Andorra, Economy

Overview:
  Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's economy, accounts for roughly 80%
  of GDP. An estimated 13 million tourists visit annually, attracted by
  Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. The
  banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes
  substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited by a
  scarcity of arable land, and most food has to be imported. The
  principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing consists
  mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of
  the EU Customs Union; it is unclear what effect the European Single
  Market will have on the advantages Andorra obtains from its duty-free
  status.
National product:
  GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $760 million (1992 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  NA%
National product per capita:
  $14,000 (1992 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  NA%
Unemployment rate:
  0%
Budget:
revenues:
  $138 million
expenditures:
  $177 million, Including capital expenditures of $NA (1993)
Exports:
  $30 million (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
  electricity, tobacco products, furniture
partners:
  France, Spain
Imports:
  $NA
commodities:
  consumer goods, food
partners:
  France, Spain
External debt:
  $NA
Industrial production:
  growth rate NA%
Electricity:
capacity:
  35,000 kW
production:
  140 million kWh
consumption per capita:
  2,570 kWh (1992)
Industries:
  tourism (particularly skiing), sheep, timber, tobacco, banking
Agriculture:
  sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats,
  and some vegetables
Economic aid:
  none
Currency:
  1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes; 1 peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos; the
  French and Spanish currencies are used
Exchange rates:
  French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9205 (January 1994), 5.6632 (1993),
  5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989); Spanish
  pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 143.04 (January 1994), 127.26 (1993), 102.38
  (1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38 (1989)
Fiscal year:
  calendar year

Andorra, Communications

Highways:
total:
  96 km
paved:
  NA
unpaved:
  NA
Telecommunications:
  international digital microwave network; international landline
  circuits to France and Spain; broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, no TV;
  17,700 telephones

Andorra, Defense Forces

Note:
  defense is the responsibility of France and Spain


Angola, Geography

Location:
  Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean between Namibia
  and Zaire
Map references:
  Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
  1,246,700 sq km
land area:
  1,246,700 sq km
comparative area:
  slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries:
  total 5,198 km, Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zaire 2,511 km, Zambia
  1,110 km
Coastline:
  1,600 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone:
  200 nm
territorial sea:
  20 nm
International disputes:
  none
Climate:
  semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry
  season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
Terrain:
  narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
Natural resources:
  petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold,
  bauxite, uranium
Land use:
arable land:
  2%
permanent crops:
  0%
meadows and pastures:
  23%
forest and woodland:
  43%
other:
  32%
Irrigated land:
  NA km2
Environment:
current issues:
  population pressures contributing to overuse of pastures and
  subsequent soil erosion; desertification; deforestation of tropical
  rain forest attributable to the international demand for tropical
  timber and domestic use as a fuel; deforestation contributing to loss
  of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and
  siltation of rivers and dams; scarcity of potable water
natural hazards:
  locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
international agreements:
  party to - Law of the Sea; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity,
  Climate Change
Note:
  Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire

Angola, People

Population:
  9,803,576 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
  2.67% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
  45.43 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
  18.55 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
  -0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  145.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
  45.77 years
male:
  43.72 years
female:
  47.92 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  6.48 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
  Angolan(s)
adjective:
  Angolan
Ethnic divisions:
  Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and
  Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
Religions:
  indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (est.)
Languages:
  Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
  42%
male:
  56%
female:
  28%
Labor force:
  2.783 million economically active
by occupation:
  agriculture 85%, industry 15% (1985 est.)

Angola, Government

Note:
  Civil war has been the norm since independence on 11 November 1975; a
  cease-fire lasted from 31 May 1991 until October 1992 when the
  insurgent National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA)
  refused to accept its defeat in internationally monitored elections;
  fighting has since resumed throughout much of the countryside.
  Nevertheless, the two sides are negotiating the details for holding
  the second round of presidential elections.
Names:
conventional long form:
  Republic of Angola
conventional short form:
  Angola
local long form:
  Republica de Angola
local short form:
  Angola
former:
  People's Republic of Angola
Digraph:
  AO
Type:
  transitional government nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong
  presidential system
Capital:
  Luanda
Administrative divisions:
  18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie,
  Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo,
  Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige,
  Zaire
Independence:
  11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
National holiday:
  Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
Constitution:
  11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March
  1991, and 26 August 1992
Legal system:
  based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently
  modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free
  markets
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
  President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979)
head of government:
  Prime Minister Marcolino Jose Carlos MOCO (since 2 December 1992)
cabinet:
  Council of Ministers; appointed by the president
Legislative branch:
  unicameral
National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional):
  first nationwide, multiparty elections were held 29-30 September 1992
  with disputed results; further elections are being discussed
Judicial branch:
  Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacao)
Political parties and leaders:
  Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose
  Eduardo DOS SANTOS, is the ruling party and has been in power since
  1975; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led
  by Jonas SAVIMBI, remains a legal party despite its return to armed
  resistance to the government; five minor parties have small numbers of
  seats in the National Assembly
Other political or pressure groups:
  Cabindan State Liberation Front (FLEC), N'ZITA Tiago, leader of
  largest faction (FLEC-FAC)
note:
  FLEC is waging a small-scale, highly factionalized, armed struggle for
  the independence of Cabinda Province
Member of:
  ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC (observer), ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO,
  IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU,
  LORCS, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,
  WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
  Ambassador Jose PATRICIO
embassy:
  1899 L Street NW, 5th floor, Washington, DC 20038
telephone:
  (202) 785-1156
FAX:
  (202) 785-1258
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
  Ambassador Edmund DE JARNETTE
embassy:
  Miramar, Luanda
mailing address:
  CP6484, Luanda, Angola (mail international); US Embassy, Luanda,
  Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20521-2550 (pouch)
telephone:
  [244] (2) 39-24-98
FAX:
  [244] (2) 39-05-15
Flag:
  two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered
  yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel
  crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)