Algeria, Economy

Overview:
  The hydrocarbons sector is the backbone of the economy, accounting for
  roughly 57% of government revenues, 25% of GDP, and almost all export
  earnings; Algeria has the fifth largest reserves of natural gas in the
  world and ranks fourteenth for oil. Algiers' efforts to reform one of
  the most centrally planned economies in the Arab world began after the
  1986 collapse of world oil prices plunged the country into a severe
  recession. In 1989, the government launched a comprehensive,
  IMF-supported program to achieve macroeconomic stabilization and to
  introduce market mechanisms into the economy. Despite substantial
  progress toward macroeconomic adjustment, in 1992 the reform drive
  stalled as Algiers became embroiled in political turmoil. In September
  1993, a new government was formed, one of whose priorities was the
  resumption and acceleration of the structural adjustment process.
  Buffeted by the slump in world oil prices and burdened with a heavy
  foreign debt, Algiers in 1993 resumed negotiations with the IMF and is
  on track to conclude a standby arrangement with the Fund in 1994.
National product:
  GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $89 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  1% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
  $3,300 (1992 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  22% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
  22% (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
  $14.4 billion
expenditures:
  $14.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $3.5 billion (1992
  est.)
Exports:
  $11.4 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
  petroleum and natural gas 97%
partners:
  Italy 21%, France 16%, US 14%, Germany 13%, Spain 9%
Imports:
  $9 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
  capital goods 39.7%, food and beverages 21.7%, consumer goods 11.8%
  (1990)
partners:
  France 29%, Italy 14%, Spain 9%, US 9%, Germany 7%
External debt:
  $26 billion (1994)
Industrial production:
  growth rate NA%
Electricity:
capacity:
  6,380,000 kW
production:
  16.384 billion kWh
consumption per capita:
  630 kWh (1992)
Industries:
  petroleum, light industries, natural gas, mining, electrical,
  petrochemical, food processing
Agriculture:
  accounts for 12.8% of GDP (1993 est.) and employs 22% of labor force;
  products- wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits, sheep,
  cattle; net importer of food - grain, vegetable oil, sugar
Economic aid:
recipient:
  US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-85), $1.4 billion; Western
  (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $925
  million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $1.8 billion; Communist
  countries (1970-89), $2.7 billion; net official disbursements
  (1985-89), $375 million
Currency:
  1 Algerian dinar (DA) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
  Algerian dinars (DA) per US$1 - 36.008 (April 1994), 23.345 (1993),
  21.836 (1992), 18.473 (1991), 8.958 (1990), 7.6086 (1989)
Fiscal year:
  calendar year

Algeria, Communications

Railroads:
  4,060 km total; 2,616 km standard gauge (1.435 m), 1,188 km
  1.055-meter gauge, 256 km 1.000-meter gauge; 300 km electrified; 215
  km double track
Highways:
total:
  90,031 km
paved:
  concrete, bituminous 58,868 km
unpaved:
  gravel, crushed stone, earth 31,163 km (1990)
Pipelines:
  crude oil 6,612 km; petroleum products 298 km; natural gas 2,948 km
Ports:
  Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Djendjene, Ghazaouet, Jijel, Mers el
  Kebir, Mostaganem, Oran, Skikda
Merchant marine:
  75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 903,179 GRT/1,064,211 DWT, bulk
  9, cargo 27, chemical tanker 7, liquefied gas 9, oil tanker 5,
  roll-on/roll-off cargo 12, short-sea passenger 5, specialized tanker 1
Airports:
total:
  140
usable:
  124
with permanent-surface runways:
  53
with runways over 3,659 m:
  2
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  32
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  65
Telecommunications:
  excellent domestic and international service in the north, sparse in
  the south; 822,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 26 AM, no FM, 18
  TV; 1,600,000 TV sets; 5,200,000 radios; 5 submarine cables; microwave
  radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; coaxial
  cable to Morocco and Tunisia; satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic
  Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Intersputnik, l ARABSAT,
  and 12 domestic; 20 additional satellite earth stations are planned

Algeria, Defense Forces

Branches:
  National Popular Army, Navy, Air Force, Territorial Air Defense
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 6,863,378; fit for military service 4,215,767; reach
  military age (19) annually 301,945 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  exchange rate conversion - $1.36 billion, 2.5% of GDP (1993 est.)


