Angola, Economy

Overview:
  Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80-90% of the
  population but accounts for less than 15% of GDP. Oil production is
  vital to the economy, contributing about 60% to GDP. Bitter internal
  fighting continues to severely affect the economy, and food must be
  imported. In 1993, production fell by an estimated 22.6%, mainly
  because of the capture by insurgents of the oil town of Soyo and
  diamond-producing areas in northeastern Angola. Angola has rich
  natural resources - notably gold, diamonds, and arable land, in
  addition to large oil depoaits - but will need to end the war and
  reform government policies if it is to achieve its potential.
National product:
  GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $5.7 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  -22.6% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
  $600 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  1,840% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
  15% with considerable underemployment (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
  $928 million
expenditures:
  $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $963 million (1992
  est.)
Exports:
  $3 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
  oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, gas, coffee, sisal, fish
  and fish products, timber, cotton
partners:
  US, France, Germany, Netherlands, Brazil
Imports:
  $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
  capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), food, vehicles
  and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; substantial
  military deliveries
partners:
  Portugal, Brazil, US, France, Spain
External debt:
  $8 billion (1993 est.)
Industrial production:
  growth rate NA%; accounts for about 60% of GDP, including petroleum
  output
Electricity:
capacity:
  510,000 kW
production:
  800 million kWh
consumption per capita:
  84 kWh (1991)
Industries:
  petroleum; mining - diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite,
  uranium, and gold; fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco;
  sugar; textiles; cement; basic metal products
Agriculture:
  cash crops - bananas, sugar cane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cane,
  manioc, tobacco; food crops - cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains ;
  livestock production accounts for 20%, fishing 4%, forestry 2% of
  total agricultural output; disruptions caused by civil war, and
  marketing deficiencies require food imports
Economic aid:
recipient:
  US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $265 million; Western
  (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89),
  $1.105 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $1.3 billion; net
  official disbursements (1985-89), $750 million
Currency:
  1 new kwanza (NKz) = 100 lwei
Exchange rates:
  kwanza (Kz) per US$1 - 90,000 (official rate 1June 1994), 180,000
  (black market rate 1 June 1994); 7,000 (official rate 16 December
  1993), 50,000 (black market rate 16 December 1993); 3,884 (July 1993);
  550 (April 1992); 90 (November 1991); 60 (October 1990)
Fiscal year:
  calendar year

Angola, Communications

Railroads:
  3,189 km total; 2,879 km 1.067-meter gauge, 310 km 0.600-meter gauge;
  limited trackage in use because of landmines still in place from the
  civil war; majority of the Benguela Railroad also closed because of
  civil war
Highways:
total:
  73,828 km
paved:
  bituminous-surface 8,577 km
unpaved:
  crushed stone, gravel, improved earth 29,350 km; unimproved earth
  35,901 km
Inland waterways:
  1,295 km navigable
Pipelines:
  crude oil 179 km
Ports:
  Luanda, Lobito, Namibe, Cabinda
Merchant marine:
  12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 63,776 GRT/99,863 DWT, cargo 11,
  oil tanker 1
Airports:
total:
  302
usable:
  175
with permanent-surface runways:
  32
with runways over 3,659 m:
  2
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  18
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  59
Telecommunications:
  limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and troposcatter
  routes; high frequency radio used extensively for military links;
  telephone service limited mostly to government and business use;
  40,300 telephones (4.1 telephones per 1,000 persons); broadcast
  stations - 17 AM, 13 FM, 6 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth
  stations

Angola, Defense Forces

Branches:
  Army, Navy, Air Force/Air Defense, People's Defense Organization and
  Territorial Troops,
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 2,262,669; fit for military service 1,139,319; reach
  military age (18) annually 96,900 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  $NA, NA% of GDP


Anguilla

Header

Affiliation:
  (dependent territory of the UK)

Anguilla, Geography

Location:
  Caribbean, in the eastern Caribbean Sea, about 270 km east of Puerto
  Rico
Map references:
  Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
total area:
  91 sq km
land area:
  91 sq km
comparative area:
  about half the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
  0 km
Coastline:
  61 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone:
  200 nm
territorial sea:
     3 nm
International disputes:
  none
Climate:
  tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
Terrain:
  flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone
Natural resources:
  negligible; salt, fish, lobster
Land use:
arable land:
  NA%
permanent crops:
  NA%
meadows and pastures:
  NA%
forest and woodland:
  NA%
other:
  NA% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial
  salt ponds)
Irrigated land:
  NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
  NA
natural hazards:
  frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
international agreements:
  NA

Anguilla, People

Population:
  7,052 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
  0.67% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
  24.25 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
  8.08 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
  -9.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  17.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
  73.99 years
male:
  71.21 years
female:
  76.8 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  3.07 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
  Anguillan(s)
adjective:
  Anguillan
Ethnic divisions:
  black African
Religions:
  Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%,
  Roman Catholic 3%, other 12%
Languages:
  English (official)
Literacy:
  age 12 and over can read and write (1984)
total population:
  95%
male:
  95%
female:
  95%
Labor force:
  2,780 (1984)
by occupation:
  NA

Anguilla, Government

Names:
conventional long form:
  none
conventional short form:
  Anguilla
Digraph:
  AV
Type:
  dependent territory of the UK
Capital:
  The Valley
Administrative divisions:
  none (dependent territory of the UK)
Independence:
  none (dependent territory of the UK)
National holiday:
  Anguilla Day, 30 May
Constitution:
  Anguilla Constitutional Orders 1 April 1982; amended 1990
Legal system:
  based on English common law
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
  Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor
  Alan W. SHAVE (since 14 August 1992)
head of government:
  Chief Minister Hubert HUGHES (since 16 March 1994)
cabinet:
   Executive Council; appointed by the governor from the elected members
  of the House of Assembly
Legislative branch:
  unicameral
House of Assembly:
  elections last held 16 March 1994 (next to be held March 1999);
  results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (11 total, 7 elected)
  ANA 2, AUP 2, ADP 2, independent 1
Judicial branch:
  High Court
Political parties and leaders:
  Anguilla National Alliance (ANA); Anguilla United Party (AUP), Hubert
  HUGHES; Anguilla Democratic Party (ADP), Victor BANKS
Member of:
  CARICOM (observer), CDB, INTERPOL (subbureau)
Diplomatic representation in US:
  none (dependent territory of the UK)
US diplomatic representation:
  none (dependent territory of the UK)
Flag:
  two horizontal bands of white (top, almost triple width) and light
  blue with three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design
  centered in the white band; a new flag may have been in use since 30
  May 1990