DOCN  M9541020
 TI    Enhancement of HIV type 1 infectivity in vitro by capsular
       polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans and Haemophilus influenzae.
 DT    9504
 AU    Pettoello-Mantovani M; Casadevall A; Smarnworawong P; Goldstein H;
       Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx,
       New York 10461.
 SO    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Sep;10(9):1079-87. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/95127290
 AB    High concentrations of the cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide (CCP)
       are present in the serum, cerebrospinal fluid or both in the majority of
       AIDS patients infected with Cryptococcus neoformans. Because the
       prognosis of AIDS patients infected with cryptococcus is poor, we
       investigated whether the presence of CCP enhanced HIV-1 infection. The
       presence of CCP markedly increased the infectivity of HIV-1-infected H9
       cells and subsequent production of infectious HIV-1 and formation of
       syncytia. In addition to enhancing the infectivity of H9 cells infected
       with laboratory isolates of HIV-1, the presence of CCP also increased
       the infectivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) infected
       with primary field strains of HIV-1. The in vitro infectivity of PBMCs
       from 20 of 44 HIV-1-infected individuals was significantly increased
       when cultured with CCP. Furthermore, HIV-1 was isolated from the PBMCs
       of three of these individuals only when cultured in the presence of CCP.
       CCP increased the binding of HIV-1 and recombinant gp120 to H9 cells and
       recombinant CD4, respectively. Thus, it is possible that the enhancement
       of HIV-1 infectivity by CCP is due to its capacity to increase the
       adherence of HIV-1 to target cells. Whereas the capsular polysaccharide
       of Haemophilus influenzae also markedly enhanced the infectivity of
       HIV-1, the capsular polysaccharides of C. freundii or S. flexneri had
       minimal effects on the infectivity of HIV-1. This indicated that the
       capacity to enhance HIV-1 infectivity was a property of polysaccharides
       from some pathogens and not others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/BLOOD/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/
       *IMMUNOLOGY  AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/BLOOD/CEREBROSPINAL
       FLUID  Cell Line  Cells, Cultured  Cryptococcosis/BLOOD/CEREBROSPINAL
       FLUID  Cryptococcus neoformans/*IMMUNOLOGY  Giant Cells  Haemophilus
       influenzae/*IMMUNOLOGY  Human  HIV Envelope Protein gp120/METABOLISM
       HIV-1/IMMUNOLOGY/*PHYSIOLOGY  Lymphocytes/*VIROLOGY
       Polysaccharides/*PHARMACOLOGY  Polysaccharides,
       Bacterial/BLOOD/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID/  *PHARMACOLOGY  Recombinant
       Proteins/METABOLISM  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).