Document 0747
 DOCN  M9550747
 TI    Stimulation of HIV type 1 gene expression and induction of NF-kappa B
       (p50/p65)-binding activity in tumor necrosis factor alpha-treated human
       fetal glial cells.
 DT    9505
 AU    Atwood WJ; Tornatore CS; Traub R; Conant K; Drew PD; Major EO;
       Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National; Institute
       of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
 SO    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Oct;10(10):1207-11. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/95151357
 AB    In vitro, HIV-1 infection of human fetal glial cells initiates a
       noncytopathic, productive infection that results in a long-term
       persistence during which the viral genome remains latent. The cytokines
       tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1
       beta) reactivate HIV-1 gene expression in these cells, leading to
       production of infectious virus. Here we show that treatment of human
       fetal glial cells with TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta increase expression of
       the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) when placed
       under the control of the HIV-1 5' LTR. We also show that treatment of
       human fetal glial cells with TNF-alpha leads to increased binding of the
       nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B (p50/p65) to a consensus kappa
       B-binding site present in the HIV-1 5'LTR. Our results suggest that
       TNF-alpha stimulation of HIV-1 gene expression in primary cultures of
       human fetal glial cells is mediated by an increase in binding of
       NF-kappa B (p50/p65) to the HIV-1 LTR. This is the first report
       documenting NF-kappa B-binding activity in primary cultures of human
       fetal glial cells.
 DE    Base Sequence  Binding Sites  Brain/METABOLISM  Cell Nucleus/METABOLISM
       Cytokines/PHARMACOLOGY  Fetus  Gene Expression/*DRUG EFFECTS  Genome,
       Viral  Human  HIV Long Terminal Repeat  HIV-1/DRUG
       EFFECTS/GENETICS/*PHYSIOLOGY  Molecular Sequence Data  Neuroglia/DRUG
       EFFECTS/*METABOLISM/VIROLOGY  NF-kappa B/*BIOSYNTHESIS/METABOLISM
       Oligonucleotide Probes  Transfection  Tumor Necrosis
       Factor/*PHARMACOLOGY  Virus Latency  JOURNAL ARTICLE

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