American Samoa

Header

Affiliation:
  (territory of the US)

American Samoa, Geography

Location:
  Oceania, Polynesia, in the South Pacific Ocean, 3,700 km
  south-southwest of Honolulu, about halfway between Hawaii and New
  Zealand
Map references:
  Oceania
Area:
total area:
  199 sq km
land area:
  199 sq km
comparative area:
  slightly larger than Washington, DC
note:
  includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Land boundaries:
  0 km
Coastline:
  116 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
  24 nm
continental shelf:
  200-m depth or to depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone:
  200 nm
territorial sea:
  12 nm
International disputes:
  none
Climate:
  tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall
  averages 124 inches; rainy season from November to April, dry season
  from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
  five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains,
  two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Natural resources:
  pumice, pumicite
Land use:
arable land:
  10%
permanent crops:
  5%
meadows and pastures:
  0%
forest and woodland:
  75%
other:
  10%
Irrigated land:
  NA sq km
Environment:
rent issues:
     NA
ural hazards:
     typhoons common from December to March
ernational agreements:
     NA
Note:
  Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South
  Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by
  peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South
  Pacific Ocean

American Samoa, People

Population:
  55,223 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
  3.86% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
  36.63 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
  4.01 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
  6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  18.78 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Total population:
  72.91 years
male:
  71.03 years
female:
  74.85 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  4.36 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
  American Samoan(s)
adjective:
  American Samoan
Ethnic divisions:
  Samoan (Polynesian) 89%, Caucasian 2%, Tongan 4%, other 5%
Religions:
  Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant
  denominations and other 30%
Languages:
  Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages),
  English; most people are bilingual
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1980)
total population:
  97%
male:
  97%
female:
  97%
Labor force:
  14,400 (1990)
by occupation:
  government 33%, tuna canneries 34%, other 33% (1990)

American Samoa, Government

Names:
conventional long form:
  Territory of American Samoa
conventional short form:
  American Samoa
Abbreviation:
  AS
Digraph:
  AQ
Type:
  unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by
  the US Department of Interior, Office of Territorial and International
  Affairs
Capital:
  Pago Pago
Administrative divisions:
  none (territory of the US)
Independence:
  none (territory of the US)
National holiday:
  Territorial Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Constitution:
  ratified 1966, in effect 1967
Legal system:
  NA
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
  President William Jefferson CLINTON (since 20 January 1993); Vice
  President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)
head of government:
  Governor A. P. LUTALI (since 3 January 1993); Lieutenant Governor
  Tauese P. SUNIA (since 3 January 1993); election last held 3 November
  1992 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - A. P. LUTALI
  (Democrat) 53%, Peter Tali COLEMAN (Republican) 36%
Legislative branch:
  bicameral Legislative Assembly (Fono)
House of Representatives:
  elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November
  1994); results - representatives popularly elected from 17 house
  districts; seats - (21 total, 20 elected, and 1 nonvoting delegate
  from Swains Island)
Senate:
  elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November
  1996); results - senators elected by village chiefs from 12 senate
  districts; seats - (18 total) number of seats by party NA
US House of Representatives:
  elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November
  1994); results - Eni R. F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA reelected as delegate
Judicial branch:
  High Court
Political parties and leaders:
  NA
Member of:
  ESCAP (associate), INTERPOL (subbureau), IOC, SPC
Diplomatic representation in US:
  none (territory of the US)
US diplomatic representation:
  none (territory of the US)
Flag:
  blue with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side
  and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle
  flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan
  symbols of authority, a staff and a war club